Suchergebnisse

COMPARED TO CONTEMPORARY POLITICAL SCIENCE, PHYSICS AIMS AT BEING QUANTITIVE RATHER THAN EXACT, QUOTES FACTS RATHER THAN AUTHORITIES, IS ON THE LOOKOUT FOR UNIVERSAL LAWS THAN ANALYSIS. THIS ARTICLE INTRODUCES INTO POLITICAL SCIENCE THE USE OF ALGEBRAIC MODELS RATHER THAN STATISTICS AND CALCULATIONS RATHER THAN PHILOSOPHY AND THEORETICAL METHODOLOGY.

Published as An autarkic science : physis, culture, and power in Franco's Spain / Néstor Herran and Xavier Roqué, as appears in the print version of Historical studies in the natural science. © 2013 by the Regents of the University of California/Sponsoring Society or Association. Copying and permissions notice: Authorization to copy this content beyond fair use (as specified in Sections 107 and 108 of the U. S. Copyright Law) for internal or personal use, or the internal or personal use of specific clients, is granted by the Regents of the University of California/on behalf of the Sponsoring Society for libraries and other users, provided that they are registered with and pay the specified fee via Rightslink® on [JSTOR (http://www.jstor.org/r/ucal)] or directly with the Copyright Clearance Center, http://www.copyright.com ; We discuss the rise of modern physics in Spain during Francoism (1939-1975) within the context of culture, power, and the ongoing historical assessment of science during the dictatorship. Contrary to the idea that Francoist policy was indifferent if not hostile to modern science, and that ideology did not go deeper than the rhetorical surface, we discuss the ways in which the physical sciences took advantage of, and in turn were used by, the regime to promote international relations, further the autarkic economy, and ultimately generate power. In order to understand what physics meant within the National Catholic political order, we contrast the situation in the post-Civil War decades with the situation before the war. First we discuss how the war transformed the physicists' community, molding it around certain key fields. We then turn to the work of right-wing ideologues and conservative scientists and philosophers, who stressed the spiritual dimension of the discipline and argued for the integration of science into the Christian scheme of the world. The cultural realignment of the discipline coincided with the institutional changes that harnessed physics to the military and economic needs of the autarkic state, which we discuss in the final section. To conclude, we reflect upon the demise of autarkic physics in the late 1960s and the overall implications of our argument with regard to the development of physics in Spain

Der Autor stellt den auslandsorientierten Studiengang "Master of Science Engineering Physics (MSEP)" vor, der im Rahmen eines gleichnamigen Pilotprojektes des DAAD initiiert und im Fachbereich Physik der Universität Oldenburg sowie dem Fachbereich Naturwissenschaftliche Technik der Fachhochschule Ostfriesland entwickelt und erprobt wurde. Neben einer physikalisch-technischen Grundbildung werden insbesondere moderne Methoden der Lasermeß- und Laserprozeßtechnik, der biomedizinischen Technik und der technischen Akustik vermittelt, woraus sich der Bedarf vieler Industrie- und Technologiebereiche begründet. Die drei Schwerpunkte sind in die Forschungsrichtungen der beteiligten Hochschulen eingebettet. Der grundständige Studiengang bietet die Abschlüsse "Bachelor" nach sechssemestrigen und "Master" nach einem acht- bzw. zehnsemestrigen Studium. Im Beitrag erfolgt die nähere Beschreibung des Studienganges (mit Abb.), und es werden folgende Vorzüge für Studierende dargestellt: - ca. 50 Prozent ausländische Studierende, - Internationale Abschlüsse (Bachelor, Master of Engingeering bzw. of Science), - Zusammenarbeit zwischen FH und Uni, - Ausbildungssprache englisch, - Modularisierung, ECTS, - Laboratory Project, - Internationales Studiensemester, - Long Distance Learning, - Keine Studiengebühren. (HoF/Ko.).

This paper looks at the ways in which popular science books, through their explicit insertion of science into the public domain, act to reinforce a distinct demarcation between scientists and their publics. It is argued that these books acquire a distributed media presence by acting as nodal points in an intertextual web. The intertextuality of popular science books causes images of science which are supportive of scientists' interests to continue to circulate in public discourse despite the alternative images thrown up by public scientific controversies reported in the news. The paper looks at examples of popular physics books which, like many other popularizations of physics, draw explicitly on science fiction. Since these texts do not respond to any specific controversy within or around science, they provide examples of 'routine' boundary work. It is argued that by working at multiple boundaries, texts such as these are able to claim potentially contradictory attributes for science at the same time as sustaining its place at the top of a hierarchy of ways of knowing.

The scientific discovery and mastery of electricity created as many important changes in modern society as did the invention of alphabetical writing in antiquity and movable type in the fifteenth century. It is more than a natural phenomenon that science has harnessed for human use; it is a central feature of the modern episteme. It has inspired writers and artists, propelled industry and innovation, and reshaped human social behaviour. Looking at a variety of topics including film, politics, and contemporary art, this volume explores the impact of electricity on knowledge, social practices, media, community life, and subjective experience.