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The European Union has been making efforts to increase energy efficiency within its member states, in line with most of the industrialized countries. In these efforts, the energy consumed by public lighting networks is a key target as it represents approximately 50% of the electricity consumption of European cities. In this paper we propose an approach for the autonomous management of public lighting networks in which each luminary is managed individually and that takes into account both their individual characteristics as well as ambient data. The approach is compared against a traditional management scheme, leading to a reduction in energy consumption of 28%. ; This work is co-funded by Fundos Europeus Estruturais e de Investimento (FEEI) through Programa Operacional Regional Norte, in the scope of project NORTE01-0145-FEDER-023577 and by national funds through FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia through projects UID/CEC/00319/2019 and ...

Material relating to inventor and entrepreneur Charles Brush. Cleveland Times article about the first use of electric street lighting in Cleveland. Brush claimed Cleveland was first to have electric street lighting. First street arc lamp was lighted in April 1879 in the Public square. Crowds came to witness the spectacle for the first week or see – some went home dissatisfied because they weren't' blinded by the rivals of the sun. In 1881 the city erected 4 steel masts 200 feet high with 8 lamps on each. Mentions locations of each. Lights were 4,000 candlepower each. Were supposed to carry the light all over the city. Theory did not work, were taken down in 1893. Brush talked about his interest of reading in his boyhood. Says 1878 was memorable year in electric lighting. Brush invented modern series arc lamp with its regulating shunt coil. Made arc lighting from central stations commercially possible. Birth of electric lighting industry. Credits first arc light to Sir Humphrey Davy. Brush became interested in Davy's work, began his own experiments in high school. Most important experiments began in 1872, resulting in the Brush dynamo and arc light unit. Mentions that a small hollow forms at the point of the carbons, and carbon being refractory, it produces the highest temperature yet produced and "ranks next to that of the sun." The lights in the Public square required continual replacement of carbons. Because of that, Brush developed the double carbon. Mentions installations in London, including parliament, St. Paul's Church and Charing Cross Station. Lit in 1880. Tokyo and Shanghai received Brush street lights in 1882, the first in the Orient. Carbon stick prices reduced from $100 per 1,000 to $10 per thousand. Price drop led to increased sales. candlepower each. Were supposed to carry the light all over the city. Theory did not work, were taken down in 1893. Brush talked about his interest of reading in his boyhood.

Street lights remain illuminated for whole nights and most of them used for lighting-up of highways are high energy consumption lamps. Preservation and sustainable use of energy and resources is an important factor of planning and development these days as Natural resources are depleting day by day, which pose a risk of scarcity and non-availability of the same for our presidenting generations. There is an acute need for devising a well thought out plan to prevent wastage of electricity. Perhaps, the government should think of implementing automatic street light control systems using LDR (light dependent resistor). This review paper illustrates the street light illumination system automated by the movement (frequency) of vehicles on that particular street. The crux of this paper is to emancipate the necessity and usage of street light control systems which combines various technologies is Timers, Photodiodes, Light Emitting Diodes (LED), and IR Sensors.

Street lights remain illuminated for whole nights and most of them used for lighting-up of highways are high energy consumption lamps. Preservation and sustainable use of energy and resources is an important factor of planning and development these days as Natural resources are depleting day by day, which pose a risk of scarcity and non-availability of the same for our presidenting generations. There is an acute need for devising a well thought out plan to prevent wastage of electricity. Perhaps, the government should think of implementing automatic street light control systems using LDR (light dependent resistor). This review paper illustrates the street light illumination system automated by the movement (frequency) of vehicles on that particular street. The crux of this paper is to emancipate the necessity and usage of street light control systems which combines various technologies is Timers, Photodiodes, Light Emitting Diodes (LED), and IR Sensors.

The article describes the use of the Delphi Method in setting priorities in the provision of a public service. Hereby account has been taken of group values, cost-benefit factors and the views of exports and residents. (DSE)

Street lighting aims to contribute to the well-being and safety of citizens, and Performance Evaluation emerges as a tool to aid them in their management process. This study aims to explore what the literature offers on performance evaluation in street lighting management, in order to develop knowledge in the researchers, and clearly presenting research opportunities. In this regard, a Bibliographic Portfolio is composed from the most relevant scientific publications; Bibliometrics and a Systematic Review were performed as well. The process guided by the instrument of intervention, called ProKnow-C, presented research gaps and opportunities on the topic in question.

Street lighting has a big impact on the energy consumption of Spanish municipalities. To decrease this consumption, the Spanish government has developed two different regulations to improve energy savings and efficiency, and consequently, reduce greenhouse-effect gas emissions. However, after these efforts, they have not obtained the expected results. To improve the effectiveness of these regulations and therefore to optimize energy consumption, a study has been done to analyze the different devices which influence energy consumption with the intention of better understanding their behavior and performance. The devices analyzed were lamps, ballasts, street lamp globes, control systems and dimmable lighting systems. To improve their performance, they have been analyzed from three points of view: changes in technology, use patterns and standards. Thanks to this study, some aspects have been found that could be taken into account if we really wanted to use energy efficiently.