Suchergebnisse

Abstract Several roads in Indonesia are in bad conditions. It is because maintenance works is not properly conducted because of insufficiently, unsustainably, and inconsistency on allocating budget for maintenance. Insufficient or uncertain budgetary allocations to road maintenance have resulted in road deterioration that has significantly increased production and transport costs. To avoid this problem, highway professionals advocate the establishment of dedicated road funds, managed by independent road boards made up of road user representatives. So far roads maintenance in Indonesia is financed using the government budget allocation. It is difficult to give guarantee to the sustainable road maintenance if the finance for road maintenance takes from the government budget allocation. Therefore in this paper will be introduced road fund, the road maintenance funding system widely used in some countries that road conditions can be well maintained. The conclusion is that the road fund needs to be applied to maintenance the road in Indonesia. Keywords: Road, deteriorate, maintenance, road fund, budget system, sustainable Abstrak Sebagian jalan di Indonesia dalam kondisi buruk. Hal ini disebabkan karena pekerjaan perbaikan tidak dilakukan dengan baik karena kekurangan, ketidak berkelanjutan, dan ketidak konsistensi dari alokasi dana untuk pemeliharaan jalan. Kekurangan dan ketidak jelasan alokasi pendanaan untuk perbaikan jalan menyebabkan memburuknya kondisi jalan yang menyebabkan peningkatan biaya produksi dan transportasi. Untuk menghindari masalah ini, professional pengembangan jalan raya didorong untuk menciptakan dana jalan secara khusus dan dikelola oleh badan independen jalan yang terdiri dari pemangku kepentingan para pengguna jalan. Sejauh ini, pemeliharaan jalan di Indonesia dibiayai melalui alokasi dana pemerintah. Hal ini menyebabkan sulit untuk memberikan jaminan keberkelanjutan pemeliharaan jalan. Untuk ini, makalah ini mengintroduksi dana jalan untuk sistem pemeliharaan jalan yang umum digunakan di beberapa Negara yang memiliki jalan dalam kondisi terpelihara dengan baik. Kesimpulan adalah dana jalan diperlukan untuk diterapkan untuk pemeliharaan jalan di Indonesia. Kata-kata kunci: Kerusakan jalan, pemeliharaan, dana jalan, sistem pendanaan, berkelanjutan

The book covers the planning and design of highways and country roads. The quality requirements for the road are derived from the network planning. After an excursus into the fundamentals of driving dynamics, the design elements are described in the site plan, in the height plan and in cross-section. After a detailed presentation of the intersection solutions, the necessary equipment is compiled. This book is a translation of the original German 1st edition Planung von Autobahnen und Landstraen by Richter Thomas published by Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden GmbH, part of Springer Nature in 2016. The translation was done with the help of artificial intelligence (machine translation by the service DeepL.com). A subsequent human revision was done primarily in terms of content, so that the book will read stylistically differently from a conventional translation. Springer Nature works continuously to further the development of tools for the production of books and on the related technologies to support the authors. The content Introduction - Road network design - Objectives with measurement and description parameters - Usage requirements - Planning process - Road categories and design classes - Design features of the design classes - Driving dynamics - Standard cross-sections - Junction points - Integrated consideration of route sections and junctions - Design elements in the site plan - Design elements in the profile plan - Design elements in cross section - Visibility - Spatial lines - Visualization of streets - Equipment and ancillary facilities - Drainage. The author Dr.-Ing. Thomas Richter is a professor in the field of road planning and road operation at the TU Berlin.

Cover -- Half Title -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Introduction -- 1. Road Rage Incidents are Increasing -- 2. The Prevalence of Road Rage is Exaggerated -- 3. Crowded Roads are the Real Reason for Road Rage -- 4. Hypermiling Causes Road Rage -- 5. Hypermilers Need to be More Considerate -- 6. Road Rage and Left-Lane Hogs -- 7. Drivers Who Ignore Left-Lane Laws Fuel Road Rage -- 8. Marijuana Does not Decrease the Likelihood of Road Rage -- 9. Do You Feel "Righteous Rage" on the Road? -- 10. Area's No. 1 Rank in Traffic Delays Leaves a Lot to Curse About -- 11. Looking to Avoid Aggressive Drivers? Check those Bumpers -- 12. Road Rage is Primarily an Anger Problem -- 13. is Road Rage Just Bad Manners? -- 14. How to Fight Road Rage -- 15. Driverless Cars Could Eliminate Road Rage -- 16. Driverless Cars will not Solve the Problem of Road Rage -- 17. "Road Rage" Case Highlights Cyclist vs. Driver Tension -- 18. Cyclists Cause Road Rage -- Organizations to Contact -- Bibliography -- Index -- Back Cover

This review is a comprehensive up-dating of the previous 1980 report. This report primarily focuses on the evaluation of the period covering the years 1980-85. New chapters covering the economies of road transport such as costs traffic rates and revenue collection and policies such as pricing, vehicle import and traffic regulation have been added. (DÜI-Hff)

Explores how the movement of people, objects, and ideas from 500 to 1000 CE shaped cultures and historiesIn the ninth century CE, an Arabian ship sank off the coast of Indonesia. The objects found in the wreckage, which include Chinese ceramics and precious metals, have provided extraordinary evidence of the nature, scale, and diversity of trade between Tang China and the Islamic Abbasid dynasty. This is just one example of the sprawling and extensive networks of contacts and exchanges spanning Afro-Eurasia. This richly illustrated book challenges the concept of the "Silk Roads" as a simple history of trade between East and West. Focusing on a series of overlapping geographic zones and interspersed with case studies of particular peoples who were active along these networks-seafarers in the Indian Ocean, Sogdians, Vikings, Aksumites, and the peoples of al-Andalus-it reveals remarkable human stories, innovations, and the transfer of knowledge that emerged from these connections. The volume explores notable examples of contacts, connections, and integrations, while emphasizing the environmental and historical conditions that shaped them, featuring the latest scientific research. The dazzling range of objects includes a wooden panel with the story of the "silk princess" who smuggled the eggs of the silk moth from China; a lion sculpture from Jordan; a miniature wooden pagoda from Japan; wall paintings from the Hall of Ambassadors in Uzbekistan; a kaftan from the Caucasus region; an ivory cross from Spain; and a gold and garnet scabbard slide from the Sutton Hoo burial in Britain