Suchergebnisse

First of all, the topicality of the topic is related to the relatively recent introduction of administrative liability in Ukraine for traffic safety violations recorded automatically. More precisely, with the legal mechanism for regulating the procedure of bringing persons to administrative responsibility for such type of offenses, for which the constitutional principles and tasks of legal (administrative) responsibility are nullified. The introduction of a system of automatic recording of violations of traffic rules is indeed an obviously necessary step, which, however, requires a detailed study and significant improvement of the legal framework that regulates it, with mandatory consideration of the need to observe the legal rights and freedoms of persons subject to administrative responsibility. Of course, the automatic recording of offenses in the field of road safety in Ukraine is relatively new and is only gaining momentum, going through the process of its formation. On the other hand, the operation of cameras on roads in other developed countries, such as in Great Britain, the United States of America, Germany, France, Finland and Sweden already has a long history that deserves a more detailed study. That is why the purpose of the work is to conduct an analysis of foreign practices in the outlined area, which will allow us to suggest ways to improve national legislation, because an effective and fair mechanism of bringing to administrative responsibility for the type of offenses we are investigating is one of the means of ensuring road traffic. To achieve the goal, the research used a complex of general scientific and special methods of scientific knowledge, mostly the comparative legal method. This method was used to compare the theoretical and practical aspects of the functioning of the system of automatic recording of violations of traffic rules in foreign countries and to develop practical recommendations for improving its use in Ukraine. Many years of foreign experience in using the system of automatic recording of offenses should serve as a reliable basis for the implementation and development of the national system with the least resistance from society, as well as the minimization of practical mistakes and legislative gaps in this area. The conducted analysis made it possible to identify the most efficient and effective mechanism for bringing to administrative responsibility persons for violations of the Traffic Rules recorded in automatic mode, taking into account the need to observe the fundamental rights and guarantees of the subjects of this type of offense.

Intro -- Foreword -- Preface -- Contributors -- Table of Statutes -- Table of Statutory Instruments -- Table of Cases -- Part 1 Introduction -- 1 Survival guide -- Introduction -- General preparation -- Some common challenges and issues -- 2 Definitions of a vehicle and a road -- What is a vehicle? -- What is a road? -- Part 2 Procedure -- 3 'How to be legal' -- Standard requirements -- The driving test - theory and practical -- Offences -- Possession of a false driving licence -- 4 Licences -- Learner drivers -- New drivers -- Requirement to produce driving licence -- Disease or disability -- Appeal -- Licence offences -- 5 Basic procedure -- Getting to court -- The court process -- Evidence -- The trial -- Trial in absence -- Adjournments -- Sentencing -- Appeal -- 6 Journey of cases through the courts -- Practical advice for the advocate -- Driving courses -- Part 3 Offences -- 7 Speeding -- Maximum points -- Speed awareness courses -- 8 Acquisitive offences -- Offences -- Theft of a vehicle, or taking a vehicle without consent? The difference -- Theft of a vehicle (Theft Act 1968, s 7) -- Taking a motor vehicle or other conveyance without authority (Theft Act 1968, s 12) -- Defence to TWOC (Theft Act 1968, s 12(6)) -- Aggravated vehicle taking (aggravated TWOC) (Theft Act 1968, s 12A) -- Interfering with a vehicle (Criminal Attempts Act 1981, s 9) -- 9 Regulatory offences -- Construction of vehicles and their usage -- Loads -- Lighting -- Test certificates -- Seat belts -- Protective headgear -- 10 Drink/drug driving -- Introduction -- The principal offences -- Excess alcohol -- Excess drugs -- Breath procedure -- Blood/urine procedure at the station -- Urine -- Hospital patients -- Post-incident consumption of alcohol or drugs -- back-calculation.

La Organización Mundial de la Salud (2013), alerta a los gobiernos a tomar medidas urgentes para prevenir accidentes de tránsito. Si no se intervienen, en el 2030 serán la quinta causa de muerte. Este estudio establece el perfil psicológico de conductores de vehículo infractores frecuentes de normas de tránsito, en una muestra de 295 adultos de ambos sexos. Utilizando el cuestionario factorial de personalidad 16PF-5 y una escala de creencias, conocimientos, y comportamientos sobre seguridad vial, se identificaron relaciones significativas entre conducta infractora y creencias, además de los factores de personalidad y variables específicas que predicen la propensión a las infracciones frecuentes de normas de tránsito. ; The World Health Organization (2013) has alerted governments to take urgent measures to prevent traffic accidents. If no intervention is made, they will be the fifth leading cause of death in 2030. This study established the psychological profile of frequent offenders of traffic rules in a sample of 295 drivers of both sexes. Using the 16PF-5 Personality Questionnaire and a scale of beliefs, knowledge, and road safety behaviors, significant relationships between offending behavior and beliefs were identified, in addition to the specific personality factors and variables that predict susceptibility to frequent violations of traffic rules.

The World Health Organization (2013) has alerted governments to take urgent measures to prevent traffic accidents. If no intervention is made, they will be the fifth leading cause of death in 2030. This study established the psychological profile of frequent offenders of traffic rules in a sample of 295 drivers of both sexes. Using the 16PF-5 Personality Questionnaire and a scale of beliefs, knowledge, and road safety behaviors, significant relationships between offending behavior and beliefs were identified, in addition to the specific personality factors and variables that predict susceptibility to frequent violations of traffic rules. ; La Organización Mundial de la Salud (2013), alerta a los gobiernos a tomar medidas urgentes para prevenir accidentes de tránsito. Si no se intervienen, en el 2030 serán la quinta causa de muerte. Este estudio establece el perfil psicológico de conductores de vehículo infractores frecuentes de normas de tránsito, en una muestra de 295 adultos de ambos sexos. Utilizando el cuestionario factorial de personalidad 16PF-5 y una escala de creencias, conocimientos, y comportamientos sobre seguridad vial, se identificaron relaciones significativas entre conducta infractora y creencias, además de los factores de personalidad y variables específicas que predicen la propensión a las infracciones frecuentes de normas de tránsito.

The article explores the issue of administrative liability for pedestrian traffic violations. It has been found that road safety issues are of concern to everyone, as we are all road users, whether drivers, passengers or pedestrians. According to the World Health Organization, the number of road traffic fatalities is extremely high and is set at around 1.25 million per year, which is unacceptable. Moreover, most of all deaths are in middle- and low-income countries, including Ukraine. It is argued that, at present, the rules of the Code of Administrative Offenses relating to measures of liability for pedestrian traffic violations are essentially dead, which is explained by the use of only a preventive measure and a rather low amount of penalties for such offenses.Administrative responsibility in the field of security is the responsibility of drivers of vehicles or other road users, including officials who are authorized to ensure the safe operation of roads and road structures, transport, operation of transport and roads, for violations of express traffic rules in the application to the perpetrators of administrative penalties in accordance with the grounds and in the manner prescribed by the rules of administrative lawThis all contributes to the spread of mass offenses in the industry by the efforts of legislators to remedy this situation by amending the relevant Code of Conduct in order to increase accountability and thereby reduce pedestrians' attempts to take similar actions. It is emphasized that as of 2020, a mechanism for the effectiveness of administrative liability for violation of traffic rules by pedestrians has been worked out, in the form of a draft Law on Increasing Administrative Liability in this Field for such road users – as pedestrians.Keywords: administrative responsibility, administrative liability for traffic violations, pedestrian, traffic, traffic accident ; У статті досліджується питання адміністративної відповідальності за порушення правил дорожнього руху пішоходами. Було з'ясовано, що проблеми, у сфері забезпечення безпеки дорожнього руху є такими, що стосуються кожного, адже всі ми є учасниками дорожнього руху у вигляді чи то водіїв, пасажирів чи простих пішоходів. За даними Всесвітньої організації охорони здоров'я , кількість випадків смерті, що стали наслідком дорожньо-транспортних пригод є надзвичайно високими та встановлюється приблизно на рівні 1,25 млн. на рік, що є неприпустимими. До того, більшість із усіх смертельних випадків припадає на країни із середнім рівнем та низьким рівнем доходу, серед яких є і Україна.Стверджується, що в даний час норми КУпАП, які стосуються мір відповідальності за порушення пішоходами правил дорожнього руху по суті є мертвими, що пояснюється застосуванням лише попередження, яке має суто профілактичний характер та досить низькими сумами штрафів за такі правопорушення. Це все сприяє розповсюдженню масових правопорушень у даній галузі на намаганнями законодавців виправити дану ситуацію шляхом внесення відповідних змін до чинного КУпАП з метою підвищення мір відповідальності та тим сам зменшивши намагання пішоходів вчиняти подібні дії.Наголошується на тому, що станом на 2020 р. напрацьовується механізм ефективності застосування адміністративної відповідальності за порушення правил дорожнього руху саме пішоходами, у вигляді проекту Закону про підвищення мір адміністративної відповідальності у даній сфері саме для таких учасників дорожнього руху – як пішоходів.Ключові слова: адміністративна відповідальність, адміністративна відповідальність за порушення правил дорожнього руху, пішохід, дорожній рух, дорожньо-транспортна пригода

The role of occupant protection safety restraints in the prevention of neurotrauma (Manjul Tripathi and Soumyata Tripathi, Department of Neurosurgery, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India, and others) -- Examining the perceptual consequences of traffic complexity for vulnerable road users (Thomas Sanocki and Cassandra Cosgrove, Department of Psychology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, US) -- The use of seat belts for reducing the number of road traffic deaths (Grace O. Korter, PhD, Department of Mathematics/Statistics, Federal Polytechnic, Offa, Kwara State, Nigeria) -- Road traffic safety: a manual of safety measures (Raj Kumar, Jayesh Sardhara, and Amit Kumar Singh, Department of Neurosurgery, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGIMS), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India) -- Road traffic and safety: risk factors and recommendations (Professor S. A. Tabish, Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar) -- An overview of determinants of road traffic accidents (Prof. Dr. Shankar Acharya, Dr. Nitin Adsul, Dr. Anita S. Acharya, Consultant Orthopaedic & Spine Surgeon, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Rajinder Nagar, New Delhi, and others) -- Road safety in hilly terrain (Shashivadhanan Sundaravadhanan, Madakasira Sitaram Sridhar Shastry, Saurabh Kumar Vermay, and Chinmay Srivastav, Department of Neurosurgery, Army Hospital Research & Referral, Delhi, India) -- Road safety in conflict zones (Air Cmde M. S. Sridhar, Col S. K. Verma, Col Shashivadanan, Lt Col Chinmaya Srivastava, Department of Neurosurgery, Army Hospital R&R, New Delhi) -- Head injury: prevention and management (Sarvpreet Singh Grewal and Shivender Sobti, Department of Neurosurgery, Christian Medical College & Hospital, Brown Road, Ludhiana, Punjab, India) -- Physicians' perspectives on road traffic safety (Udit R. Narang, MD and Bimal K. Agrawal, MD, Department of Medicine, Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Mullana, Amblala, India) -- Bicycle-related injuries: prevention and challenges in Latin America (Joulen Mo-Carrascal MD, Johana Maraby, MD, and Luis Rafael Moscote-Salazar, MD, Physician, Universidad de Cartagena, Cartagena de Indias, Colombia, and others) -- Pre-hospital care in traumatic brain injury (Dr V. D. Sinha and Dr Ugan Singh, Dept of Neurosurgery, S.M.S. Medical College, Jaipur-Rajasthan, India) -- Road traffic and safety: a qualitative study on experiences and expectations of persons with paraplegia in India -- (Nalina Gupta and Kavitha Raja, PhD Scholar, School of Physiotherapy, R.K. University, Rajkot, Gujarat, and others) -- Quantifying the burden of road traffic accidents -- (Dr. Raghavendra, Dr. Sudhindra Vooturi, and Dr. Manas Panigrahi, Department of Neurosurgery, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Secunderabad, Telangana, and others) -- Road traffic injuries in india: a systematic review of the current research scenario (Ravi Dadlani, DNB (Neurosurgery), Master of Advanced Surgery (Neurosurgery), Department of Neurosurgery, Apollo Specialty Hospitals, Nellore, India)