Suchergebnisse

Abstract
Regional regime complexity has long been on the rise and carries a series of potential negative effects, such as waste of resources or reduced effectiveness of regional governance. This article investigates a specific strategy of how states cope with regime complexity, namely by exiting regional international organizations (RIOs). We develop hypotheses on how different types of regional regime complexity influence the chances for exits to occur and theorize interaction effects. The analysis reveals that higher levels of membership- and competency-based regime complexity as well as RIO incompatibility increase the likelihood of state withdrawals. In addition, state characteristics moderate this effect and influence who leaves which organization. Most importantly, smaller rather are less able to shape RIO policies and activities and have fewer capacities to implement them and are thus more likely to exit one of the organizations when being member in many overlapping RIOs. By contrast, powerful states can better navigate regime complexity and avoid negative side-effects and are therefore less inclined to withdraw from RIOs in situations of high regional regime complexity.

International audience ; The past decade of Internet governance issues and opportunities has been tumultuous andtransformation-filled. Much work has been done on nation-states, new institutions such as ICANN or theInternet Governance Forum or even the private sector. Less work focuses on the roles of internationalorganizations, including long-standing regional international organizations such as the Council of Europe(CoE) and their interactions with other key actors including the European Union. This paper takes a relativelylong term view of international organizations and the European Union in the complex and uncertain internetgovernance ecosystem, beginning with the World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS) and its craftingof an institutional innovation, the Internet Governance Forum, convened for the first time in 2006 in Athens,Greece. Using case study data from our research project on international organizations involved in internetgovernance, it reports and analyzes findings from the Council of Europe (COE). Particular attention is paid tothe COE role in the multistakeholder approach to Internet governance, highlighted in WSIS outcomedocuments and especially to the trajectory of such roles and any accompanying tensions and possibilities.The paper tracks a non-linear trajectory from a regional international organization as a region-widecoordinating mechanism for nation-state members to a global stakeholder itself. In so doing, the paperprovides data regarding initial outcomes of this trajectory with special reference to power and possibilities ofregional international organizations in the decade ahead.

International audience ; The past decade of Internet governance issues and opportunities has been tumultuous andtransformation-filled. Much work has been done on nation-states, new institutions such as ICANN or theInternet Governance Forum or even the private sector. Less work focuses on the roles of internationalorganizations, including long-standing regional international organizations such as the Council of Europe(CoE) and their interactions with other key actors including the European Union. This paper takes a relativelylong term view of international organizations and the European Union in the complex and uncertain internetgovernance ecosystem, beginning with the World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS) and its craftingof an institutional innovation, the Internet Governance Forum, convened for the first time in 2006 in Athens,Greece. Using case study data from our research project on international organizations involved in internetgovernance, it reports and analyzes findings from the Council of Europe (COE). Particular attention is paid tothe COE role in the multistakeholder approach to Internet governance, highlighted in WSIS outcomedocuments and especially to the trajectory of such roles and any accompanying tensions and possibilities.The paper tracks a non-linear trajectory from a regional international organization as a region-widecoordinating mechanism for nation-state members to a global stakeholder itself. In so doing, the paperprovides data regarding initial outcomes of this trajectory with special reference to power and possibilities ofregional international organizations in the decade ahead.

When are individuals more likely to support immigration? We suggest here that regional international organizations (IOs; for example, the European Union) publicly release reports about the scale and benefits of immigration to member states in the region in which these IOs operate. We argue that unlike individuals who are uninformed about immigration, informed individuals who have more knowledge of the main regional IO in which their country participates will be more likely to employ immigration reports released by their regional IO to construct their immigration attitudes. They will also perceive that these reports are credible. The credibility of these reports helps individuals with more knowledge about their region's main IO to view immigrants favorably, which translates to support for immigration. We test our prediction by developing a finite mixture model that statistically accounts for the econometric challenges that emerge when uninformed individuals "save face" by disproportionately opting for the middle "status quo" category in ordinal survey response variables of immigration support. Results from the finite mixture model corroborate our prediction and are more reliable than estimates from a standard ordered probit model. (International Interactions (London)/ FUB)

International audience ; Within the framework of the potentialities opened up by domestic and international law, including European law, and sometimes beyond this framework, the French overseas territories corresponding to twelve nonsovereign territories, spread over three major geographic regions (Pacific Ocean, Atlantic and West Indies, Indian Ocean and Antarctic), are in a very variable situation with regard to their participation in regional international organizations. Some do not participate in any organization, others simply have observer status, some participate as an associate member and sometimes as a member. This situation is the result of a combination of legal and especially political factors, whether from the will of the territories themselves, the will of the French State or the members of the regional organizations concerned. ; Dans le cadre des potentialités ouvertes par le droit interne et le droit international, y compris le droit européen, et parfois au-delà de ce cadre, les outre-mer français correspondant à douze territoires non souverains, répartis dans trois grandes régions géographiques (océan Pacifique, Atlantique et Antilles, océan Indien et Antarctique), sont dans une situation très variable au regard de leur participation aux organisations internationales régionales. Certains ne participent à aucune organisation, d'autres ont simplement un statut d'observateur, quelques-uns participent en qualité de membre associé et parfois de membre. Cette situation résulte d'une combinaison de facteurs juridiques et surtout politiques qu'il s'agisse de la volonté des territoires eux-mêmes, de celle de l'État français ou des membres des organisations régionales concernées.

International audience ; Within the framework of the potentialities opened up by domestic and international law, including European law, and sometimes beyond this framework, the French overseas territories corresponding to twelve nonsovereign territories, spread over three major geographic regions (Pacific Ocean, Atlantic and West Indies, Indian Ocean and Antarctic), are in a very variable situation with regard to their participation in regional international organizations. Some do not participate in any organization, others simply have observer status, some participate as an associate member and sometimes as a member. This situation is the result of a combination of legal and especially political factors, whether from the will of the territories themselves, the will of the French State or the members of the regional organizations concerned. ; Dans le cadre des potentialités ouvertes par le droit interne et le droit international, y compris le droit européen, et parfois au-delà de ce cadre, les outre-mer français correspondant à douze territoires non souverains, répartis dans trois grandes régions géographiques (océan Pacifique, Atlantique et Antilles, océan Indien et Antarctique), sont dans une situation très variable au regard de leur participation aux organisations internationales régionales. Certains ne participent à aucune organisation, d'autres ont simplement un statut d'observateur, quelques-uns participent en qualité de membre associé et parfois de membre. Cette situation résulte d'une combinaison de facteurs juridiques et surtout politiques qu'il s'agisse de la volonté des territoires eux-mêmes, de celle de l'État français ou des membres des organisations régionales concernées.

International audience ; Within the framework of the potentialities opened up by domestic and international law, including European law, and sometimes beyond this framework, the French overseas territories corresponding to twelve nonsovereign territories, spread over three major geographic regions (Pacific Ocean, Atlantic and West Indies, Indian Ocean and Antarctic), are in a very variable situation with regard to their participation in regional international organizations. Some do not participate in any organization, others simply have observer status, some participate as an associate member and sometimes as a member. This situation is the result of a combination of legal and especially political factors, whether from the will of the territories themselves, the will of the French State or the members of the regional organizations concerned. ; Dans le cadre des potentialités ouvertes par le droit interne et le droit international, y compris le droit européen, et parfois au-delà de ce cadre, les outre-mer français correspondant à douze territoires non souverains, répartis dans trois grandes régions géographiques (océan Pacifique, Atlantique et Antilles, océan Indien et Antarctique), sont dans une situation très variable au regard de leur participation aux organisations internationales régionales. Certains ne participent à aucune organisation, d'autres ont simplement un statut d'observateur, quelques-uns participent en qualité de membre associé et parfois de membre. Cette situation résulte d'une combinaison de facteurs juridiques et surtout politiques qu'il s'agisse de la volonté des territoires eux-mêmes, de celle de l'État français ou des membres des organisations régionales concernées.