The subject of soil-cement has been dealt with at some length. Developments in other countries in runway construction embodying soil-cement are reviewed and an account of Heavy Duty Military airport having soil-cement runway is furnished. Soils of India have been examined to determine their suitability for cement stabilisation. It is proposed that a percentage water stability of 80should be a good criterion of suitability of a given soil. Salient features of soil-cement construction are presented here and large scale field trials prior to adopting construction of soil-cement runways in the near future have been recommended.
"This book provides a contemporary look at spaceports, not only from relevant technological drivers, policies, and legal perspectives, but also from impacts associated with airspace use and aviation stakeholders; economic, business, financial, and environmental considerations; issues facing airports transitioning to air and space ports; as well as spaceport planning. Through case and event studies, research and analysis, along with information obtained through professional experience, this book provides an overview of the many benefits, unique challenges, and issues facing commercial spaceports and spaceport operators. Each chapter is a stand-alone key topic such that the reader can focus on the most compelling issues relevant for him/her or can view the book as an integrated whole for a full perspective. While examples and case studies come largely from the United States, the reader can draw conclusions that are independent of country and situation. Also, information on other nation state policies, advancements, and endeavors, among other topics, is provided to give a global perspective, further expanding the relevancy and benefits of the book to both the domestic and international audiences An Introduction to the Spaceport Industry: Runways to Space fills a gap in the literature, providing students, professors and researchers with deep insights into the fast-growing commercial spaceport industry"--
Testimony issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "This testimony discusses challenges associated with building new runways and with ensuring that existing runways are properly maintained. Recent flight delays and cancellations as well as significant media attention have heightened public concern about the need to increase the capacity of the National Airspace System. According to the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), 24 of the nation's 50 busiest commercial service airports have proposed, planned, or begun construction on new runways and runway extensions at an estimated cost of $6.5 billion. Airports and FAA face challenges in building new runways and in determining at what point runway pavement conditions warrant repair in order for existing runways to be maintained in the most cost-effective manner. The federal government and the aviation industry are involved in several efforts to balance airports' growth with environmental concerns and to address runway maintenance in a cost-effective way. Additional actions would help minimize some delays associated with adding capacity and problems with preserving existing capacity."
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A letter report issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "Aviation experts believe that building runways is one key way to address airport capacity issues and prevent delays that can affect the entire U.S. economy, but runway projects are often controversial and time-consuming. GAO was asked to examine how much time airports spend completing runways, what challenges airports and other stakeholders experience during this process, and what airports and other stakeholders have done to address challenges related to runway projects. GAO analyzed the results of surveys from 30 airports on 32 runway projects and visited 5 airports in order to interview numerous runway project stakeholders. The Department of Transportation agreed with GAO's characterization of the challenges associated with building runways and some of the initiatives taken to address these challenges. They did express some concerns related to GAO's analysis of the time airports spent or estimated spending in developing runways, and suggested that GAO acknowledge additional FAA efforts to improve the runway process. We believe that our approach was a reasonable assessment of the amount of time taken to build runways; however, we clarified our discussion about the length of time. We also added information regarding initiatives undertaken by FAA."
Desde hace décadas las transformistas venezolanas han 'desfilado' sobre la avenida Libertador en Caracas para exhibirse y ejercer el trabajo sexual. En Venezuela "transformista" se refiere a una persona asignada sexo masculino que ocupa género femenino. Este ensayo propone entender la ocupación transformista de la avenida en el marco de la teoría queer of color y la modernidad venezolana. La avenida Libertador es un espacio urbano desarrollado tras un largo proceso de modernización. Se ha dicho que la avenida Libertador nace con la democracia. A través de su ubicación en esta avenida las transformistas negocian la modernidad sobre sus cuerpos y en el imaginario urbano caraqueño. De la pasarela al 'perolón', las transformistas proyectan una presencia imponente sobre esta tarima, que les brinda visibilidad mientras simultáneamente las somete a violencias increíbles. ; For decades, transformationist Venezuelans have 'paraded' along the Avenue of the Liberator in Caracas to exhibit themselves and exercise their trade as sex workers. In Venezuela, the word "transformationist" refers to a persona assigned the masculine sex who occupies the female gender. This essay is an attempt at understanding the transformationist role of the avenue within the framework of queer of color theory and Venezuelan modernity. The Avenue of the Liberator is an urban space developed in the course of a long modernizations process. It is said that the Avenue of the Liberator was born with democracy. Through their location on this avenue, the transformationists negotiate modernity with their bodies and in the Caracas imaginary. From the runway to the 'perolón', the transformationists project a powerful presence on this stage that renders them visible while, simultaneously, subjecting them to incredible violence.
The braking performance of a nine-place, light, twin-engine airplane was evaluated on comparative grooved and ungrooved surfaces of the landing research runway at NASA Wallops Station. The test airplane was equipped with manual braking on the main wheels of the tricycle landing gear, and its weight varied from 33.4 to 35.6 kN (7500 to 8000 Ib). The test results indicate that pavement grooving significantly improves aircraft braking and directional control on wet runways. Measurements and observations of airplane tire treads made during this test program showed no indication of unusual wear and/or damage attributable to grooved surfaces. Comparative braking data obtained with a jet fighter and a civil and a military jet transport are also presented. ; Includes bibliographical references (p. 13-14). ; The braking performance of a nine-place, light, twin-engine airplane was evaluated on comparative grooved and ungrooved surfaces of the landing research runway at NASA Wallops Station. The test airplane was equipped with manual braking on the main wheels of the tricycle landing gear, and its weight varied from 33.4 to 35.6 kN (7500 to 8000 Ib). The test results indicate that pavement grooving significantly improves aircraft braking and directional control on wet runways. Measurements and observations of airplane tire treads made during this test program showed no indication of unusual wear and/or damage attributable to grooved surfaces. Comparative braking data obtained with a jet fighter and a civil and a military jet transport are also presented. ; Mode of access: Internet.
