Suchergebnisse

This project presents finings from the Cook County Community Survey regarding public opinion of policing in cook county. In it I analyze data that explains how people that self-identify into different racial/ethnic groups and political parties view police budgets and the role of police in society differently from one another.

Abstract
Despite the increased emphasis on best practices and evidence-based policing, creating a change culture in police services has remained elusive. Few police agencies have developed the capacity to assess the effectiveness and efficiency of their operations, and there has often been a lack of innovative police leadership to lead reform efforts. This article presents a case study of a municipal police service that transformed the delivery of patrol services and, in so doing, altered the culture of the organization. The role played by an independent review of the department's patrol division, the service delivery model that was developed, and the strategies used by senior management to secure buy-in from the membership via a department-wide collaborative process are discussed. The discussion concludes with the identification of key requirements for police leaders to create a change culture in their police services and, in so doing, improve the effectiveness and efficiency of the delivery of police services.

Abstract
According to evidence from the Crime Survey for England and Wales (CSEW), there have been significant falls in crime levels in England and Wales since the 1990s. Many hypotheses have been proposed to explain these falls. However, there is scarce research on the role of the number of police officers in bringing about the crime drop in the UK. We fitted multilevel models to analyse the role of the number of police officers in the crime drop in England between 1991 and 2001 using a variety of data sources, including police recorded crime data, UK Census data, and police workforce data. We found that the role of police officer strength in the crime drop in England was limited to vehicle thefts, thefts from vehicle, and thefts from person. Given the relatively mixed picture, we recommend that police forces should focus on what newly recruited police officers do and where they are deployed, as opposed to becoming too focussed on the number of officers. More implications of the findings in relation to the recent Police Uplift Programme are discussed.

A wide-ranging, cross-national survey of police forces suggests that police should be understood in terms not just of crime control but also in terms of maintenance of particular state systems. The US & GB models are atypical insofar as they are decentralized &, until recently, unmilitarized. Most police forces are arms of the central state. Two changes are occurring in Third-World police forces: increasing militarization (though many colonial police had military wings) & increasing use of ethnic criteria in recruitment. The two trends converge when state elites act to ensure that the militarized arms of police are composed of ethnic group members most politically allied to the regime. Both trends affect state-ethnic group relations. Police forces need to be studied in the context of the evolution of political systems. It may be that Third-World & industrialized systems are pursuing very similar paths with regard to the police. Ethnic sensitivity & militarization are, for instance, both increasing now in the US & British police, along with growing centralization. AA.