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Binder's title. ; Municipal ordinances . pertaining to public health, 1916 / United States. Public Health Service -- Court decisions pertaining to the public health . 1916 / United States. Public Health Service -- Stream pollution / S.D. Montgomery -- Venerial disease legislation / United States. Public Health Service. ; Mode of access: Internet.

A letter report issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "The number of Tuberculosis (TB) and multidrug-resistant TB cases in the United States has declined steadily since 1992. However, continued vigilance is needed to further reduce TB rates. A resurgence of the disease in the late 1980s and early 1990s was linked to a relaxation of TB control efforts. Data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the World Health Organization suggest that the presence of TB as a major public health problem in other countries has likely been a key contributor to the number of new cases in the United States. As a result, the United States has undertaken several initiatives to control global TB, including providing funding and technical assistance for TB control programs."

Intro -- STRATEGY AND SCIENCE AT THE FDA: PLANS, GOALS AND CHALLENGES FOR THE FUTURE -- STRATEGY AND SCIENCE AT THE FDA: PLANS, GOALS AND CHALLENGES FOR THE FUTURE -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- Chapter 1 STRATEGIC PRIORITIES 2011 - 2015: RESPONDING TO THE PUBLIC HEALTH CHALLENGES OF THE 21ST CENTURY -- MESSAGE FROM THE COMMISSIONER -- 1.0. INTRODUCTION -- 1.1. MISSION AND VISION HHS MISSION -- FDA Mission -- Vision -- 1.2. PURPOSE OF THIS DOCUMENT -- 1.3. GUIDING PRINCIPLES -- Science-Based Decision Making -- Innovation/Collaboration -- Transparency -- Accountability -- 2.0. CROSS-CUTTING STRATEGIC PRIORITIES -- 2.1. ADVANCE REGULATORY SCIENCE AND INNOVATION -- 2.2. STRENGTHEN THE SAFETY AND INTEGRITY OF THE GLOBAL SUPPLY CHAIN -- 2.3. STRENGTHEN COMPLIANCE AND ENFORCEMENT ACTIVITIES TO SUPPORT PUBLIC HEALTH -- 2.4. EXPAND EFFORTS TO MEET THE NEEDS OF SPECIAL POPULATIONS -- 2.5. ADVANCE MEDICAL COUNTERMEASURES AND EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS -- 3.0. STRATEGIC GOALS AND LONG-TERM OBJECTIVES -- 3.1. Advance Food Safety and Nutrition -- 3.1.1. Ensure the Safety of the Food Supply from Farm to Table -- Trends and Challenges -- 3.1.2. Promote Healthy Dietary Practices and Nutrition -- Trends and Challenges -- 3.2. PROMOTE PUBLIC HEALTH BY ADVANCING THE SAFETY AND EFFECTIVENESS OF MEDICAL PRODUCTS -- 3.2.1. Advance Human Drug Safety and Effectiveness -- Trends and Challenges -- 3.2.2. Advance Biologics Safety and Effectiveness -- Trends and Challenges -- 3.2.3. Advance Animal Drug Safety and Effectiveness -- Trends and Challenges -- 3.2.4. Advance Medical Device Safety and Effectiveness -- Trends and Challenges -- 3.3. ESTABLISH AN EFFECTIVE TOBACCO REGULATION, PREVENTION, AND CONTROL PROGRAM -- Trends and Challenges -- 3.4. MANAGE FOR ORGANIZATIONAL EXCELLENCE AND ACCOUNTABILITY -- Human Capital Management -- Financial Management -- Information Technology (IT)

FrontMatter -- Reviewers -- Contents -- Preface: Introduction to the Series of Reports -- Summary -- 1 Introduction: Why Law and Why Now? -- 2 The Law and Public Health Infrastructure -- 3 Law and the Public's Health: Law as a Tool for Improving Population Health -- 4 Intersectoral Action on Health -- Appendix A: Acronyms -- Appendix B: Meetings Agendas Held by the Committee on Public Health Strategies to Improve Health (May 2010-December 2010) -- Appendix C: Committee Biosketches.

The passage of universal helmet legislation requiring motorcycle riders of all ages to wear helmets is a timely and controversial issue with far-reaching public health implications, especially as the number of motorcycle fatalities continues to rise. In 2008, only 20 states had a universal helmet policy, an effective safety measure for reducing motorcycle fatalities and serious injuries.

For the past three decades, legislative approaches to prevent HIV transmission have been used at the national, state, and local levels. One punitive legislative approach has been enactment of laws that criminalize behaviors associated with HIV exposure (HIV-specific criminal laws). In the USA, HIV-specific criminal laws have largely been shaped by state laws. These laws impose criminal penalties on persons who know they have HIV and subsequently engage in certain behaviors, most commonly sexual activity without prior disclosure of HIV-positive serostatus. These laws have been subject to intense public debate. Using public health law research methods, data from the legal database WestlawNext© were analyzed to describe the prevalence and characteristics of laws that criminalize potential HIV exposure in the 50 states (plus the District of Columbia) and to examine the implications of these laws for public health practice. The first state laws were enacted in 1986; as of 2011 a total of 67 laws had been enacted in 33 states. By 1995, nearly two-thirds of all laws had been enacted; by 2000, 85 % of laws had been enacted; and since 2000, an additional 10 laws have been enacted. Twenty-four states require persons who are aware that they have HIV to disclose their status to sexual partners and 14 states require disclosure to needle-sharing partners. Twenty-five states criminalize one or more behaviors that pose a low or negligible risk for HIV transmission. Nearly two-thirds of states in the USA have legislation that criminalizes potential HIV exposure. Many of these laws criminalize behaviors that pose low or negligible risk for HIV transmission. The majority of laws were passed before studies showed that antiretroviral therapy (ART) reduces HIV transmission risk and most laws do not account for HIV prevention measures that reduce transmission risk, such as condom use, ART, or pre-exposure prophylaxis. States with HIV-specific criminal laws are encouraged to use the findings of this paper to re-examine those laws, ...

The COVID-19 pandemic lay bare the vulnerabilities of some countries' public health responses and praise for others. Comparative law review in public health responses may glean lessons for the United States. For example, the United States had not had a pandemic of this magnitude in over a century and was reluctant to institute early masking policies. Meanwhile, the world raced for a COVID-19 vaccine. This begs the question of who will take the vaccine. Will—or can—governments force their citizens to be inoculated? Global comparisons in personal liberty, freedom, bodily autonomy, and how to parent intersect at the right to (or not to) mask and vaccinate debate. This Comment compares laws with various countries against a cultural and political backdrop, such as masking differences in the East and West, vaccines and the resurgence of eradicated diseases in the United States, how an authoritative, military dictatorship in Argentina implemented vaccine laws on its citizens, and how the past atrocities the people of the Democratic Republic of the Congo faced is influencing their vaccination rates and subsequent measles and Ebola virus outbreaks today. These global problems require global solutions.

Microfilmed for preservation ; "Amendment to the regulations . February 1921": 2 p. inserted between pages [168] and 169. ; Mode of access: Internet.

Abstract We conducted a comprehensive review of state workers' compensation laws in the United States to evaluate the extent to which they support first responders with mental injury. Most state workers' compensation systems divide mental injuries into categories based on their presumed etiology: physical-mental, mental-physical, and mental-mental. Major differences exist among states as to which workers are eligible. Proving workplace causation can be difficult where no traumatic physical injuries exist. Latency periods, time limits, preexisting health conditions, restrictions as to types of condition covered, and complex chains of causation may make this burden, which falls on the claimant, even more challenging. Only nine (9) states enacted presumption of causation laws for mental health conditions to ease claimants' burden of proof. This contrasts starkly with presumption laws for chronic and infectious diseases. State decision-makers should create presumptions that mental health conditions in first responders are caused or significantly exacerbated by their stressful workplaces.

Existing research on voting legislation argues that Republican lawmakers enact strict voting laws as part of a racialized, partisan electoral strategy—they believe that the laws will reduce minority turnout and benefit Republicans electorally. Yet, the empirical effects of strict voting laws on turnout are mixed, with some studies finding that restrictive legislation can actually increase minority turnout due to counter-mobilization effects. I leverage this empirical finding to study the foundations of public attitudes toward voting laws, specifically testing whether exposure to information that restrictive voting laws can boost minority turnout impacts Republicans' or Democrats' attitudes. My results show that Republican support for restrictive voting laws generally does not change in response to information about the consequences of the laws, but Democrats are significantly less opposed when they become aware of the laws' potential impact on minority turnout. These results pose challenges for building majorities that will defend the franchise in the United States.

"Measured in terms of morbidity and mortality, plague has never been a major public health problem in the United States, but, in terms of latent danger and the total cost of suppressive measures during the past 50 years, it cannot be placed in a minor classification. This disease, which has been one of the world's greatest killers, has forced the spending of large amounts of money on efforts to keep it out of this country, to suppress the epidemics which did gain a foothold, and to control or eradicate epizootics in domestic and wild rodents. Modern methods of rodent and ectoparasite control, together with almost specific therapeutic drugs, have decreased the potential danger from plague. Arrival at this turning point makes it particularly fitting to review the accomplishments of the past five decades, to summarize the cooperative efforts of the Public Health Service and the State health departments, and to emphasize specific contributions by individuals of the Public Health Service." - p. iii ; I. Introduction -- II. The first San Francisco epidemic -- III. The second San Francisco epidemic, including other bay area cities -- IV. Plague in Seattle -- V. Plague in wild animals -- VI. The New Orleans epidemics -- VII. Plague in gulf coast cities -- VIII. Los Angeles pneumonic plague outbreak -- IX. Maritime quarantine measures -- X. Plague in the Territory of Hawaii -- XI. Plague in Puerto Rico -- X II. Modern plague control methods -- X III. Treatment and prophylaxis of plague -- References -- Appendix Summary of cases of human plague in the United States, 1900-1951 -- Human plague in the United States, by year and State, 1900-1951 -- Age-sex distribution of human cases of plague in the United States, 1900-1951 -- Observed seasonal distribution of human plague in the United States, 1950-51 -- Human plague in 36 counties in 12 States, 1900-1951 -- Counties in the United States where human plague lias occurred, 1900-1951 -- Human plague on ships arriving at United States ports, 1899-1926 -- Cases of animal plague reported in the United States, 1902-51 -- Animals examined and positive results in the United States, fiscal years 1903-50 -- Counties in the United States surveyed for animal plague, 1900- 1950 -- Rodent plague on ships arriving at United States ports, 1910-26 -- Animal sources of plague-positive ectoparasites, by State -- Publications on plague by Public Health Service officers ; Vernon B. Link, M.D., M.P.H. ; Dr. Link is deputy officer in charge of the Communicable Disease Center, Bureau of State Services, Public Health Service, Atlanta, Ga. Before coming to the center, he was stationed at the Public. Health Service's Plague Laboratory at San Francisco, where he was deputy medical officer in charge from June 1943 to November 1950 and medical officer in charge from December 1950 to February 1952. Dr. Link is a member of the World Health Organization's Expert Advisory Panel on Plague for the 5-year term 1952-57. ; Includes bibliographical references. ; Publications on plague by Public Health Service officers: p. 114-120.

Aimed to determine the extent of legislative reliance upon the schools to solve problems of health and safety. A further aim was to examine trends in the problems that the legislatures present to the educational systems of their states for solution. (JLN)