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National security has become a hotly debated issue since September 11, 2001. National security has always been of great concern to the government; however former Defense Secretary McNamara's thoughts indicate that national security has now also become an important topic for all individuals to consider.2 The "policy and process" of U.S. national security has evolved significantly throughout this country's history, particularly in the years since September 11.

On April 22, 2010, the Bush School of Government and Public Service and the Strategic Studies Institute, U.S. Army War College co-sponsored a colloquium in Washington, DC, on a midterm assessment of leadership and national security reform in the Obama administration. Panelists included experts from the Project on National Security Reform; the Foreign Policy Research Institute; the Hudson Institute; the Council on Foreign Relations; the Reserve Officers Association; the American Security Project; and Creative Associates International, Inc. The colloquium theme focused on the need for advancing the research and study of national security reform by engaging the invited participants to share their expertise on ways to develop a deeper awareness and understanding of the reform issues facing the U.S. Government. Three panels of national security experts discussed: "Assessing National Security Reform"; "Legislative Imperatives"; and, "Assessing National Security Reform-The Way Forward." This book includes a summary of the panelists' presentations, along with chapters written after the colloquium to further address and to assess the effectiveness and the near-term potential for Obama administration's national security reform initiatives. ; "Strategic Studies Institute Book." ; "August 2011." ; Includes bibliographical references. ; Introduction : strategic assessments and national security reform / Joseph R. Cerami, Jared E. Bennett, and Robert H. Dorff -- Grading the government : a mid-term national security assessment / James Jay Carafano -- Five heretical suggestions : addressing civil-military tensions / Bernard I. Finel -- Congressional national security reform during the Obama administration / James R. Locher III -- Congressional national security reform : a mid-Obama administration review / Richard Weitz -- The National Security Council System : it's not much, but we like it / Harvey Sicherman -- Assessing the United States in Afghanistan : the record and the range of choice / Joseph J. Collins -- Stabilization and reconstruction in conflict and post-conflict since 9/11 / James Stephenson -- Our strategic assessment "system" needs an overhaul : summary and concluding thoughts / Matthew Harber. ; On April 22, 2010, the Bush School of Government and Public Service and the Strategic Studies Institute, U.S. Army War College co-sponsored a colloquium in Washington, DC, on a midterm assessment of leadership and national security reform in the Obama administration. Panelists included experts from the Project on National Security Reform; the Foreign Policy Research Institute; the Hudson Institute; the Council on Foreign Relations; the Reserve Officers Association; the American Security Project; and Creative Associates International, Inc. The colloquium theme focused on the need for advancing the research and study of national security reform by engaging the invited participants to share their expertise on ways to develop a deeper awareness and understanding of the reform issues facing the U.S. Government. Three panels of national security experts discussed: "Assessing National Security Reform"; "Legislative Imperatives"; and, "Assessing National Security Reform-The Way Forward." This book includes a summary of the panelists' presentations, along with chapters written after the colloquium to further address and to assess the effectiveness and the near-term potential for Obama administration's national security reform initiatives. ; Mode of access: Internet.

Introduction : how should we think about national security reform? / Heidi B. Demarest -- The durable national security act / Richard K. Betts -- Improving strategic assessment in the executive branch : lessons from the scholarly literature / Risa A. Brooks -- Bent but not broken? : inter-branch politics, checks and balances, and the contemporary national security state / Douglas L. Kriner -- Contradictions in U.S. security planning for a global environment and a process approach to solving them / Deborah Avant -- What have we learned about how presidents organize for national security decision making, 1947-2017 / Meena Bose -- Toward a smaller White House national security staff : a look at the present in historical perspective / I.M. (Mac) Destler -- How we decide what we need : planning the future force / David S.C. Chu, with the assistance of Allison F. Taylor -- Global challenges and American grand strategy for the 21st century / Walter Russell Mead -- Security challenges in the post-unipolar era / Andrew F. Krepinevich, Jr -- Global challenges, U.S. national security strategy, and defense organization / Thomas G. Mahnken -- The diffusion of power and the organization of the U.S. national security establishment / Barry R. Posen -- Conclusion / Erica D. Borghard -- Afterword : national security reform for a new era : an agenda for policymakers

In Washington, DC, on June 24, 2009, the Bush School of Government and Public Service, the Scowcroft Institute of International Affairs at Texas A&M University, and the U.S. Army War College Strategic Studies Institute conducted a conference on Leadership and Government Reform. Two panels discussed "Leader Development in Schools of Public Affairs" and "Leadership, National Security, and 'Whole of Government' Reforms." The theme focused on the need for significant changes in leader development and government reform to improve the alignment, coordination, integration, and interoperability among largely autonomous U.S. Government agencies. The two conference panels were challenged to discuss leadership in a broader sense rather than focusing solely at the top, or on presidential leadership. The aim was to think more generally about reform-minded leadership from the top, middle, and entry levels, in order to better prepare the nation for the new security challenges of this still-young 21st century.

The unusual political fate of L.A. Tikhomirov, who went from a revolutionary narodnik and member of Narodnay Volya to an apologist of the Russian autocratic monarchy, still attracts the attention of humanities scholars. His monarchist ideas, which made him one of the classics of Russian conservative thought, are also actively studied. Moreover, L. Tikhomirov in his literary and public activities in the service of the autocracy showed himself as a true conservative reformer, who developed a whole system aimed at transforming the entire system of the Russian monarchy. The purpose of the article is to analyze the concept of "national reforms" proposed by L. Tikhomirov for the transformation of Russian government. His proposals included changes in the entire system of religious policy in the spirit of state-church symphony. Comprehensive reform of the state social and class policy in the form of the creation of peculiar corporations for the new social groups that emerged in the Russian Empire at the end of the 19th century. A return to a proper "governing policy" of the country, where there would be no overpowering bureaucracy and party politicking, and governance would utilize a combination of bureaucratic forces with social forces. His reform projects also included proposals for transformations in the socio-economic sphere. In this matter, L. Tikhomirov was a supporter of the creation of a self-sufficient, independent from the influence of external factors economy – autarky, developing under the aegis of the monarchical state that regulates all economic processes. The conclusion is that despite the authorities' rejection of his ideas and proposals in their entirety, some of them have not lost their relevance today. Among them, L. Tikhomirov's ideas about the importance of realizing Russia's historical place in the world as a bearer of original Orthodox culture deserve to be noted. His thoughts on the uniqueness of the Russian state-political system, which he deduced from the special geographical and political factors of our country's existence, and hence, in his opinion, the impossibility of absolute copying of Western European legal, economic and social models.