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Understanding and monitoring the diversity which lies under migrants' socio-professional integration trends is a challenge that both Governments and local administrations must be able to face. This paper is about a research project, developed under the EU initiative Equal, consisting in the establishment of a set of indicators of professional and social integration of migrant people in Italy, based on data collected from administrative and official sources. This work was carried out starting from a literature analysis of both theoretical and empirical experiences in the Italian context. The problem of the theoretical concept of migrants, foreigners and integration was discussed, as well as the matters concerning the dimensions of professional integration, the reliability of sources, the methodology, the operating definition of indicators and above all the correct interpretation of quantitative results, from the point of view of the level of integration. The set of indicators was empirically implemented for a first validation at a national, regional and local level, building annual time series from 1996 to 2001. Studying socio-economic migrants integration is a key challenge in order to offer tools for the implementation of policies able to promote equal opportunities of access and mobility in the labour market. Active policy promotion, i.e. the support of foreign people in the acquisition of the basic linguistic skills and in lifelong-learning, is a useful way not only to promote occupation but also to prevent discrimination problems in the workplace: the correct implementation of these policies is possible only if based on multidimensional analysis of migrants placement in the labour market.

This paper considers the form that the challenge of the introduction of new ways of working takes for those charged with the management of new partnerships by drawing on some of the research and other literature currently available. The paper introduces a case study from a large NHS hospital trust in the north of England (NorthTrust) that highlights the early efforts of a group of medical and information systems staff to create and introduce an integrated care pathway (ICP). Within the paper the ICP will stand as representative of efforts to introduce change in line with the desires of the government, Department of Health and local management to fulfil the need to develop and manage a system of integrated care. The paper concludes by returning to the questions outlined above and offers some insights and directions for further work into an empirical domain that must be one of the most complex and controversial within the public sector.

The need to understand the integration processes of trans individuals in the labor market is confirmed by the literature review in this paper, which supports the scarce existence of studies focused on their life experiences outside of pathological contexts or from perspectives of invisibility/violence (including in the professional dimension). This study aims to comprehend the professional experiences of the trans population and understand how mechanisms of discrimination operate in the labor market. Semi-structured interviews with representatives from Portuguese LGBTQ+ associations (n = 6) were conducted between 10 March and 26 April 2021 and analyzed with MAXQDA 2022. The results underscored the importance of the topic and the complex hurdles trans individuals encounter at work, emphasizing the vital support of LGBTQ+ associations in tackling these issues and stressing the urgency of comprehending the vulnerability and discrimination trans people face in employment. The implications of the study underscore the urgent need for concerted efforts from policymakers, employers, civil society organizations, and the broader community to address the systemic barriers faced by trans individuals in the workplace. Future research and advocacy efforts should continue to address the systemic barriers to workplace integration and strive toward creating more inclusive and supportive environments for the trans population.

This article presents the findings of a cross-sectional study of 131 Israeli Jewish and Arab social workers that aimed to predict the probability that social workers would integrate clients' religion and spirituality in practice. The study is the first of its kind in Israel. Findings showed that social workers have favourable attitudes and high levels of self-efficacy. However, study participants reported low feasibility and even lower levels of engagement of clients' religious and spiritual beliefs in practice. One variable, age, emerged as a significant predictor of such integration. Integration of religion and spirituality in practice remains the professional's personal choice.

Internationally, policies for attracting highly-skilled migrants have become the guidelines mainly used by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries. Governments are implementing specific procedures to capture and facilitate their mobility. However, all professions are not equal when it comes to welcoming highly-skilled migrants. The medical profession, as a protective market, is one of these. Taking the case of non-EU/EEA doctors in France, this paper shows that the medical profession defined as the closed labour market, remains the most controversial in terms of professional integration of migrants, protectionist barriers to migrant competition and challenge of medical shortage. Based on the path-dependency approach, this paper argues that non-EU/EEA doctors' issues in France derive from a complex historical process of interaction between standards settled in the past, particularly the historical power of medical corporatism, the unexpected long-term effects of French hospital reforms of 1958, and budgetary pressures. Theoretically, this paper shows two significant findings. Firstly, the French medical system has undergone a series of transformations unthinkable in the strict sense of a path-dependence approach: an opening of the medical profession to foreign physicians in the context of the Europeanisation of public policy, acceptance of non-EU/EEA doctors in a context of medical shortage and budgetary pressures. Secondly, there is no change of the overall paradigm: significantly, the recruitment policies of non-EU/EEA doctors continue to highlight the imprint of the past and reveal a significant persistence of prejudices. Non-EU/EEA doctors are not considered legitimate doctors even if they have the qualifications of physicians which are legitimate in their country and which can be recognised in other receiving countries.

Internationally, policies for attracting highly-skilled migrants have become the guidelines mainly used by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries. Governments are implementing specific procedures to capture and facilitate their mobility. However, all professions are not equal when it comes to welcoming highly-skilled migrants. The medical profession, as a protective market, is one of these. Taking the case of non-EU/EEA doctors in France, this paper shows that the medical profession defined as the closed labour market, remains the most controversial in terms of professional integration of migrants, protectionist barriers to migrant competition and challenge of medical shortage. Based on the path-dependency approach, this paper argues that non-EU/EEA doctors' issues in France derive from a complex historical process of interaction between standards settled in the past, particularly the historical power of medical corporatism, the unexpected long-term effects of French hospital reforms of 1958, and budgetary pressures. Theoretically, this paper shows two significant findings. Firstly, the French medical system has undergone a series of transformations unthinkable in the strict sense of a path-dependence approach: an opening of the medical profession to foreign physicians in the context of the Europeanisation of public policy, acceptance of non-EU/EEA doctors in a context of medical shortage and budgetary pressures. Secondly, there is no change of the overall paradigm: significantly, the recruitment policies of non-EU/EEA doctors continue to highlight the imprint of the past and reveal a significant persistence of prejudices. Non-EU/EEA doctors are not considered legitimate doctors even if they have the qualifications of physicians which are legitimate in their country and which can be recognised in other receiving countries.

PurposeThe recruitment of international nurses has been used for a long time to address the global nurse shortage. In 2012, the employment of international nurses was released in Turkey. Cultural differences can hinder interpersonal relationships, and fostering strong interpersonal relationships among nurses in the workplace is known to have a positive impact on productivity, job satisfaction and the quality of care provided. This study aims to explore the lived experiences and perceptions of international nurses working in Turkey regarding their professional integration and interpersonal relationships in the workplace.Design/methodology/approachIt is a qualitative descriptive study. Face-to-face interviews were conducted with 19 international nurses using a semi-structured form. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis.FindingsData were presented into two themes: (1) Interpersonal relationships in the workplace and (2) Professional integration. Participants reported positive and negative experiences regarding interpersonal relationships in the work environment, such as warm and supportive approaches, or exclusionary and discriminatory behaviors. The existence of different nursing practices, positive and negative factors concerning orientation programs and the gain of experience and professional satisfaction were mentioned by the participants.Originality/valueThis is the first study to explore the lived experiences and perceptions of international nurses working in Turkey. The study highlights the unique needs and challenges faced by international nurses during workplace adaptation and provides practical recommendations to facilitate interpersonal relationships in the workplace and other aspects related to professional integration from hiring to the end of the adaptation period.

The social integration of people with disabilities must be achieved as early as possible in order for future professional integration to be achievable. Children with disabilities must have an adequate education, which will support them for further development, be adapted to what each one can and especially be pleasant and determine the beneficiary to "give" what is best in him. A society is all the more developed as it pays more attention to vulnerable groups, an indication that we are with our fellow human beings in the deadlock and try to keep them close. Education is always in a permanent restructuring and development, an eternal reform, justified by the dynamics of society. After the 1990s, with the democratization of schools and equal opportunities, education paid more attention to children with disabilities and / or other SEN. The absence of socialization on young people with disabilities makes them largely dependent on their family and the school environment they attended. This is mainly felt after the age of 18-20, when they leave the education system and try to integrate professionally. Even if they have a degree of independence, they cannot always cope without the support of their family. The role of the family is fundamental, both in terms of medical and psychological recovery and in terms of integration and education for society. A child may be abandoned in a corner of the bed, becoming compulsively swaying or, on the contrary, may be enrolled in school, taken to a psychologist, speech therapist, doctor, socially integrated. After graduating from school, parents will try to solve the problem of professional integration, provided they are supported and have access to the basic information needed to go through this process. "Where am I? Who should I address? What possibilities do I have? What are the prospects? Where can I find this information?" – These are just a few questions that bother the legal representatives of people with disabilities.

This article presents the synthesis of a research aimed to identify the relevance of emotional intelligence and attitude towards work in relation to the professional integration of people with disabilities. We analyzed the employment status in the labor market and the education level in order to diagnose the extent to which these two factors can increase the degree of insertion. As a result of the statistical analysis, both in terms of emotional intelligence and attitude towards work, we found that there are no significant differences between the dependent variables. In this context, we believe that all people with disabilities have an equal chance at a professional life and to integrate into society. Education for self-knowledge, the development of professional and social skills, as well as the realization of individualized programs of professional integration are a necessity for people with disabilities.

This paper gives an account of a part of a wider research carried out on 12 italian Regions by title Experimental project of monitoring, evaluation and dissemination of knowledge on governance and national plans, regional and area plans within the policies of inclusion. In particular, it analizes the dimension of professional integration, both at the regulatory and daily practice levels. It clearly appears the shared conviction at the various levels for the need to operate in a way that is ever more oriented to integration, in so far as it represents a strategic means of welfare construction for citizens. In addition, in some regions testimonies of positive integration have been collected, especially in the field of non-self-sufficiency. Naturally, there are many difficulties that often make integration a practice entrusted to the goodwill of the health care professionals, rather than a process fully integrated in a system of policies and services.