Suchergebnisse

1. Introduction : what is poststructuralism? -- 2. Poststructuralism as deconstruction : Jacques Derrida's Of grammatology -- 3. Poststructuralism as philosophy of difference : Gilles Deleuze's Difference and repetition -- 4. Poststructuralism as philosophy of the event : Lyotard's Discours, figure -- 5. Poststructuralism, history, genealogy : Michel Foucault's The archaeology of knowledge -- 6. Poststructuralism, psychoanalysis, linguistics : Julia Kristeva's Revolution in poetic language -- 7. Poststructuralism into the future.

In this essay, I discuss the vitality and the limits of the poststructural archive. I argue against the temptation to essentialise poststructuralism or define its 'ontology', instead I present some of the avenues that can be taken to further its theoretical practice. With Trump and the rise of 'post-truth' politics, poststructural political thought has recently come back to the centre of political debate. By using Pierre Macherey and François Châtelet's perspective on Marxism, I turn to contemporary problems and studies to imagine how to renew the poststructuralist experience of thought. Following Boris Groys, I suggest that by producing theory as form, artists had a more immediate recourse to theoretical practice, by using all sorts of media to perform knowledge. Finally, by mainly referring to the work of Gilles Deleuze and Michel Foucault, I present some elements of a poststructural critique of political economy. I do this not by forcing the application of poststructural theories or concepts onto a supposedly external reality, but by immanently integrating more and more social and political problems into the schemes of thought. A poststructural theoretical practice means integrating into thought problems and events, in order to compose with them, and not simply study discursive strategies.

"Poststructuralism and Security" published on by Oxford University Press.

Idea, event, ideology / Iain MacKenzie -- Ideology and imaginary / Caroline Williams -- A world beyond ideology? / Robert Porter -- City life and the conditions of possibility of an ideology-proof subject / Kieran Keohane -- Rehabilitating ideology after poststructuralism / Siniša Malešević -- The dialectics of the real / Diana Coole -- Ideology, language and discursive psychology / Michael Billig -- The birth of the subject and the use of truth / Mark Haugaard

This article maps debates within poststructuralism, particularly poststructuralist political theory. I argue that the category, or question, of representation can make sense of theoretical and political debates within poststructuralism in general and poststructuralist political theory in particular. Poststructuralists criticise all forms of presence, whether the presence of the subject, identities or structures. Following poststructuralism, representation can no longer be seen as the reflection of a presence. However, while poststructuralists agree on the turn away from presence, they disagree where to turn and, specifically, on the role and nature of representation. They disagree whether representation is constitutive, and they disagree about how to relate to the hierarchy and violence which, they all agree, is a part of representation. The question of representation may not explain all divisions among poststructuralists, but the question of representation divides poststructuralism in so many ways that it makes sense to analyse the differences among them through the lens of representation. I first look at two issues central to poststructuralism: critique and how to relate to 'the other'. In the second half of the article, I turn to look at three debates within poststructuralism: immanence versus transcendence, abundance versus lack, and autonomy versus hegemony.

In this article, I discuss the vitality and the limits of the poststructural archive. I argue against the temptation to essentialise poststructuralism or define its 'ontology'; instead, I present some of the avenues that can be taken to further its theoretical practice. With Trump and the rise of 'post-truth' politics, poststructural political thought has recently come back to the centre of political debate. By using Pierre Macherey and François Châtelet's perspective on Marxism, I turn to contemporary problems and studies to imagine how to renew the poststructuralist experience of thought. Following Boris Groys, I suggest that by producing theory as form, artists had a more immediate recourse to theoretical practice, by using all sorts of media to perform knowledge. Finally, by mainly referring to the work of Gilles Deleuze and Michel Foucault, I present some elements of a poststructural critique of political economy. I do this not by forcing the application of poststructural theories or concepts onto a supposedly external reality, but by immanently integrating more and more social and political problems into the schemes of thought. A poststructural theoretical practice means integrating into thought problems and events, in order to compose with them, and not simply study discursive strategies.

Asks how poststructuralism can inform political reflection. Suggests one can make poststructuralism speak its truth in the various idioms of political reflection as it has been traditionally conceived or look at it from the viewpoint of the poststructuralists. Attempts to explore the deep tension between poststructuralism and traditional modes of political thinking and speculates on a model which combines the two. (JLN)

In recent years, actor-network theory (ANT) has become an increasingly influential theoretical framework through which to analyse economic markets and organizations. Indeed, with its emphasis on the power of social and natural concrete 'things' to become contingently enrolled in different networks, many argue that ANT successfully draws attention to the complex intermeshing of new technologies and social actors in organizations and markets across spatial divides from the local to the global. This article argues, however, that within its own method of abstraction and research methodology, ANT separates 'concrete' and 'contingent' economic markets and organizations from their abstract, necessary and virtual capitalist form. This means that ANT will tend to over-identify with how concrete-contingent actor-networks are performed in empirical economic markets and organizations at the expense of analysing how such empirical contexts are also internally mediated through abstract capitalist processes such as that of surplus value extraction. This, in turn, creates a number of difficulties in how ANT investigates economic markets and organizations. These critical points are made by recourse to the Marxist poststructuralism of Deleuze and Guattari as well as through conventional Marxist ideas.

"Poststructuralism has long been acknowledged to offer a radical critique of the foundational subject as a precursor to affirming a constituted subject. Its detractors have however held that the resultant position cannot offer a coherent account of agency (strong version) or, alternatively, that while it may be able to account for non-subjective agency it is unable to develop a coherent explanation for subjective agency (weak version). Somewhat strangely, this issue has been largely ignored by commentators predisposed to poststructuralist thought. In contrast, this volume focuses on the works of Judith Butler, Cornelius Castoriadis, Gilles Deleuze, Jacques Derrida, Michel Foucault, Luce Irigaray, Jacques Lacan, and Catherine Malabou, to show that the question of the subject is a key one for many poststructuralist thinkers, that they are aware of the problematic status of agency that arises from their decentering of the foundational subject, and that they offer heterogeneous responses to it. Subjective Agency and Poststructuralism will therefore be an invaluable resource for researchers and advanced students interested in philosophy, political theory, psychoanalysis, critical theory, history of ideas, feminist theory, and cultural studies"--

Poststructuralism and complexity are plural and diverse modes of thought that share a common subscription to the `anteriority of radical relationality'. They nonetheless subscribe to a different ethic of life because they address the anteriority of radical relationality in different ways. Complexity remains strategic in its bid to become a power-knowledge of the laws of becoming. It derives that strategic ethic from its scientific interest in the implicate order of non-linearity that is said to subvert Newtonian science. Poststructuralism is poetic. It derives its poetic ethic from Heidegger and from the reworking of orphic and tragic sensibilities to radical relationality with the radically non-relational. Observing that all poetry is complexity avant la lettre, the article illustrates these points with the Odyssey and concludes that while complexity is ultimately concerned with fitness, poststructuralism is preoccupied with justice.

AbstractIn Of Grammatology Jacques Derrida describes the "necessary decentering" that took place in Western philosophy following "the becoming-legible of non-Western scripts," when the European intellectual tradition was forced to confront its civilizational others. Derrida positions himself as contributing to this decentering, displacing the value-laden binary opposition central to structuralism. But as Derrida explained, the "first decentering limits itself" by "recenter[ing] itself upon" what he calls "the 'Chinese' prejudice: all the philosophical projects of a universal script and of a universal language [which] encouraged seeing in the recently discovered Chinese script a model of the philosophical language thus removed from history." How has the approach to Chinese language and literature of that decentering known as poststructuralism limited itself or recentered itself, and how has sinology responded to the influence of poststructuralism? Insofar as the Chinese term for the Sinae (China) at the root of sinology is itself "middle" or "central" (中), how susceptible to decentering can sinology be? This article begins with a survey of poststructuralist writings about China by renowned post-structuralists, alongside responses to their work by sinologists and comparatists, arguing that poststructuralist writings tend to recenter themselves on a binary opposition between China and the West. The author then addresses the influence of poststructuralism on Chinese literary studies, to argue that the most successful poststructural decentering occurs in sinology when sinologists disseminate their decentering through a dissipated poststructuralism.

Poststructuralism is examined in relation to the declining significance of Marxism as a political ideology, arguing that poststructuralism's commitment to a philosophy of difference is misguided. Poststructuralism's potential to fill the ideology void left by Marxism is assessed, & its politics of uncentered difference is contrasted with the Marxist emphasis on solidarity & praxis. It is concluded that poststructuralism's dependence on a philosophy of difference, along with an incapacity to adequately theorize the process by which unity might be achieved through difference, makes it unlikely that poststructuralism will replace Marxism as the paramount emancipatory discourse.