Suchergebnisse

The review analyzes the monograph by Croatian historian Branko Ostajmer Narodna stranka u Slavoniji i Srijemu 1883.–1903. [The People's Party in Slavonia and Srem in 1883–1903] and considers the historiography, source base, structure, and content of the book. Not only does the author of the monograph contribute to the development of Croatian historiography, but he also polemicizes with his predecessors and contemporaries. The extant archival sources of the period studied by B. Ostajmer are not plentiful, so the book is largely based on periodicals. A specific feature of his work is the author's focus on the outstanding personalities of the era associated with the activities of the People's Party. In addition, it is necessary to highlight the author's analysis of Slavonism, a concept that is important for understanding the period and the region under study. B. Ostajmer studies the internal organization of the party and its electorate, including the interaction with individual social and ethnic groups, as well as the activities of the party in the context of Croat-Hungarian relations. Much space in the narrative is given to the figure of Croatian Ban K. Khuen-Héderváry, whose reign was taken as the chronological framework of the work. The book can be of interest to historians of parties and social movements of the Modern Era as well as specialists in Croatia, the Balkans, and Central Europe.

1. Terroir, Institutions and Improvements in European Wine History: an Introduction; Silvia A. Conca Messina, Stéphane Le Bras, Paolo Tedeschi, Manuel Vaquero Piñeiro -- 2. Bordeaux wine challenging cycles and competition (from the 1820s to present times); Hubert Bonin -- 3. Quantity is not Quality. Expansion and limits of wine-producing in Sicily; Francesco Dandolo -- 4. The Development and Promotion of Controlled Designations of Origin (Appellations d'Origine Contrôlées) in Burgundy: The Recognition of Terroir Wines (1884-1970); Olivier Jacquet -- 5. No more credit: Languedoc wines facing their reputation, 1850s-1970; Stéphane Le Bras -- 6. The wines of Apulia: the creation of a regional brand; Ezio Ritrovato -- 7. The Evolution of Catalan Winemaking in the 19th and 20th Centuries: Without wine merchants there is no Viticulture; Liorenç Ferrer-Alòs -- 8. Wine production, markets and institutions in Italy between 19th and early 20th centuries: A historical survey; Silvia A. Conca Messina -- 9. The Metonymical Institutionalisation of Wine Production and Consumption in Luxembourg. Convergence of Terroir Typicity, Political Symbolism, Regulations and Scientific Knowledge; Rachel Reckinger -- 10. Foundations for a comparative research programme between wine markets in the 20th century; Romain Blancaneaux -- 11. The Role of Quality in Wine Production and Market: European rules, CAP and new technology; Stefanella Stranieri and Paolo Tedeschi.

The authors of this volume focus on the second phase of the European intervention in the Black Sea Region (BSR), mainly during the 19th century, when the exchange of knowledge between the East and the West became more intense as a result of the opposing political interests of the Great Powers in their effort to penetrate the Ottoman Empire. This was the era of the Eastern Question, the gradual decline of the Ottoman Empire and the transformation of the Black Sea from a "Turkish lake" to an international trade area. The authors deal with the two dominant Empires around the Black Sea during the "era of Modernity", the Ottoman and the Russian. The history of both Empires highlights aspects of the process of institution building, especially in the fields of religion and education, at a period when ethnic groups and minorities strove for national emancipation.

This book examines the history of women s labour struggles in Central and Eastern Europe and beyond from a long-term and transregional perspective. The contributions collected here address various social movements, an array of agendas and repertoires of activism, as well as political alliances and conflicts

Поступила в редакцию: 28.09.2020. Принята к печати: 15.04.2021. ; Submitted: 28.09.2020. Accepted: 15.04.2021. ; Рецензия на книгу: Политические партии и общественные движения в монархии Габсбургов, 1848–1914 гг. : очерки / М. С. Ващенко, О. И. Величко, М. Ю. Дронов [и др. ; под ред. О. В. Хавановой (отв. ред.) и др.]. Москва : Индрик, 2018. 408 с. В статье анализируется содержание и значимость коллективной монографии, ставшей первым в отечественной историографии комплексным трудом, в котором представлена динамика политической культуры и этапы партийного строительства народов композитарной монархии Габсбургов в 1848–1914 гг. В форме очерков авторы монографии описывают, как габсбургские народы с разной степенью активности и успешности претендовали на признание собственной коллективной идентичности, а также добивались признания в качестве коллективных субъектов государства. Характеризуются основные трудности в составлении системного обзора политической культуры народов монархии, обусловленные сложным типом государственно-политической структуры, характером политических объединений и партий, разным уровнем развития национальной идеи. Подчеркивается методологическая новизна монографии и пересмотр авторами телеологического подхода, характерного для историографии XX в. При этом отмечаются определенные недочеты в изложении материала, доказательности утверждений, приведении имен собственных и названий организаций. Тем не менее, достоинства монографии позволяют ей занять важное место среди отечественных трудов по центральноевропейской истории Нового времени. ; Review of: Vashhenko, M. S., Velichko, O. I., Dronov, M. Yu., et al. (2018). Politicheskie partii i obshhestvennye dvizheniia v monarkhii Gabsburgov, 1848–1914 gg.: ocherki [Political Parties and Social Movements in the Habsburg Monarchy, 1848–1914: Essays]. Moscow: Indrik. 408 p. This review characterises the content and comments on the importance of a collective monograph which can be regarded as the first comprehensive work in the Russian historical science to depict the dynamics of political culture and the stages of party building by almost all the peoples of the multinational Habsburg monarchy in 1848–1914. In a series of essays, the authors demonstrate how Habsburg peoples fought, though with a varying degree of ardour and success, for the recognition of their collective identity and claimed to be recognised as collective subjects of the state. The review reveals the main issues that thwart drawing a comprehensive review of the political culture of the peoples of the monarchy resulting from the composite state structure, the nature of political associations and parties, and the different development stages of the national idea. The authors revise the teleological approach of 20th-century historiography which can be considered a novelty in the Central European studies in Russia. Yet, the book contains occasional weaknesses in the chains of reasoning and evidence. Nonetheless, the strengths of the book make it possible to rank it among the authoritative books on the Central European history of the modern period. ; Статья подготовлена при финансовой поддержке РФФИ в рамках научного проекта № 19-59-23005 «Монархия Габсбургов: новые направления в изучении экономического, социально-политического и национального развития композитарного государства Центральной Европы». ; The article is supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research in the framework of project 19-59-23005 "The Habsburg Monarchy: New Trends in Research of Economic, Sociopolitical, and National Development of the Central European Composite State".

During the second half of the 19th and 20th centuries, Paraguay will experience a dynamic process of foreign immigration. In this perspective, special attention is paid to the relations that immigrants had with the State, mainly settlers working on the land, focusing mainly on certain categories of immigrants, in particular, French, Italian, German, Syro-Lebanese, Japanese and Mennonite, as well as other minorities of immigrants from Eastern Europe (Russians, Poles, Ukrainians and Czechoslovakians). Through a heuristic understanding of the migratory process in Paraguay, we explore this field through a Paraguayan historical investigation. In this context, we rely particularly on the specificities of the immigrant population. Using a method that combines historical, sociological and demographic approaches, we analyze the migration policy of the (Paraguayan) government and the strategies of the different actors involved in the migration movement in Paraguay, including the intervention of diplomats, immigration agents, family, friendship and ethno-religious networks.After a presentation of the well-known population statistics of the post-war demographic crisis (1865-1870), the different types of immigration movements are examined from a socio-demographic perspective, as well as in terms of political and economic transformations. Using case studies as a starting point, it is possible to question how the various flows crystallized over time and the socio-historical horizon in which immigration takes shape. The survey thus focuses, from both a global and micro-analytical perspective, on the organization of immigration in contemporary Paraguay ; Au cours de la seconde moitié des XIXe et XXe siècles, le Paraguay va vivre une dynamique du processus d'immigration étrangère. Dans cette perspective, on accorde une attention particulière aux relations que les immigrants entretiennent auprès de l'État, essentiellement des colons travailleurs de la terre, en nous focalisant principalement sur certaines catégories d'immigrants, ...

During the second half of the 19th and 20th centuries, Paraguay will experience a dynamic process of foreign immigration. In this perspective, special attention is paid to the relations that immigrants had with the State, mainly settlers working on the land, focusing mainly on certain categories of immigrants, in particular, French, Italian, German, Syro-Lebanese, Japanese and Mennonite, as well as other minorities of immigrants from Eastern Europe (Russians, Poles, Ukrainians and Czechoslovakians). Through a heuristic understanding of the migratory process in Paraguay, we explore this field through a Paraguayan historical investigation. In this context, we rely particularly on the specificities of the immigrant population. Using a method that combines historical, sociological and demographic approaches, we analyze the migration policy of the (Paraguayan) government and the strategies of the different actors involved in the migration movement in Paraguay, including the intervention of diplomats, immigration agents, family, friendship and ethno-religious networks.After a presentation of the well-known population statistics of the post-war demographic crisis (1865-1870), the different types of immigration movements are examined from a socio-demographic perspective, as well as in terms of political and economic transformations. Using case studies as a starting point, it is possible to question how the various flows crystallized over time and the socio-historical horizon in which immigration takes shape. The survey thus focuses, from both a global and micro-analytical perspective, on the organization of immigration in contemporary Paraguay ; Au cours de la seconde moitié des XIXe et XXe siècles, le Paraguay va vivre une dynamique du processus d'immigration étrangère. Dans cette perspective, on accorde une attention particulière aux relations que les immigrants entretiennent auprès de l'État, essentiellement des colons travailleurs de la terre, en nous focalisant principalement sur certaines catégories d'immigrants, ...

During the second half of the 19th and 20th centuries, Paraguay will experience a dynamic process of foreign immigration. In this perspective, special attention is paid to the relations that immigrants had with the State, mainly settlers working on the land, focusing mainly on certain categories of immigrants, in particular, French, Italian, German, Syro-Lebanese, Japanese and Mennonite, as well as other minorities of immigrants from Eastern Europe (Russians, Poles, Ukrainians and Czechoslovakians). Through a heuristic understanding of the migratory process in Paraguay, we explore this field through a Paraguayan historical investigation. In this context, we rely particularly on the specificities of the immigrant population. Using a method that combines historical, sociological and demographic approaches, we analyze the migration policy of the (Paraguayan) government and the strategies of the different actors involved in the migration movement in Paraguay, including the intervention of diplomats, immigration agents, family, friendship and ethno-religious networks.After a presentation of the well-known population statistics of the post-war demographic crisis (1865-1870), the different types of immigration movements are examined from a socio-demographic perspective, as well as in terms of political and economic transformations. Using case studies as a starting point, it is possible to question how the various flows crystallized over time and the socio-historical horizon in which immigration takes shape. The survey thus focuses, from both a global and micro-analytical perspective, on the organization of immigration in contemporary Paraguay ; Au cours de la seconde moitié des XIXe et XXe siècles, le Paraguay va vivre une dynamique du processus d'immigration étrangère. Dans cette perspective, on accorde une attention particulière aux relations que les immigrants entretiennent auprès de l'État, essentiellement des colons travailleurs de la terre, en nous focalisant principalement sur certaines catégories d'immigrants, ...

The paper explores processes of transnational network building in Europe in the 19th and 20th centuries. The first section reviews several relevant literatures. It concludes that historiographies of Europe often recognize the pivotal importance of transnational network building, but fail to analyse network developments as well as their entanglement with wider historical processes. Specialized infrastructure studies exist in economic and technological history, but have a distinct (sub)national focus. The networking of Europe has not been investigated. The second section presents a preliminary narrative of transnational network building in the 19th and 20th century. It highlights the relationship between network building and political events in different eras, as well as different types of ambiguities or tensions. The conclusion suggests a number of topics for further research.

The paper explores processes of transnational network building in Europe in the 19th and 20th centuries. The first section reviews several relevant literatures. It concludes that historiographies of Europe often recognize the pivotal importance of transnational network building, but fail to analyse network developments as well as their entanglement with wider historical processes. Specialized infrastructure studies exist in economic and technological history, but have a distinct (sub)national focus. The networking of Europe has not been investigated. The second section presents a preliminary narrative of transnational network building in the 19th and 20th century. It highlights the relationship between network building and political events in different eras, as well as different types of ambiguities or tensions. The conclusion suggests a number of topics for further research.

The article deals with certain aspects of publishing by the first Lithuanian emigration wave into the United States (second half of the 19th – 1914) in the end of the 19th – mid 20th centuries, placing the strongest emphasis on the analysis of the problems related to publications'addressees. The analysis has been based on the periodical publications of the Lithuanian emigrees during the period in question and the research dedicated to the history of the first emigration wave. Even though the first emigration wave to the United Sates was largely based on economic reasons, a small part (compared to the total number of emigrees) of Lithuanians left their native country due to political reasons and later had quite a significant influence on the formation of the Lithuanian community in the territory of the United States, in particular on the development of social and political processes within the Lithuanian community. These emigrees displayed not only concentration into their internal needs but also represented the manifestations of national determination and reflected political processes and ideological fight, characteristic of Europe and Northern America of those times, as well as integration into these processes. Naturally, all this influenced the publishing processes of the emigration wave in question. Within the publishing of these emigrees, two main trends with a number of smaller branches can be identified. One of the major trends was an ambition to reflect and influence the iternal life of the emigration (including religious, social, political and other processes) as well as meet the publishing needs within the community. The other trend was aimed at supporting national liberation movement in Lithuania and represent Lithuanians as an independent nation both in the USA and global level. Periodical publications were targeted not merely at reflecting the life of the colony, where they were published, and meeting publishing needs, but at least the reality of one or several states as well as Lithuanian highlights. Besides, the survival of such publications depended on the distribution range. The publications which crossed the boundaries of one state and were distributed in a greater number of colonies, including the Lithuanian colonies outside the USA and Lithuanian territory, had a greater chance at survival. The number of published copies is also proof of a wider distribution, going far beyond the boundaries of the Lithuanian ghetto. Within the publishing activities, an overlapping of social and political ambitions with commercial aspirations can be identified. Publishing was oriented toward the achievements of those days, both in terms of the content of periodicals, informatikon gathering and presentation, and printing culture. For a long time, the quality of Lithuanian press in the USA by far surpassed the quality of printing in Lithuania (both during its incorporation in the Russian empire and the first years of independence). It could be stated that during Lithuania's occupation (by Tsarist Russia and Kaizer Germany), the publishers of the Lithuanian diaspora regarded their publications not only as satisfying the needs of the emigration community in the USA, but also as targeting the addressees of Lithuanian colonies in other countries and the Lithuanians living in their native country. After Lithuania regained independence, the reverse process can be observed – namely, that of Lithuanian publishers regarding the emigration community as a market for their publications, whereas politicians and public figures sought to use the diaspora as a place to spread their ideas. Furthermore, representatives of opposition layers were more interested in the support for their ambitions and an opportunity for print their publications, to be distributed later in Lithuania. Apart from the above mentioned publications, some publication plans were made to target the addressees of other nationals. However, they were mostuly political in nature, related to a certain political situation in Lithuania, rather than commercial.

The article deals with certain aspects of publishing by the first Lithuanian emigration wave into the United States (second half of the 19th – 1914) in the end of the 19th – mid 20th centuries, placing the strongest emphasis on the analysis of the problems related to publications'addressees. The analysis has been based on the periodical publications of the Lithuanian emigrees during the period in question and the research dedicated to the history of the first emigration wave. Even though the first emigration wave to the United Sates was largely based on economic reasons, a small part (compared to the total number of emigrees) of Lithuanians left their native country due to political reasons and later had quite a significant influence on the formation of the Lithuanian community in the territory of the United States, in particular on the development of social and political processes within the Lithuanian community. These emigrees displayed not only concentration into their internal needs but also represented the manifestations of national determination and reflected political processes and ideological fight, characteristic of Europe and Northern America of those times, as well as integration into these processes. Naturally, all this influenced the publishing processes of the emigration wave in question. Within the publishing of these emigrees, two main trends with a number of smaller branches can be identified. One of the major trends was an ambition to reflect and influence the iternal life of the emigration (including religious, social, political and other processes) as well as meet the publishing needs within the community. The other trend was aimed at supporting national liberation movement in Lithuania and represent Lithuanians as an independent nation both in the USA and global level. Periodical publications were targeted not merely at reflecting the life of the colony, where they were published, and meeting publishing needs, but at least the reality of one or several states as well as Lithuanian highlights. Besides, the survival of such publications depended on the distribution range. The publications which crossed the boundaries of one state and were distributed in a greater number of colonies, including the Lithuanian colonies outside the USA and Lithuanian territory, had a greater chance at survival. The number of published copies is also proof of a wider distribution, going far beyond the boundaries of the Lithuanian ghetto. Within the publishing activities, an overlapping of social and political ambitions with commercial aspirations can be identified. Publishing was oriented toward the achievements of those days, both in terms of the content of periodicals, informatikon gathering and presentation, and printing culture. For a long time, the quality of Lithuanian press in the USA by far surpassed the quality of printing in Lithuania (both during its incorporation in the Russian empire and the first years of independence). It could be stated that during Lithuania's occupation (by Tsarist Russia and Kaizer Germany), the publishers of the Lithuanian diaspora regarded their publications not only as satisfying the needs of the emigration community in the USA, but also as targeting the addressees of Lithuanian colonies in other countries and the Lithuanians living in their native country. After Lithuania regained independence, the reverse process can be observed – namely, that of Lithuanian publishers regarding the emigration community as a market for their publications, whereas politicians and public figures sought to use the diaspora as a place to spread their ideas. Furthermore, representatives of opposition layers were more interested in the support for their ambitions and an opportunity for print their publications, to be distributed later in Lithuania. Apart from the above mentioned publications, some publication plans were made to target the addressees of other nationals. However, they were mostuly political in nature, related to a certain political situation in Lithuania, rather than commercial.

The article deals with certain aspects of publishing by the first Lithuanian emigration wave into the United States (second half of the 19th – 1914) in the end of the 19th – mid 20th centuries, placing the strongest emphasis on the analysis of the problems related to publications'addressees. The analysis has been based on the periodical publications of the Lithuanian emigrees during the period in question and the research dedicated to the history of the first emigration wave. Even though the first emigration wave to the United Sates was largely based on economic reasons, a small part (compared to the total number of emigrees) of Lithuanians left their native country due to political reasons and later had quite a significant influence on the formation of the Lithuanian community in the territory of the United States, in particular on the development of social and political processes within the Lithuanian community. These emigrees displayed not only concentration into their internal needs but also represented the manifestations of national determination and reflected political processes and ideological fight, characteristic of Europe and Northern America of those times, as well as integration into these processes. Naturally, all this influenced the publishing processes of the emigration wave in question. Within the publishing of these emigrees, two main trends with a number of smaller branches can be identified. One of the major trends was an ambition to reflect and influence the iternal life of the emigration (including religious, social, political and other processes) as well as meet the publishing needs within the community. The other trend was aimed at supporting national liberation movement in Lithuania and represent Lithuanians as an independent nation both in the USA and global level. Periodical publications were targeted not merely at reflecting the life of the colony, where they were published, and meeting publishing needs, but at least the reality of one or several states as well as Lithuanian highlights. Besides, the survival of such publications depended on the distribution range. The publications which crossed the boundaries of one state and were distributed in a greater number of colonies, including the Lithuanian colonies outside the USA and Lithuanian territory, had a greater chance at survival. The number of published copies is also proof of a wider distribution, going far beyond the boundaries of the Lithuanian ghetto. Within the publishing activities, an overlapping of social and political ambitions with commercial aspirations can be identified. Publishing was oriented toward the achievements of those days, both in terms of the content of periodicals, informatikon gathering and presentation, and printing culture. For a long time, the quality of Lithuanian press in the USA by far surpassed the quality of printing in Lithuania (both during its incorporation in the Russian empire and the first years of independence). It could be stated that during Lithuania's occupation (by Tsarist Russia and Kaizer Germany), the publishers of the Lithuanian diaspora regarded their publications not only as satisfying the needs of the emigration community in the USA, but also as targeting the addressees of Lithuanian colonies in other countries and the Lithuanians living in their native country. After Lithuania regained independence, the reverse process can be observed – namely, that of Lithuanian publishers regarding the emigration community as a market for their publications, whereas politicians and public figures sought to use the diaspora as a place to spread their ideas. Furthermore, representatives of opposition layers were more interested in the support for their ambitions and an opportunity for print their publications, to be distributed later in Lithuania. Apart from the above mentioned publications, some publication plans were made to target the addressees of other nationals. However, they were mostuly political in nature, related to a certain political situation in Lithuania, rather than commercial.

The article deals with certain aspects of publishing by the first Lithuanian emigration wave into the United States (second half of the 19th – 1914) in the end of the 19th – mid 20th centuries, placing the strongest emphasis on the analysis of the problems related to publications'addressees. The analysis has been based on the periodical publications of the Lithuanian emigrees during the period in question and the research dedicated to the history of the first emigration wave. Even though the first emigration wave to the United Sates was largely based on economic reasons, a small part (compared to the total number of emigrees) of Lithuanians left their native country due to political reasons and later had quite a significant influence on the formation of the Lithuanian community in the territory of the United States, in particular on the development of social and political processes within the Lithuanian community. These emigrees displayed not only concentration into their internal needs but also represented the manifestations of national determination and reflected political processes and ideological fight, characteristic of Europe and Northern America of those times, as well as integration into these processes. Naturally, all this influenced the publishing processes of the emigration wave in question. Within the publishing of these emigrees, two main trends with a number of smaller branches can be identified. One of the major trends was an ambition to reflect and influence the iternal life of the emigration (including religious, social, political and other processes) as well as meet the publishing needs within the community. The other trend was aimed at supporting national liberation movement in Lithuania and represent Lithuanians as an independent nation both in the USA and global level. Periodical publications were targeted not merely at reflecting the life of the colony, where they were published, and meeting publishing needs, but at least the reality of one or several states as well as Lithuanian highlights. Besides, the survival of such publications depended on the distribution range. The publications which crossed the boundaries of one state and were distributed in a greater number of colonies, including the Lithuanian colonies outside the USA and Lithuanian territory, had a greater chance at survival. The number of published copies is also proof of a wider distribution, going far beyond the boundaries of the Lithuanian ghetto. Within the publishing activities, an overlapping of social and political ambitions with commercial aspirations can be identified. Publishing was oriented toward the achievements of those days, both in terms of the content of periodicals, informatikon gathering and presentation, and printing culture. For a long time, the quality of Lithuanian press in the USA by far surpassed the quality of printing in Lithuania (both during its incorporation in the Russian empire and the first years of independence). It could be stated that during Lithuania's occupation (by Tsarist Russia and Kaizer Germany), the publishers of the Lithuanian diaspora regarded their publications not only as satisfying the needs of the emigration community in the USA, but also as targeting the addressees of Lithuanian colonies in other countries and the Lithuanians living in their native country. After Lithuania regained independence, the reverse process can be observed – namely, that of Lithuanian publishers regarding the emigration community as a market for their publications, whereas politicians and public figures sought to use the diaspora as a place to spread their ideas. Furthermore, representatives of opposition layers were more interested in the support for their ambitions and an opportunity for print their publications, to be distributed later in Lithuania. Apart from the above mentioned publications, some publication plans were made to target the addressees of other nationals. However, they were mostuly political in nature, related to a certain political situation in Lithuania, rather than commercial.