Suchergebnisse

chapter 1. Primer on ethical theories in medical ethics / Rebecca Feinberg, Craig M. Klugman -- chapter 2. Reproductive technologies / L. Syd M. Johnson -- chapter 3. A conversation on the ethics of abortion / Bertha Alvarez Manninen -- chapter 4. Genetic testing : ethical, legal, and social issues / Cheryl J. Erwin -- chapter 5. Genetic interventions : therapy and enhancement / Keisha Ray -- chapter 6. Neuroethics / Karen S. Rommelfanger, Julia Marshall, Paul Root Wolpe -- chapter 7. Perparing for the end of life / Nicole M. Tolwin, Craig M. Klugman -- chapter 8. Physician-assisted suicide and euthanasia : death as treatment? / Lois Snyder Sulmasy -- chapter 9. Truth and deception in health care / Julija Kelecevic, Andrea Frolic -- chapter 10. Confidentiality / Robert S. Olick -- chapter 11. Consent / Stephen S. Hanson -- chapter 12. Conflicts of interest / Howard Brody -- chapter 13. Clinical ethics consultation / D. Micah Hester -- chapter 14. Organ transplants / Aviva M. Goldberg -- chapter 15. Modern research ethics / Sean Philpott-Jones -- chapter 16. Public health ethics / Daniel Goldberg.

The eagerly-awaited second volume of The Cambridge Translations of Medieval Philosophical Texts will allow scholars and students access for the first time in English to major texts in ethics and political thought from one of the most fruitful periods of speculation and analysis in the history of western thought. Beginning with Albert the Great, who introduced the Latin west to the challenging moral philosophy and natural science of Aristotle, and concluding with the first substantial presentation in English of the revolutionary ideas on property and political power of John Wyclif, the seventeen texts in this anthology offer late medieval treatments of fundamental issues in human conduct that are both conceptually subtle and of direct practical import. Special features of this volume include copious editorial introductions, an analytical index, and suggestions for further reading. This is an important resource for scholars and students of medieval philosophy, history, political science, theology and literature

Intro -- CONTENTS -- INTRODUCTION -- 'UNTERLASSENE HILFELEISTUNG' IN DER ANTIKE -- MEDICINE AND PHILOSOPHY IN THE MIDDLE AGES. SISTERS, COMPANIONS, RIVALS -- LE MEDECIN MEDIEVAL ET LES BONNES MOEURS -- PETRARCA, ARISTOTELES UND DIE KRITIK AN DER SCHOLASTISCHEN MEDIZIN -- MEDICAL VALUES AND BEHAVIOR. A VIEW FROM 1380S MONTPELLIER -- DER KLUGE PATIENT. HUMANISTISCHE ÄRZTEKRITIK IM SPANNUNGSFELD ZWISCHEN ETHIK UND MEDIZIN -- PRAISE AND PRACTICE OF MEDICINE IN MARSILIO FICINO -- THE MEDIEVAL FOUNDATIONS OF RENAISSANCE MEDICAL ETHICS: THE CASE OF GABRIELE ZERBI'S DE CAUTELIS MEDICORUM -- MIT DER VERSTOCKTHEIT EINES KETZERS. DAS BILD DES HÄRETISCHEN ARZTES IN GABRIELE ZERBIS DE CAUTELIS MEDICORUM -- MEDICAL AND ETHICAL ASPECTS OF VEGETARIANISM: ON THE RECEPTION OF PORPHYRY'S DE ABSTINENTIA IN THE RENAISSANCE -- LA MEDECINE MORALE DE LUIGI LUISINI. LE PREMIER TRAITEMENT MEDICO-PHILOSOPHIQUE DES PASSIONS DE L'AME -- EARLY MODERN MEDICAL ETHICS AND MEDICAL HUMOR -- DER BONUS CHIRURGUS UND DIE FEHLERVERMEIDUNG. ZUM BERUFSETHOS DER CHIRURGIE IN DER FRÜHEN NEUZEIT -- THE DOCTOR AND THE MAGISTRATE. A LAWYER'S VIEW OF MEDICAL ETHICS -- "SPEAKS TRUE, WHO SPEAKS SHADOWS." TRUTH AND LIES AT THE SICK-BED.

Dworkin`s political theory is characterized by the interpretative integrity of morality, law, and politics, the so-called "hedgehog's approach". The interpretative integrity approach functions on multiple levels. Firstly, philosophical foundations of his theory of justice are linked to his conception of just liberal society and state. Secondly, from the perspective of political morality, interpretative concepts of law and morality are internally connected, in addition to interpretative concepts of equality, liberty, and democracy. Thirdly, from the perspective of philosophical foundations, individual ethics, personal morality and political morality are mutually connected. The aforementioned ethical and moral foundations are also related – in a wider sense of philosophical foundations - with his gnoseological conception regarding value concepts in law, politics and morality, and with his episthemological conception regarding an objective truth in the field of values, in a sense that the value concepts are interpretative and can be objectively true when articulated in accordance with methodological rules and standards of a »reflexive equilibrium« and an interpretative integrity, and in accordance with the so-called internal scepticism in the context of value pluralism. The term "ethics" in a "narrower" sense refers to individual ethics, the study of how to live well, while the "ethics" in a "broader" sense refers to personal morality, the study of how we must treat other people. The term "morality" however, is used primarily to denote a political morality, the issue of how a sovereign power should treat its citizens. Philosophical foundations of Dworkin`s political theory of justice, his conception of two cardinal values of humanity, his concievement of individual ethics, personal morality and political morality will be in the focus of consideration.

This book provides readers with an updated discussion of important and practical social justice issues, presenting issues from a new perspective, based on the author´s research. Coverage includes such concepts as morality, fairness, and self-deception

Cover Page -- Half Title Page -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents: -- Foreword -- Introduction -- Chapter 1: Establishing Medical Ethics -- 1: The United Nations Adheres to a Declaration of Bioethics and Human Rights -- 2: Medical Professionals Around the World Face Complicated Ethical Codes -- 3: European Medical Professionals Are Guided by Ethical Principles -- 4: The Vatican Outlines Biomedical Ethics -- 5: In Australia, Medical Ethics Demand Acceptance of Cultural Diversity -- 6: In India, Some Medical Professionals Are Not Ethical -- Periodical and Internet Sources Bibliography -- Chapter 2: Medical Ethics and the End of Life -- 1: In India, Palliative Care Follows Ethical Guidelines -- 2: In Ireland, Ethical Debate on Euthanasia Is Banned -- 3: Australians Debate the Medical Ethics of Euthanasia -- 4: In the United Kingdom, Euthanasia Should Be Legal -- 5: In the United Kingdom, Euthanasia Should Be Illegal -- 6: Canadian Ethicists Debate the Definition of Death -- Periodical and Internet Sources Bibliography -- Chapter 3: Medical Ethics and Organ Transplantation -- 1: Worldwide, Doctors Consider Global Organ Trafficking Unethical -- 2: In Scotland, a System of Presumed Consent Would Solve the Organ Shortage -- 3: China Takes Steps Against Organ Trafficking -- 4: In Hong Kong, Volunteer Organ Donations Cause Ethical Dilemmas -- 5: The European Union Opposes the Sale of Human Organs -- Periodical and Internet Sources Bibliography -- Chapter 4: Ethics and Medical Research -- 1: The World Medical Association Establishes Ethical Principles for Medical Research -- 2: India Is a Prime Destination for Unethical Clinical Trials -- 3: In the Southern Hemisphere, Some AIDS Researchers Use Unethical Practices -- 4: The Japanese Government Tightens Ethical Guidelines for Medical Research

Foreword -- Acknowledgments -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Medical Ethics Before Hippocrates -- 3. Hippocrates and Greece -- 4. Rome, Barbarians and Medieval Codes -- 5. Far East: China -- 6. Near and Middle East -- 7. Portugal, Italy, England -- 8. Statement and initial development of Medical ethics In the 19th and 20th centuries -- 9. Italy -- 10. Ethics and Professionality -- 11. U.S.A. and U.S.S.R. -- 12. Informed Consent -- 13. Medical Ethics in the World -- 14. The catholic doctor's prayers Vatican city -- 15. Ethics In The 20th And 21st Centuries -- 16. Medical ethics and bioethics In the 20th century -- 17. Ethics Committees -- 18. Update to years 2020, 2021 and 2022, with information on COVID-19.