Suchergebnisse

"The 21st century is the century of the ocean." In recent years, China has paid more and more attention to the promotion and development of the marine industry, especially the ocean fishery has brought immeasurable economic benefits to China. The development of the marine field is becoming more and more important in the national political, economic and cultural development. All coastal countries have included marine development in their national development strategies and continuously improved their marine legislation under the provisions of the United Nations Convention on the law of the sea. China's pelagic fishing began in 1985, but because China's pelagic fishing started too late, after the entry into force of the United Nations Convention on the law of the sea at the end of 1994, nearly 36% of the richest high seas on earth became the exclusive economic zone of coastal countries, and the development space of China's pelagic fishing has become very limited. After just more than 30 years of development, ***. However, before that, China's pelagic fishing was still subject to the dual norms of international conventions and domestic laws, and China had not yet formulated a special law on pelagic fishing, and there were still many deficiencies in the legal system norms of pelagic fishing. Therefore, the biggest problem facing China's pelagic fishery is how to better develop the marine industry under the system of laws and regulations, drive the coordinated economic development, provide legal guidance and help for pelagic fishermen, and provide solid technical support for building a marine power with Chinese characteristics.

This paper examines the development of the Irish pelagic fleet and how it has impacted place-based fishing livelihoods in southwest County Donegal, both positively and negatively. As part of this effort, we consider how shifting local and global sociopolitical realities have shaped linkages between resource access and people-place connections in southwest Donegal. We pay particular attention to how Irish fishing opportunities, both at home and abroad, are created and constrained under EU governance and how this drives the displacement of fishing livelihoods from coastal southwest Donegal. We identify power as a key and dynamic mechanism underlying fishery systems in the Irish context. Drawing on interview and ethnographic data we discuss how power is perceived and exercised among local fishery stakeholders, and how this in turn works to shape contemporary adaptive strategies in rural fishery dependent Ireland. ; Arts, Faculty of ; Non UBC ; Anthropology, Department of ; Reviewed ; Faculty

AbstractIndustrial fisheries targeting small pelagic fish have significant socio‐economic implications for North West African countries. This study examines the economic performance of fleets operating in Mauritania's exclusive economic zone under the free license and chartering systems. Using national production data from 1989 to 2010 and economic indicator ratios from European pelagic fishing vessels, we assess the economic performance of pelagic fisheries over one decade. Our findings show that vessel characteristics have rapidly evolved, with free‐licenced vessels having a higher average fishing capacity than chartered vessels. The nominal number of free licenses increased from under 8% in 1995; the year of free licencing began in Mauritania, to over 80% in 2010. The estimated average economic output for 2000–2010 was US$ 231 million, with free licenses contributing over 80% of the total turnover (US$ 187 million). Vessels operating under free licenses made a greater contribution to wealth creation than the chartering regime. Foreign ship owners generated US$ 40.7 million (22%) in income, while chartering yielded US$ 3.6 million (8%). However, the chartering regime was more fiscally advantageous, contributing over 68% of pelagic fisheries tax revenues (estimated at over US$ 29 million). The small pelagic fishery has been subject to a system of total allowable catches and fishing quotas since 2015. This study provides insights into the economic dynamics of the small pelagic fishery, informing decision‐making and potential strategies to enhance the sector's performance and overall economic impact.

Toxic metal and trace element levels in the ocean are increasing heterogeneously in the world, which is why it is important to assess their concentrations in organisms of fishing interest. The study of metal concentrations in different fishing grounds is of vital importance for nutritional control. In this study, two fishing grounds have been studied, in the Canary Islands and in Portugal, in each area 50 muscle samples have been taken from each of the studied species, Scomber colias, Sardina pilchardus, and Trachurus species from the Canary Islands (T. picturatus) and Portuguese (T. trachurus). The concentrations of Cd, Pb, Cr, Cu, V and Zn have been analyzed in mg / kg. Cd and Pb concentrations are higher in the species from the Canary Islands and may be linked to the African upwelling inputs, which greatly influence the metal concentrations of the species. The species with the highest concentration of metals and trace elements are influenced by the anthropogenic action of coastal pollution and the natural action of African upwelling and Saharan dust. The Cd and Pb concentrations determined in the muscle tissue of S. colias, T. picturatus, T. trachurus and S. pilchardus are below the maximum permitted limits set by the current legislation, and are, therefore, suitable for human consumption. But supporting very little nutritional percentage of the elements studied. ; En prensa

Toxic metal and trace element levels in the ocean are increasing heterogeneously in the world, which is why it is important to assess their concentrations in organisms of fishing interest. The study of metal concentrations in different fishing grounds is of vital importance for nutritional control. In this study, two fishing grounds have been studied, in the Canary Islands and in Portugal, in each area 50 muscle samples have been taken from each of the studied species, Scomber colias, Sardina pilchardus, and Trachurus species from the Canary Islands (T. picturatus) and Portuguese (T. trachurus). The concentrations of Cd, Pb, Cr, Cu, V and Zn have been analyzed in mg / kg. Cd and Pb concentrations are higher in the species from the Canary Islands and may be linked to the African upwelling inputs, which greatly influence the metal concentrations of the species. The species with the highest concentration of metals and trace elements are influenced by the anthropogenic action of coastal pollution and the natural action of African upwelling and Saharan dust. The Cd and Pb concentrations determined in the muscle tissue of S. colias, T. picturatus, T. trachurus and S. pilchardus are below the maximum permitted limits set by the current legislation, and are, therefore, suitable for human consumption. But supporting very little nutritional percentage of the elements studied. ; En prensa ; 0,368

The ecosystem approach to fisheries management (EAFM) is a new paradigm in fisheries management, that incorporates multi-species, habitat, environmental, and socio-economic elements. Within the scientific community and on the political agenda, EAFM has been recognised as a powerful approach to assist with the management of depleted stocks. However, a clear consensus on how this approach should be implemented in practice is still lacking. The primary aim of this thesis was to apply an EAFM to pelagic fisheries in the Portuguese Continental shelf ecosystem (PCSE). Portuguese pelagic fisheries were chosen as a case study because its main resource sardine has considerably declined in the last two decades. To achieve this aim, a set of methodological approaches to EAFM were used in the context of this fishery. These methodological approaches included spatial analysis, ecosystem modelling (Ecopath with Ecosim) and statistical/indicators approach. This research advances the application of the EAFM in the Portuguese pelagic fishery by, developing tools to support the management of the fishery and by deepening understanding of the PCSE and sardine dynamics. The key findings showed that trophic interactions followed by fishing were the main drivers of PCSE while a rise in sea surface temperature (SST) followed by fishing had the largest impact on sardine decline. This research highlighted that the management besides fishing restrictions should consider other factors that turn out to be important drivers of future sardine change. They are a rise in SST, trophic interactions, especially between sardine and predators of sardine eggs, and the possibility of regime shift occurrence. Moreover, results demonstrated that the pelagic fishery has conflicting objectives between conservation and fisheries and spatial analysis can support their addressing through the assessment of the trade-offs between them. Briefly, this research can support strategic management advice for the pelagic fishery in the PCSE in the context of the EAFM.

EU fishing fleets in the West African region, "particularly the East European vessels, continue to disregard their obligations to embark scientific observers on board, while they fish unsustainably."