Suchergebnisse

Virksomheder i fremstillingsindustrien har traditionelt været fokuseret på at udvikle, fremstille og sælge fysiske varer. I nutidens kontekst af global konkurrence, øget outsourcing og krav om at virksomheder skal tage større ansvar for deres produkter, overvejer nogle producenter at skifte forretningsstrategi fra at sælge produkter (fx fotokopimaskiner) til at levere serviceydelser (fx dokumenthåndtering). I stedet for produktet selv, er det kundens aktiviteter og ydelsen i forbindelse med produktets brug, der fremstår som mere værdifuldt. I den akademiske verden bliver denne serviceorientering imod totale kundeløsninger kaldt for produkt/servicesystemer (PSS). Denne afhandling omhandler den systematiske udvikling af PSS løsninger i fremstillingsvirksomheder. Her kan PSS forstås på tre niveauer i forhold til design og udvikling: 1. PSS løsning – et system af integrerede produkter og services, som virksomheder udvikler og leverer til deres kunder. 2. PSS udvikling – de integrerede designprocesser og udviklingsaktiviteter, der resulterer i PSS løsninger. 3. PSS tilgange – service-orienterede forretningsstrategier, der sørger for koordinering af PSS udvikling. Med udgangspunkt i en omfattende gennemgang af den relevante litteratur og analyse af fem empiriske casestudier, bidrager denne afhandling med følgende indsigter: - PSS løsning kan konceptualiseres ved at modellere produktets livsfase-systemer, kundeaktiviteter og aktørnetværk. Disse perspektiver er grundlæggende for forståelsen af PSS, og giver et svar på hvordan PSS tilgange kan være konkurrencedygtige og mere effektive i udnyttelse af naturressourcer end traditionelle produktbaserede forretnings-modeller. - Udviklingsaktiviteterne forbundet med PSS finder sted på flere niveauer af organisationen i en fremstillingsvirksomhed: fra formulering af forretningsstrategien, udførende produkt- og service-udviklingsprojekter og frem til løbende støtte af kundeaktiviteter på driftsniveau. Identificering af disse udviklingsaktiviteter hjælper virksomheder og forskere til at forstå og strukturere udviklingsopgaven i forbindelse med PSS tilgange. - PSS tilgange kræver at virksomheder koordinerer deres forretningsstrategi med deres udviklingskompetencer, produktstrategi og serviceydelser i tæt samarbejde med kunder og andre eksterne partnere. Denne afhandling har resulteret i teoretiske modeller, metoder og praktiske udviklingsværktøjer, som er nyttige for industrivirksomheder, forskere og studerende, der er interesseret i serviceorienteret produktudvikling. ; Manufacturing companies have traditionally focused their efforts on designing, developing and producing physical products for the market. Today, global competition, outsourcing and legislation commend that companies take greater responsibility of their products. This is driving some manufacturers to shift their business strategies from selling products (e.g. photocopying machines) to the provision of services (e.g. document services). Instead of the product itself, the activity and knowledge associated with the use of the product is perceived to be of more value to customers. In the research community, service-oriented approaches that embrace this change of business focus from individual products to total integrated customer solutions are termed Product/Service-Systems (PSS). The research in this thesis addresses the systematic design and development of PSS solutions in manufacturing firms. Here PSS are understood on three levels in relation to design: 1. PSS solution – a system of integrated products and services that companies develop and deliver to customers. 2. PSS development – the integrated design processes and development activities that result in PSS solutions. 3. PSS approaches – service-oriented business strategies that coordinate PSS development. Based on an extensive review of the relevant literature and five empirical case studies the following insights were made: - PSS solutions may be conceptualised by considering the product life phase systems, customer activities and the actor network. These perspectives are fundamental to the understanding of PSS and provide an answer to how they can be more resource-efficient and competitive than traditional product-based business models. - Development activities related to PSS take place on multiple levels of the organisation in a manufacturing firm, from the formulation of business strategy to individual development projects of products and services, right down to the continuous support of customer activities on an operational level. This identification of PSS related development activities helps companies and researchers in understanding and structuring the development task related to PSS approaches. - PSS approaches require companies to coordinate their business strategy with their development competencies, product strategy and service offerings in close collaboration with customers and other external partners. These findings resulted in theoretical models, prescriptive methods and practical tools that are useful for industry, academia and students interested in adopting PSS approaches.

Investigations into the potential for public sector software (PSS) to empower citizens are at a very nascent stage. This article explores the theoretical basis for, and practical advantages of, PSS, in the making of an informed and pro-active citizenry. Using the example of the emerging PSS movement in India and in particular the ICT literacy movement in Kerala, South India, it argues, that access to and use of software based on the principles of free and open source has the potential to contribute to an empowered citizenry. However the very concept of PSS is contested by major private software companies given that they stand to lose from public investments that are based on open standards. The article argues that PSS can contribute to the making of an 'information commons' and that the need of the hour is for innovative and creative solutions to the information deficits faced by communities in India and elsewhere.

Post Trauma Stress Syndrome has two forms, acute and chronic; depending on the interval and duration of stress, since this is a typically reactive psychosocial disorder with vegetative medical symptomatology evoked by acute or chronic stress.                                                       The aim of this three cohort comparative study is to compare the position of PTSS between: victims of bombing in Yemen (air strikes only); combined war operations in Ukraine; and combined operations in Syria, and chronic military unrests in Lebanon

Sepak bola merupakan cabang olahraga yang paling diminati oleh lapisan besar masyarakat. Sepak bola terbukti dapat memicu antusiasme masyarakat yang menyukai sepak bola lalu membentuk suatu kelompok atau komunitas. Salah satunya kelompok suporter Brigata Curva Sud yang memiliki sub-organisasi Ladies Curva Sud. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggali konsep diri dari kelompok suporter yang seluruhnya beranggotakan perempuan yaitu, Ladies Curva Sud. Ladies Curva Sud merupakan kelompok suporter yang memiliki basis massa yang cukup besar dan memiliki sifat fanatisme yang tinggi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi kasus dengan teknik wawancara mendalam, observasi, dan studi pustaka. Narasumber dalam penelitian ini berjumlah tiga orang. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang diperoleh, peneliti menemukan konsep diri yang membentuk kelompok suporter Ladies Curva Sud serta perilaku, sikap, dan identitas Ladies Curva Sud. Ada empat prinsip dari Ladies Curva Sud yaitu No Politica, Still Solo, Sebatas Pagar Tribun, dan No Leader Just Together yang membentuk identitas mereka.

This Circular details arrangements for securing the strategic priorities of the PSS Development and Training Strategy (the Strategy) in Northern Ireland from 1 April 2012 onwards. åÊThis replaces the previous circular HSS (OSS) Training 1/2010.

The use of sugarcane pre-sprouted seedlings (PSS) of high quality is a key factor for success of sugarcane production system in Brazil, and the use of plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) can be decisive in obtaining high-quality seedlings. However, it is not known which rate of inoculant containing Azospirillum brasilense should be used. Thus, this study was conducted to evaluate the efficiency of Azospirillum brasilense inoculation and establish the optimal rate of inoculant application on the development of sugarcane PSS (Saccharum officinarum). Pre-sprouted seedlings from commercial hybrids IACSP95-5000, RB855035, RB855536, and RB867515, produced from individual buds (mini-sets) of 3.0 cm were transplanted at 12 days after sprouting into 290 mL tubes. Treatments were arranged in completely randomized design, in 4 × 5 factorial scheme: four genotypes (IACSP95-5000, RB867515, RB855035 and RB855536) and five rates of commercial inoculant AzoTotal®, containing the strains AbV5 and AbV6 [0 (control); 0.5; 1.0; 2.0 and 4.0 mL per tube], four replicates. The inoculant rates increased the plant height, shoot dry matter, root dry matter, total dry matter, height: diameter ratio, and Dickson quality index of PSS of the genotypes IACSP95-5000, RB855035 and RB867515, as well as an increase in number of leaves and stalk diameter of RB855035 and RB867515. The genotype RB855536 has no response to application of inoculant containing A. brasilense during the production phase of pre- sprouted seedlings. The optimal application rate of inoculant containing A. brasilense for production of high-quality pre-sprouted sugarcane seedlings varies between 2 and 3 mL of inoculant per seedling.

Keywords: Saccharum officinarum. Diazotrophic bacteria. Nitrogen. Inoculation.


Resumo
O uso de mudas pré-brotadas (MPB) de cana-de-açúcar (Saccharum officinarum) de qualidade é fator chave para sucesso da produção de cana-de-açúcar no Brasil e o uso de bactérias promotoras de crescimento de plantas pode ser determinante na obtenção de mudas de qualidade. Entretanto, não se tem conhecimento da dose ideal de inoculante contendo Azospirillum brasilense. Este estudo foi conduzido com o objetivo de avaliar a eficiência da inoculação de Azospirillum brasilense e estabelecer a dose ideal no desenvolvimento de MPB de cana-de-açúcar. MPB de quatro variedades de cana-de-açúcar, oriundas de minirrebolos de 3,0 cm foram transplantadas aos 12 dias após a brotação para tubetes de 290 mL. Os tratamentos foram dispostos em delineamento casualizado, esquema fatorial 4 × 5: quatro variedades (IACSP95-5000, RB867515, RB855035 e RB855536) e cinco doses do inoculante comercial AzoTotal®, contendo as estirpes AbV5 e AbV6 [0 (controle); 0,5; 1,0; 2,0 e 4,0 mL por tubetes], com quatro repetições. As doses de inoculantes resultaram no aumento da altura das plantas, matéria seca da parte aérea, matéria seca das raízes, matéria seca total, relação altura: diâmetro e no índice de qualidade de Dickson das MPB das variedades IACSP95-5000, RB855035 e RB867515, além de resultar no aumento do número de folhas e diâmetro do colmo das variedades RB855035 e RB867515. A variedade RB855536 não responde à aplicação de inoculante durante a fase de produção de MPB. A dose ótima do inoculante para na produção de MPB de qualidade pode variar entre 2 e 3 mL de inoculante por muda.

Palavras-chave: Saccharum officinarum. Bactérias diazotróficas. Nitrogênio. Inoculação.

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to propose a method for adopting an Internet of Things (IoT) enabled product-service system (PSS) considering business model and product enhancements. The method focusses on business process implications of IoT. The paper also discusses a real application of the proposed method to the machinery industry.


Design/methodology/approach
– Considering the IoT technologies available, failure mode and effects analysis is applied to identify what should be monitored in the product to minimize potential product failures. In parallel, in order to assist the company in deciding which PSS strategy to be followed, a Configurator of PSS proposals is applied. The results are derived to define the IoT architecture and the business process design supported by the selected IoT technologies.


Findings
– The main findings include the proposed IoT-enabled PSS adoption method, illustrated by the description of the application and its assessment. In addition, the identification of key process areas that are impacted by IoT is offered, namely: remote machine setup; corrective and predictive maintenance; material supply; product pricing; and information reporting.


Research limitations/implications
– The application of the method proposed is limited to one company. Future work includes extending the application of the method to other units of analysis.


Practical implications
– The method proposed can be considered by companies willing to increase product-service revenues based on IoT technologies.


Originality/value
– The IoT-enabled PSS adoption method is an approach grounded on the intersection theories of PSSs and the more technology-oriented IoT developments.