Suchergebnisse

This week we ask: if the international community can't make states abide by their human rights obligations, what's the point of invoking human rights?

Turkey's mixed human rights record has been highly politicized in the debate surrounding the country's probable ascendance to membership in the European Union. Beginning with the foundation of a secular republic in 1923, and continuing with founding membership in the United Nations and participation in the European Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, Turkey made significant commitments to the advancement of human rights. However, its authoritarian tradition, periods of military rule, increasing social inequality, and economic crises have led to policies that undermine human rights. While legislative reforms and civil social activism since the 1980s have contributed greatly to the advancement of human rights, recent progress is threatened by the rise of nationalism, persistent gender inequality, and economic hardship. In Human Rights in Turkey, twenty-one Turkish and international scholars from various disciplines examine human rights policies and conditions since the 1920s, at the intersection of domestic and international politics, as they relate to all spheres of life in Turkey. A wide range of rights, such as freedom of the press and religion, minority, women's, and workers' rights, and the right to education, are examined in the context of the history and current conditions of the Republic of Turkey. In light of the events of September 11, 2001, and subsequent developments in the Middle East, recent proposals about modeling other Muslim countries after Turkey add urgency to an in-depth study of Turkish politics and the causal links with human rights. The scholarship presented in Human Rights in Turkey holds significant implications for the study of human rights in the Middle East and around the globe

Frontmatter -- Contents -- Foreword / Kesete, Semere -- Preface -- Chapter 1. The Thrill Is Gone -- Chapter 2. A Phenomenology of Joy as Transgressive Affect -- Chapter 3. Whither Joy? -- Chapter 4. Joyful Activists -- Chapter 5. Joyful Perpetrators -- Chapter 6. Joyful Martyrs -- Chapter 7. Human Rights Winners -- Notes -- References -- Index -- Acknowledgments

ABSTRACTHuman rights issues are closely connected to a range of political
processes, from democracy and conflict resolution to judicial
accountability and terrorism. Despite the dramatic growth of the
human rights field in recent years, however, it remains unclear how
much the subject has influenced political science scholarship. I
assess this question by examining broad publishing trends, namely
human rights articles in the discipline's leading journals.

Human rights are politically fraught in Turkey, provoking suspicion and scrutiny among government workers for their anti-establishment left-wing connotations. Nevertheless, with eyes worldwide trained on Turkish politics, and with accession to the European Union underway, Turkey's human rights record remains a key indicator of its governmental legitimacy. Bureaucratic Intimacies shows how government workers encounter human rights rhetoric through training programs and articulates the perils and promises of these encounters for the subjects and objects of Turkish governance. Drawing on years of participant observation in programs for police officers, judges and prosecutors, healthcare workers, and prison personnel, Elif M. Babül argues that the accession process does not always advance human rights. In casting rights as requirements for expertise and professionalism, training programs strip human rights of their radical valences, disassociating them from their political meanings within grassroots movements. Translation of human rights into a tool of good governance leads to competing understandings of what human rights should do, not necessarily to liberal, transparent, and accountable governmental practices. And even as translation renders human rights relevant for the everyday practices of government workers, it ultimately comes at a cost to the politics of human rights in Turkey

Frontmatter -- Contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- 1. The Movement -- 2. Putting Natural Law Principles into Practice -- 3. What Are Rights? -- 4. International Human Rights Law -- 5. International Humanitarian Law -- 6. Defying Communism -- 7. Rights on the Other Side of the Cold War Divide -- 8. Amnesty International -- 9. Human Rights Watch -- 10. The Worldwide Movement -- 11. Accountability -- 12. Rights after 9/11 -- 13. Going Forward -- Notes -- Index

Science and Human Rights -- Copyright -- Contents -- Foreword -- Preface -- OVERVIEW -- THE SYMPOSIUM -- TORTURE, PSYCHIATRIC ABUSE, AND THE ETHICS OF MEDICINE -- HUMAN RIGHTS, HUMAN NEEDS, AND SCIENTIFIC FREEDOM -- HUMAN RIGHTS AND HUMAN SURVIVAL -- WELCOMING REMARKS -- INTRODUCTION -- Part 1 Torture, Psychiatric Abuse, and the Ethics of Medicine -- INTRODUCTION -- THE WORK OF THE MEDICAL ASSOCIATION OF CHILE -- COMMENTS -- COMMENTS -- COMMENTS -- QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS -- GERARD DEBREU -- DOUGLAS SAMUELSON, AMERICAN STATISTICAL ASSOCIATION, COMMITTEE ON SCIENTIFIC FREEDOM AND HUMAN RIGHTS -- JUAN LUÍS GONZÁLEZ -- HELEN RANNEY -- JUAN LUÍS GONZÁLEZ -- HELEN RANNEY -- JUAN LUÍS GONZÁLEZ -- JOEL LEBOWITZ, RUTGERS UNIVERSITY -- ALBERT SOLNIT -- VIRGINIA M. BOUVIER, WASHINGTON OFFICE ON LATIN AMERICA -- JUAN LUÍS GONZÁLEZ -- VIRGINIA M. BOUVIER -- JUAN LUÍS GONZÁLEZ -- PARTICIPANT -- M. ALFRED HAYNES -- Part 2 Human Rights, Human Needs, and Scientific Freedom -- INTRODUCTION -- APARTHEID IN SOUTH AFRICA -- COMMENTS -- COMMENTS -- COMMENTS -- QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS -- GILBERT WHITE -- LIPMAN BERS -- GILBERT WHITE -- PRESTON CLOUD, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SANTA BARBARA -- GILBERT WHITE -- PRESTON CLOUD -- ISMAIL MOHAMED -- GILBERT WHITE -- ROBERT KATES -- ELIZABETH RUSSELL, JACKSON LABORATORY, BAR HARBOR, MAINE -- ISMAIL MOHAMED -- GILBERT WHITE -- ISMAIL MOHAMED -- EDWARD ANDERS, UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO -- ISMAIL MOHAMED -- GILBERT WHITE -- Part 3 Human Rights and Human Survival -- INTRODUCTION -- THE SOVIET UNION, HUMAN RIGHTS, AND NATIONAL SECURITY -- COMMENTS -- COMMENTS -- COMMENTS -- QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS -- FRANCIS LOW -- YURI ORLOV -- LIPMAN BERS -- YURI ORLOV -- LIPMAN BERS -- JOEL LEBOWITZ, RUTGERS UNIVERSITY -- ELIOT STELLAR -- WALTER KOHN, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SANTA BARBARA -- LIPMAN BERS -- E-AN ZEN, U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY.

Results of a survey on the international teaching of human rights within the discipline of political science on the university level.

The human right to science, outlined in the 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights and repeated in the 1966 International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights, recognizes everyone's right to "share in scientific advancement and its benefits" and to "enjoy the benefits of scientific progress and its applications." This right also requires state parties to develop and disseminate science, to respect the freedom of scientific research, and to recognize the benefits of international contacts and co-operation in the scientific field.The right to science has never been more important. Even before the COVID-19 health crisis, it was evident that people around the world increasingly rely on science and technology in almost every sphere of their lives from the development of medicines and the treatment of diseases, to transport, agriculture, and the facilitation of global communication. At the same time, however, the value of science has been under attack, with some raising alarm at the emergence of "post-truth" societies. "Dual use" and unintended, because often unforeseen, consequences of emerging technologies are also perceived to be a serious risk.The important role played by science and technology and the potential for dual use makes it imperative to evaluate scientific research and its products not only on their scientific but also on their human rights merits. In Science as a Cultural Human Right, Helle Porsdam argues robustly for the role of the right to science now and in the future. The book analyzes the legal stature of this right, the potential consequences of not establishing it as fundamental, and its connection to global cultural rights. It offers the basis for defending the free and responsible practice of science and ensuring that its benefits are spread globally