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During 2007 and 2008, on an alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) fi eld of 24 hectares, in private ownership, a research was done to assess the economical effects of alfalfa organic production. The aim of the research was to analyze, identify and present the economical justifi cation of the organic production of alfalfa under the irrigation system in Ovce Pole. The total costs (2 151 000 den.) and the cost price per unit of a product (7,47 den/kg), in the fi rst production year, when the perennial crop was established, are higher, and the total profi t (199 000 den.) and profi t per unit of an area are minimal ( 7642 den./ha.). The profi t in the fi rst year is a result of the governmental subsidies for organic alfalfa production. In the second year, the total costs (1 263 000 den) and the cost price per unit of a product (3,51 den/kg) are lower, the total income is 2 892 000 den, namely the profi t per unit of an area is 54 562 den/ ha. The production of organic alfalfa is profi table in conditions of irrigation, if there are fi ve mows during the alfalfa vegetation, and if the average yield of dry baled alfalfa is 3 000kg/ha from one mowing and average purchase price is above 7,5 den/kg.

"January 2000." ; Shipping list no.: 2000-0156-P. ; Mode of access: Internet.

AbstractThe present study investigates the role of non‐governmental organisations (NGOs) in addressing the multifaceted challenges encountered by orphans and vulnerable children (OVC) in the rural Chegutu District of Zimbabwe. Employing a qualitative paradigm, a case study design was utilized to collect data through in‐depth interviews. Thematic analysis was used to present the study's findings. NGO selection and participant sampling were purposive in nature. The challenges faced by OVC in Chegutu District encompass various dimensions, prominently, including increased school dropout rates due to poverty. Those who continue attending school encounter shortages of essential items such as uniforms and stationery. Additionally, inadequate clothing poses a challenge for OVC. Broader climate change–related calamities have further aggravated food scarcity in households housing OVC. NGOs have responded to these challenges by providing OVC with school fees, stationery, accommodation and uniforms to address educational needs and enhance prospects. Climate change impacts have necessitated the drilling of boreholes to facilitate nutritional gardens, thereby mitigating food insecurity and income constraints. NGOs have also empowered OVC households through community saving initiatives like internal savings and lending schemes, fostering income generation, and addressing education‐, food‐ and clothing‐related challenges. Furthermore, psycho‐social support groups have been established by NGOs to address the psychological and social issues faced by OVC. Drawing on the basic needs approach, the study reveals that NGOs significantly contribute to fulfilling the basic needs of OVC. However, some gaps in their approaches were identified, highlighting the potential for further improvement and refinement.

The purpose of the current study was to explore the transformative role of education sponsorship program provided by Concern for the Girl Child (CGC) to female orphaned and vulnerable children in Uganda. The specific objectives of this study were (i) to explore aspects of OVC's agency that have been developed by the education sponsorship program; (ii) to evaluate how the CGC education sponsorship program has facilitated the development of OVC's agency; (iii) to assess the challenges that OVC experienced which undermined the development of their agency. Data were collected by the means of in-depth interviews with current and past Concern for the Girl Child (CGC) beneficiaries and with key informant interviews with CGC staff members as well as contact teachers in the program schools. Data analysis was facilitated by inductive coding and the Capability Approach (CA) theoretical framework. Concern for the Girl Child (CGC), is a local Non Governmental Organization (NGO) that operates in Kampala city and Luwero district, Uganda. The study findings show that the CGC education sponsorship program had developed their personal agency that manifested in increased self-esteem; the ability to explicate alternatives of choices; being responsible for their personal choices and family; and taking actions to make changes for others. CGC facilitated the development of agency among the sponsored female OVC by encouraging them to make critical choices; assigning challenging tasks to beneficiaries, allowing and welcoming beneficiaries' voices in decision making, and cultivating positive relationships with beneficiaries. However the CGC education sponsorship program experiences some challenges which undermined the full development of their agency. These findings suggest important implications for social work practice, social work education, policy development and further research.

The analytical approach of this article is inspired by C. Wright Mills' (1959) notion of "the sociological imagination." Individual experience is viewed through the lens of the wider social context, particularly that of the organization. The socio-organizational context is then viewed through the lens of individual experience. The aim of this bi-directional gaze is to explore the relationship between individual experience and wider society. And in doing so, to identify and reveal the shared motifs—the significant, recurrent themes and patterns—that link and construct personal experience and social world. The aims, findings, and research processes of the original study are rooted in the instrumental epistemology of program evaluation. Specifically, a mixed-method implementation-evaluation of a local non-governmental organization's Orphans and Vulnerable Children program. The aim of this article is to take the analyses and findings of that evaluation beyond its epistemic roots. Qualitative data were disentangled from the confines of thematic analysis and freed into their original narrative form. This allowed for a deeply reflexive "second reading," which brings whole narratives into a dialogue with original findings, contextual factors, and sociological discourse. Key conceptual anchors are located in Vanessa May's ideas on the self and belonging, and in Margaret Wetherell's writings on affect and emotion. These are important aspects of working with children, particularly orphans and vulnerable children in South Africa, where many fall through the cracks of government's social services. A second, deeper, qualitative reading of the narratives of children, their parents/caregivers, and the organization's staff, explores three key pathways of individual and group experience that are inextricably linked to emotions and belonging, and which co-construct the social functioning of the organization itself.

The analytical approach of this article is inspired by C. Wright Mills' (1959) notion of "the sociological imagination." Individual experience is viewed through the lens of the wider social context, particularly that of the organization. The socio-organizational context is then viewed through the lens of individual experience. The aim of this bi-directional gaze is to explore the relationship between individual experience and wider society. And in doing so, to identify and reveal the shared motifs—the significant, recurrent themes and patterns—that link and construct personal experience and social world. The aims, findings, and research processes of the original study are rooted in the instrumental epistemology of program evaluation. Specifically, a mixed-method implementation-evaluation of a local non-governmental organization's Orphans and Vulnerable Children program. The aim of this article is to take the analyses and findings of that evaluation beyond its epistemic roots. Qualitative data were disentangled from the confines of thematic analysis and freed into their original narrative form. This allowed for a deeply reflexive "second reading," which brings whole narratives into a dialogue with original findings, contextual factors, and sociological discourse. Key conceptual anchors are located in Vanessa May's ideas on the self and belonging, and in Margaret Wetherell's writings on affect and emotion. These are important aspects of working with children, particularly orphans and vulnerable children in South Africa, where many fall through the cracks of government's social services. A second, deeper, qualitative reading of the narratives of children, their parents/caregivers, and the organization's staff, explores three key pathways of individual and group experience that are inextricably linked to emotions and belonging, and which co-construct the social functioning of the organization itself. ; Dziekan Wydziału Ekonomiczno-Socjologicznego (B18112CZAS1175.01; MPK: 2122524000).

The analytical approach of this article is inspired by C. Wright Mills' (1959) notion of "the sociological imagination." Individual experience is viewed through the lens of the wider social context, particularly that of the organization. The socio-organizational context is then viewed through the lens of individual experience. The aim of this bi-directional gaze is to explore the relationship between individual experience and wider society. And in doing so, to identify and reveal the shared motifs—the significant, recurrent themes and patterns—that link and construct personal experience and social world. The aims, findings, and research processes of the original study are rooted in the instrumental epistemology of program evaluation. Specifically, a mixed-method implementation-evaluation of a local non-governmental organization's Orphans and Vulnerable Children program. The aim of this article is to take the analyses and findings of that evaluation beyond its epistemic roots. Qualitative data were disentangled from the confines of thematic analysis and freed into their original narrative form. This allowed for a deeply reflexive "second reading," which brings whole narratives into a dialogue with original findings, contextual factors, and sociological discourse. Key conceptual anchors are located in Vanessa May's ideas on the self and belonging, and in Margaret Wetherell's writings on affect and emotion. These are important aspects of working with children, particularly orphans and vulnerable children in South Africa, where many fall through the cracks of government's social services. A second, deeper, qualitative reading of the narratives of children, their parents/caregivers, and the organization's staff, explores three key pathways of individual and group experience that are inextricably linked to emotions and belonging, and which co-construct the social functioning of the organization itself. ; Dziekan Wydziału Ekonomiczno-Socjologicznego (B18112CZAS1175.01; MPK: 2122524000).