Suchergebnisse

Traditional processing of fish has a variety of problems. Various problems can be solved through the group on the condition that the group is dynamic. The more dynamic groups make it easier to achieve group goals. This study aims to identify the dynamics of fish processing groups in Kabupaten Cirebon and to analyze factors influencing group dynamics. The research approach is quantitative by survey method and using questionnaire as data gathering tool. The sample in this research is the fish processing which is in twelve groups of fish processing from three districs in Cirebon Regency with the number of samples are 78 fish processor. The data were gathered April 2018. Data were analysed using Statistical Product and Service Solution (SPSS) 24 for descriptive and Partial Least Square (PLS) 3 for inferential statistic. The results showed that the dynamics of the fish processing group in Cirebon Regency are in the high category. From the eight elements of group dynamics there is only one that is in the low category, that is pressure. So, groups are active in interacting to achieve group goals. Group dynamics are influenced significantly and positively by internal and external factors. Internal factors that affect group dynamics are cosmopolitan, long become members and group motivation. External factors that influence group dynamics are the availability of information, the role of extension worker, the role of government and the availability of raw materials. Group dynamics are reflected by structure, coaching and development, atmosphere and effectiveness.

Eine sich "Eine Zukunft für Rumänien" nennende Gruppe junger Akademiker, deren politische Karrieren stark durch die politische Zusammenarbeit mit Präsident Ion Iliescu geprägt wurde, hat ein politisches Programm entworfen, im dem sie sich sehr kritisch mit der gegenwärtigen Lage des Landes auseinandersetzt und faktisch die Ersetzung der parlamentarischen Demokratie durch eine technokratisch orientierte Präsidialherrschaft fordert. Angesichts der Involviertheit der Mitglieder dieser Gruppe, deren Biographien näher vorgestellt werden, in maßgebliche Positionen im Regierungs-und Präsidentenapparat muß die angeblich kritische Position der Gruppe gegenüber der politischen Führung des Landes jedoch mit Skepsis betrachtet werden. (BIOst-Srt)

The characteristic pigmentation of the melanoma lightened the problem of its diagnosis from the 19th century. No wonder that museums illumined their stature in pathology. Nowadays, epidemiological papers point to the selection of the foot as the premier site of melanoma in the tropics. A preliminary paper by the author concerning the Igbo ethnic group in South-Eastern Nigeria suggested the pedal origin of most melanomas. Therefore, this paper aims to verify this presumption with a larger cohort. The highlights in 124 cases were (i) Equal male/female ratio (ii) 61-70 group preponderance (iii) The sole as the most frequently attacked pedal site (iv) Submission of specimens from 20 towns other than Enugu, the erstwhile Capital City of the Regional Government.

Der achte nigerianische Wirtschaftsgipfel im Oktober 2001 sollte für die Politik Prioritäten bestimmen, die ein nachhaltiges Wirtschaftswachstum in Gang setzen. Der Band dokumentiert neben den zahlreichen Honoratioren-Ansprachen die Berichte der elf Arbeitsgruppen und die in 24 Bereiche aufgeteilten Empfehlungen an Präsident Obasanjo. (DÜI-Sbd)

Mit dem Übergang zur Demokratie wurden vom Obasonjo-Regime mehrere Grundsatzdokumente veröffentlicht, mit deren Hilfe die Wirtschaftspolitik neu justiert werden sollte. Die Nigerian Economic Summit Group, die die Wirtschaftspolitik des Regimes wesentlich beeinflusst hat, legt mit der Schrift ein Aktionsprogramm vor, das die Politik anleiten soll. Es zeigt im ersten Teil die Grundprinzipien der Wirtschaftspolitik auf (nachhaltige wirtschaftliche Entwicklung), versucht im zweiten Teil eine "wirtschaftliche Erfolgsformel" zu formulieren (Wachstumspolitik, Armutsbekämpfung, Schaffung von Arbeitsplätzen, Vorrang für privaten Sektor etc.) und macht im dritten Teil Vorgaben für die Reformvorhaben in den einzelnen Sektoren. (DÜI-Sbd)

N° ISBN - 978-2-7380-1284-5 ; International audience ; According to some anthropologists, the local group is a necessary condition to develop any farming innovation. The fish innovation in Africa is not an exception, especially when initiated by smallholders. A rereading of the innovation mechanisms in an extension project's frame, initiated by a NGO in Cameroon but also in Guinea and Ivory Cost, enables to note the effectiveness of the fish-farming innovation analysed. Next, from the economist's point of view, the paper identifies then studies the role of the local group in the fish innovation. Besides classic benefits already described (that is cost cutting and improvement of inputs and services availability), this study shows that the local group of innovators and candidates to the fish innovation holds other critical positions, in acquiring knowledge and know-how and their turning into competencies in particular. And yet these functions prove themselves to be crucial for the success of the setting up of a new viable and perennial economic activity. Fish farming approaches hardly take them into account in the investment cost estimation and even less in the opportunity cost determination that means that kind of innovation for the farmer. This contribution emphasizes the overall underestimation of new activity development costs for the farmers. We can check it especially in the case of the fish farming in Africa where many promotion approaches in rural environment are limited to physical investments, completed if necessary by standardized trainings. Secondly, it refers to the matter of the composition of innovative smallholders' networks and of their links with local societies. Finally, this rereading calls into question the farmers' innovation capacity in an environment where the national and international instances don't pay attention to this capacity.

N° ISBN - 978-2-7380-1284-5 ; International audience ; According to some anthropologists, the local group is a necessary condition to develop any farming innovation. The fish innovation in Africa is not an exception, especially when initiated by smallholders. A rereading of the innovation mechanisms in an extension project's frame, initiated by a NGO in Cameroon but also in Guinea and Ivory Cost, enables to note the effectiveness of the fish-farming innovation analysed. Next, from the economist's point of view, the paper identifies then studies the role of the local group in the fish innovation. Besides classic benefits already described (that is cost cutting and improvement of inputs and services availability), this study shows that the local group of innovators and candidates to the fish innovation holds other critical positions, in acquiring knowledge and know-how and their turning into competencies in particular. And yet these functions prove themselves to be crucial for the success of the setting up of a new viable and perennial economic activity. Fish farming approaches hardly take them into account in the investment cost estimation and even less in the opportunity cost determination that means that kind of innovation for the farmer. This contribution emphasizes the overall underestimation of new activity development costs for the farmers. We can check it especially in the case of the fish farming in Africa where many promotion approaches in rural environment are limited to physical investments, completed if necessary by standardized trainings. Secondly, it refers to the matter of the composition of innovative smallholders' networks and of their links with local societies. Finally, this rereading calls into question the farmers' innovation capacity in an environment where the national and international instances don't pay attention to this capacity.