Suchergebnisse

Ethnicity in Zimbabwe: Transformations in Kalanga and Ndebele Societies, 1860-1990' is a comparative study of identity shifts in two large ethnic groups in Matabeleland, Zimbabwe. The study begins in 1860, a year after the establishment of the Inyati mission station in the Ndebele Kingdom, and ends in the postcolonial period. Author Enocent Msindo asserts that-despite what many social historians have argued-the creation of ethnic identity in Matabeleland was not solely the result of colonial rule and the new colonial African elites, but that African ethnic consciousness existed prior to this time, formed and shaped by ordinary members of these ethnic groups. During this period, the interaction of the Kalanga and Ndebele fed the development of complex ethnic, regional, cultural, and subnationalist identities. By examining the complexities of identities in this region, Msindo uncovers hidden, alternative, and unofficial histories; contested claims to land and civic authority; the politics of language; the struggles of communities defined as underdogs; and the different ways by which the dominant Ndebele have dealt with their regional others, the Kalanga. The book ultimately demonstrates the ways in which debates around ethnicity and other identities in Zimbabwe-and in Matabeleland in particular-relate to wider issues in both rural and urban Zimbabwe past and present. Enocent Msindo is Senior Lecturer in History at Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa

Ethnicity and identities in Matabeleland -- Domination and resistance: precolonial Ndebele and Kalanga relations, 1860-93 -- Remaking communities on the margins: chieftaincy and ethnicity in Bulilima-Mangwe, 1893 to the 1950s -- Ultraroyalism, king's cattle, and postconquest politics among the Ndebele, 1893 to the 1940s -- Language and ethnicity in Matabeleland -- Contests and identities in town: Bulawayo before 1960 -- Complementary or competing? Ethnicity and nationalism in Matabeleland, 1950-79 -- Postcolonial terror: politics, violence, and identity, 1980-90

Names can be a repository of a people's past, experiences can be ordered into toponyms and the toponyms intern preserves the past experiences. This paper looks at some toponyms as named by the Ndebele and analyses how these are derived from history to Ndebele place names. The paper also analyses the sound and morphological processes that take place for Ndebele toponyms to be derived from history. Particular emphasis is placed on the history that led to the derivation of the toponyms and how the names preserve that history. The paper analyses Ndebele toponyms under categories of history that are; the royal Ndebele history, colonial history, post colonial history, Ndebele military history and those from past topography, topography and past activities. People name their environment, hence the names are taken from Ndebele areas in Zimbabwe that are Matabeleland, Bulawayo and Midlands provinces.

Recognition of Customary Marriages Act of 1998 in South Africa remains one of the greatest initiatives towards equality amongst spouses. However, even with the RCMA of 1998 that is set to regulate customary marriages, customary marriage conflict remains rife across various ethnic groups in South Africa. The RCMA of 1998 leaves a lot of room for interpretation by different cultures and some elements that certain ethnic groups consider as crucial in fulfilling customary marriages are excluded. So, to contribute to Conflict Studies with reference to customary marriage conflict, this study investigated customary marriage conflict among Ndebele speaking people in Mathula Village in Limpopo. The purpose of this study was to investigate the causes of customary marriage among Ndebele speaking people in Mathula Village in Limpopo. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews and analysed through content analysis, coding, and thematic analysis. During the interviews, non-participant observation was used. Purposeful sampling was used to select participants. In the final analysis, this study provides some recommendations with the view of addressing some of the challenges that were identified. Some of the recommendations include that there is a need to rethink the process of customary marriage in relation to the payment of lobola. Further, there is a need for an in-depth research going forward. ; Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Humanities, School of Governmental and Social Sciences, 2021

Abstract
In this article, I examine critically the framing of the African girl child in international development discourse on menstruation and menstrual activism and address the question, "What influence have African girls had on policy or programs and to what extent have they been mere targets and objects of such policies and programs?" I analyze baseline interviews I carried out at the inception of a Zimbabwean sanitary wear intervention and shine a light on African girls as potential guides and consultants in constructing policy and programs. I show how the communitarian, Ubuntu-centred family values of rural Ndebele people provide a counterpoint to colonial and neoliberal Western-centred development approaches in addressing challenges girls face in relation to menstrual preparation and early unintended pregnancy.

This article is concerned with the advancement of critical arguments aimed at enhancing African people's chances of survival through a conscientious exegesis of selected Shona and Ndebele proverbial instruments. Based on the teachings of Afrocentricity, it trains the African intellectual eye to rediscover life-affirming and life-furthering discursive agendas that find expression in African people's traditions. It is through such a reconnection and recollection that African people possibly become increasingly aware that they are part of a tradition that is informed by, and in fact built around, the philosophies of transcendence and agency as the sine qua non and modus operandi of meaningful existence. Both agency and transcendence are inextricably linked to African people's endeavors to diversify channels and options in life, because such consequent diversification is an inescapable condition for rehumanization and survival. Such proverbial thought should also provide a theory of life that guides both creativity and literary practice.