Suchergebnisse

Currently, in Azerbaijan and the Caucasus, the situation in the economies of the region is quite variable. On the other side of the ocean, the US Federal Reverse System has been continuously raising the key interest rate. In Russia, the ruble depreciated due to existing and probable sanctions, in Turkey, economic and political circumstances have led to the 40% loss of the lira's value (and this figure is expected to further increase by the end of the year), and the withdrawal of the US from the Iran Nuclear Deal with replaced sanctions has caused more aggravation to the socio-economic situation and rapid deprecation of the Iranian rial in the southern neighbor of Azerbaijan. The so-called trade wars and new processes led by the current US government form serious risks for globalization and liberal trade. At the moment, the most thought-provoking issues for ordinary Azerbaijani citizens are the questions: with a view to the above-listed developments, what awaits the manat now and what is the level of risk for the exchange rate? Although at first glance there is an impression that Azerbaijan's currency exchange rate takes shape independent of these processes described above, on deeper exploration it is apparent that this is not the truth. For this reason, this topic has been widely and constantly discussed. Thereby, this article's subject covers what the present conditions for the Azerbaijani manat in reality are. In order to find answers for these questions, this article will analyze internal and external factors affecting the national exchange rate, new challenges emerging from current economic changes and both negative and positive aspects of the current exchange rate policy. Lastly, recommendations are made in order to ensure the flexibility of exchange policy and increase the sustainability of the economy against foreign fluctuations.

Although the titular nation of the Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic was Turkic speaking and had strong cultural and historical ties with Iran, the Soviet regime constructed a national identity that was divorced from its Turkic and Iranian past. The current literature cannot provide the exact period when this construction was put forward and generally argues that the Azerbaijani identity was artificially created as part of a broader "divide-and-rule" policy that was applied to all the Turkic nations in the Soviet Union. However, this thesis by itself does not explain why this change from a Turkic identity to an Azerbaijani one happened seventeen years after the Bolsheviks assumed power in Baku, and its simple causation makes it sound more like a conspiracy theory, which had a certain popularity in the Cold War era, than a scholarly argument. By presenting a broader view, the paper explains why and when the national identity in Soviet Azerbaijan was altered from Turkic to Azerbaijani. It argues that there were many factors that induced the Bolsheviks to take this extraordinary step in 1937. In fact, the change in defining national identity in Azerbaijan was a result of a combination of developments in the 1930s in Turkey, Iran, Germany, and the Soviet Union. The article concludes that these developments left Soviet rulers no choice but to construct an independent Azerbaijani identity.

Abstract. In connection with the characterization of ideology as a system of ideas, theories and views as a whole, national ideology is reflected in the national self-consciousness of people, and the national spirit, character and identity are presented in a generalized form. Researchers also characterize the ideology as "national ideology", "national-state ideology", "political ideology" and the ideology of "statehood". The national ideology of Azerbaijan is based on the idea of national, ethnic, religious equality, national unity of all peoples living in the country, this ideology serves the Motherland, people and statehood. The ideologies that make up the national ideology of Azerbaijan are ideology, independence, national solidarity, people, Azerbaijanism, linguistic and cultural unity. The main task of national ideology is the development of national moral values and national mentality; strengthening ties with the Turkic and Islamic worlds. Ensuring the broad promotion and development of national culture, as one of the main elements of the independent statehood of Azerbaijan, the awareness of Azerbaijan as a priority, leading factor of our national ideology, the quality of national ideology, obesion.

Der Autor befaßt sich mit der Interaktion von ethnisch-nationalen und politischen Faktoren im armenisch-aserbaidschanischen Nationalitätenkonflikt um Berg-Karabach. In diesem Kontext analysiert er die Ursachen und den Verlauf der Konflikte zwischen zentralem, regionalem und lokalem KPdSU-Parteiapparat sowie zwischen der KPdSU und den unabhängigen politischen Vereinigungen in Aserbaidschan (Volksbewegung für die Vereinigung Karabachs mit Armenien, Aserbaidschanische Volksfront), deren Ziele und Entwicklung kurz umrissen werden. Der Verfasser hebt hervor, daß der Impuls für den politischen Wandel in Aserbaidschan nicht "von oben", von Moskau erfolgte, sondern von der - aserbaidschanischen - "Peripherie", vom Autonomen Gebiet Berg-Karabach ausging, dessen armenische Bevölkerungsmehrheit - ganz im Geiste der Perestrojka - ihr Recht auf kulturelle, politische und ökonomische Selbstbestimmung einforderte. (BIOst-Klk)

The State Oil Company of Azerbaijan Republic (SOCAR) reports that the company exported 254,363 thousand tons of crude oil from the Russian port of Novorossiysk and 1,733 million tonnes of crude oil from the Turkish port of Ceyhan in August 2017. According to the SOCAR's report 988.28 thousand tons of crude oil were exported from the Russian port of Novorossiysk, 1,579 million tons of crude oil from the Georgian port of Supsa and 11, 400 million tons of crude oil from the Turkish port of Ceyhan during January-August 2017. Meanwhile, SOCAR has reported that the company has exported 264,489 thousand tons from Supsa port, 1,540 million tons from Ceyhan port. The State Oil Company of Azerbaijan (SOCAR) reports that the cost of a barrel of BTC FOB Ceyhan in August 2017 was $53.05. At that, the cost of a barrel of Russian oil mixture Urals (REBCO) was $51.0 and Brent grade was $51.64 US. In July 2017, price for Brent crude oil in the world market was $48.56 per barrel, Urals oil - $47.92 and BTC FOB Ceyhan crude oil - $49.34 US. SOCAR notes that the MEOD exports both its own oil and oil falling on the share of the government within PSA contracts.

Scientific facts have proven that the dialects of the Turkic peoples already existed in the 7th century. Later, certain historical changes took place. As a result of extralinguistic influences, dialects with unique language characteristics were formed in conditions of gradual development, based on geographical influences, around the 11th century. Archaic elements that are still alive today in the dialects of the Azerbaijani language are also used in other Turkic languages. This proves that the historical roots of Turkish languages and Turkic peoples are preserved in dialects.