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Recent studies of authoritarian legislatures underscore the importance of institutions for cooptation and information collection, but many still consider authoritarian legislatures rubber stamps in policy making. We argue that authoritarian legislatures could be important arenas of the contestation reflected in delegates' bills and proposals instead of their voting outcomes. Specifically, government agencies use authoritarian legislatures to build policy coalitions to advance their policy agendas. Delegates serve as proxy fighters for key party and government elites with different policy preferences. We provide evidence based on an original dataset containing education-related bills and policy proposals submitted to both Chinese national assemblies between 1983 and 2007. We identify the existence of the policy coalitions, and find coalition building is more intensified prior to the promulgation of education-related laws. We then employ network analysis to illustrate the channels behind policy coalition network.

From Mélanges d'histoire offerts à m. Charles Bémont. ; Mode of access: Internet.

Mestrado em Engenharia de Computadores e Telemática ; This document and the developed work lie on the perception that the World is always changing. Internet has taken a major role in one's daily routine and is the vehicle to spread the most quantity of information, that mankind as ever witnessed. Regions of the World such as Europe and the Americas, have great ease in exchanging information between the citizens and their governments, but this reality does not re ect in every continent, and Africa is one that still presents insu ciencies regarding this matter. To ful l some of the needs of African countries, in which regards E-Government services communication, the United Nations developed the African I-Parliaments Project, which developed the Bungeni Parliamentary System. This system aims to help automatize the legislative process of African Parliaments. By analysing the system and developing tools, the work described in this document tries to get the Bungeni Parliamentary System to be implemented in the Lusophone Africa, therefore allowing ease of legislation access and creation, through the Internet, helping in the building of government to citizens transparency. ; Este documento e trabalho desenvolvido, assentam na perce c~ao que o Mundo est a em constante mudan ca. A Internet, hoje em dia, desempenha um papel enorme na vida quotidiana e e a forma mais r apida de ve cular informa c~ao que a Humanidade j a presenciou. Regi~oes do Mundo como a Europa e Am erica, t^em grande facilidade em efetuar transi c~oes de informa c~ao entre os seus cidad~aos e governos, atrav es da Internet, (servi cos de EGoverment). Por em, esta realidade n~ao e re ectida em todas os continentes e Africa e um dos que ainda apresenta muitas insu ci^encias. Para colmatar algumas necessidades, no que respeita a comunica c~ao por servi cos de EGovernment, as Na c~oes Unidas criaram o projecto \African I-Parliaments", que desenvolveu o Sistema Parlamentar Bungeni. Este sistema parlamentar, tem como nalidade automatizar o processo legislativo ...

Examines, first, why and how the French Parliament was 'juridicised', that, is, gradually placed under the tutelage of the Constitutional Council, and, secondly, the influence of past Council jurisprudence and the threat of future censure on the legislation of the 1986 parliamentary sessions. (Abstract amended)

En el trabajo se analizan las dos Asambleas Piqueteras Nacionales realizadas en la Argentina durante 2001, analizando el quiebre que representaron en la historia del movimiento piquetero. Por un lado, porque estas asambleas fueron el máximo intento de cooperación nacional entre los distintos grupos piqueteros, buscando consolidar al movimiento piquetero como un bloque homogéneo y como actor político de relevancia en el escenario nacional (al unificar posturas con respecto al gobierno de la Alianza, aumentar su propia capacidad de negociación, tejer alianzas políticas con otros sectores sociales, etc.). Sin embargo los resultados de las Asambleas Nacionales estuvieron lejos de alcanzar lo esperado, ya que en dichos encuentros se pusieron de manifiesto las grandes diferencias que separaban a las distintas organizaciones entre sí, existiendo oposiciones y disputas de todo tipo (ideológicas, culturales, metodológicas, etc.). Estas diferencias llevarían al movimiento piquetero a su fragmentación y posteriormente al enfrentamiento entre los distintos grupos. ; The goal of the present job is to analize the two National "Piquetero" Assemblies during 2001. We will try to show the really importance of the historical moment they represented and the breakpoint in the history of the piquetero movement. The Assemblies were the greatest intent of national cooperation between all piquetero movement's around the country, in wich they tried to make it really important in the national poltical scene and create only one solid movement. Mostly, looking forward to unify their postures respect to the Alianza goverment, increase their capacity of action and negotiation and build political alliances with other social sectors. Although, the results found with the National Alliances were far away from the target, beacause those meetings showed the big differencies of all kinds (ideological, political, of method, etc.) that later will conduct to the breaking up and fighting between those groups. ; Fil: Zícari, Julian Norberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires; Argentina