Suchergebnisse

For this epidemiologic study, 458 individuals with mental retardation and developmental disability (MRDD), from 6 to 87 years old, from the Lower Hudson Valley region of New York, were evaluated for the occurrence of orthodontic anomalies. High occurrence of both anomalies of intermaxillary relation, as determined by Angle's classification, and the anomalies of occlusion were found in these individuals when compared with the general population. An increased incidence of both acquired (i.e., open bite) as well as hereditary (Le., prognathia) orthodontic anomalies correlated with the severity of mental retardation. In addition, an increased incidence of Angle class II malocclusion was found in persons with cerebral palsy and autism, and an increase of Angle class 111 malocclusion in persons with autism and Down syndrome. Moreover, it was found that 74% of MRDD persons had definitive malocclusion, while only 37% of the US general population of comparable age has definitive malocclusion. High incidence of malocclusion in this population remained present into old age, mainly due to a lack of treatment and the need to employ non‐conventional orthodontic treatment in this population.

In 8 verschiedenen Einrichtungen wurden bei 144 geistig behinderten Menschen > 50 Jahre Daten anhand von Fragebögen erfasst. Über 70% der Probanden zeigten sich zufrieden mit ihrer Situation. Im Vergleich scheinen dabei Langzeiteinrichtungen speziell für geistig Behinderte ihren Bedürfnissen besser gerecht zu werden als kleinere Einrichtungen oder Altenpflegeheime. Empfehlenswert ist eine kontinuierliche Betreuung geistig Behinderter in den gleichen Einrichtung auch in höherem Lebensalter und eine entsprechend rechtzeitige Anpassung an spezielle Bedürfnisse. Es fehlt an personellen und finanziellen Mitteln und die dafür nötige Beachtung durch die Politik. ; In 8 different institutions and from 144 mentally disabled persons (age over 50) data have been collected through questionaires. More than 70% of the tested people were content with their situation. In comparison, long-term institutions specialised on the mentally Disabled seem to meet their needs better than smaller institutions or geriatric homes. A continous caring of mentally Disabled in the same institution also at higher age is advisable and adjustments should be made in time to meet their special needs. A lack of personal and financial sources as well as the necessary attention through politics is to be found.