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THE AUSTRALIAN FEDERAL GOVERNMENT LEGALISED ACCESS TO MEDICINAL CANNABIS IN 2016: MORE THAN 100 DIFFERENT CANNABIS PRODUCTS ARE NOW AVAILABLE TO PRESCRIBE. MOST ARE ORAL PREPARATIONS (OILS) OR CAPSULES CONTAINING DELTA-9-TETRAHYDROCANNABINOL OR CANNABIDIOL. DRIED-FLOWER PRODUCTS ARE ALSO AVAILABLE: AS MOST PRODUCTS ARE UNREGISTERED DRUGS, PRESCRIBING REQUIRES APPROVAL UNDER THE THERAPEUTIC GOODS ADMINISTRATION SPECIAL ACCESS SCHEME-B OR AUTHORISED PRESCRIBER SCHEME: SPECIAL ACCESS SCHEME CATEGORY B APPLICATIONS CAN BE MADE ONLINE, WITH APPROVAL USUALLY BEING GIVEN WITHIN 24–48 HOURS. HOWEVER, SUPPLY CHAIN PROBLEMS MAY DELAY DISPENSING BY THE PHARMACY: BY THE END OF 2019, OVER 28,000 PRESCRIBING APPROVALS HAD BEEN ISSUED TO PATIENTS, INVOLVING MORE THAN 1400 DOCTORS, MOSTLY GPS. MORE THAN 70,000 APPROVALS ARE PROJECTED BY THE END OF 2020: MOST PRESCRIPTIONS ARE FOR CHRONIC NON-CANCER PAIN, ANXIETY, CANCER-RELATED SYMPTOMS, EPILEPSY AND OTHER NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS. HOWEVER, THE EVIDENCE SUPPORTING SOME INDICATIONS IS LIMITED: MANY DOCTORS ARE CAUTIOUS ABOUT PRESCRIBING CANNABIS. WHILE SERIOUS ADVERSE EVENTS ARE RARE, THERE ARE LEGITIMATE CONCERNS AROUND DRIVING, COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT AND DRUG DEPENDENCE WITH PRODUCTS CONTAINING DELTA-9-TETRAHYDROCANNABINOL. CANNABIDIOL-ONLY PRODUCTS POSE FEWER RISKS:

Volume 9 is part of a multicompendium Edible Medicinal and Non-Medicinal Plants, on plants with edible modified stems, roots and bulbs from Acanthaceae to Zygophyllaceae (tabular) and 32 selected species in Alismataceae, Amaryllidaceae, Apiaceae, Araceae, Araliaceae, Asparagaceae, Asteraceae, Basellaceae, Brassicaceae and Campanulaceae in detail. This work is of significant interest to medical practitioners, pharmacologists, ethnobotanists, horticulturists, food nutritionists, botanists, agriculturists, conservationists, and general public. Topics covered include: taxonomy; common/ vernacular names; origin/ distribution; agroecology; edible plant parts/uses; botany; nutritive/medicinal properties, nonedible uses and selected references.

La historia del hombre está estrechamente ligado con las plantas medicinales, a las cuales hasta hoy recurre para la curación de sus males y dolencias. Muchas plantas medicinales, aromáticcis y especies como el hinojo,anís y amapola se usaban 4000 años a. C.; el ajonjolí se usaba como medio de cambio y las maderas olorosas y resinas eran incorporadas en sus rituales religiosos. Tratamientos curativos basados en canelo, tomillo, hierbabuena y mejorana fueron descritos por el padre de la medicina, Hipócrates. En esa misma época Carteabas, famoso herborista, escribió un manual en el que detallaba cuatrocientas plantas con sus aplicaciones.

Cover -- Title -- Copyright -- End User License Agreement -- Contents -- Foreword -- Preface -- List of Contributors -- Environmental Chemistry: Applications, Interactions and Paradigm Shift in Futuristic Approaches -- Vinod Praveen Sharma1,*, P. Sharma2 and Abdul Rahman Khan3 -- INTRODUCTION -- INDUSTRIALIZATION AND CHEMICAL RESEARCH WORKS -- PARADIGM CHANGES AND INNOVATIONS -- AGRICULTURAL CHEMISTRY AND GREENER HABITATIONS: INTERLINKS -- FUTURISTIC APPROACHES -- BIOMATERIALS -- ENVIRONMENTAL CONSCIOUSNESS AND CARBON FOOTPRINT REDUCTION -- NEW CHEMICAL ENTITIES AND STRUCTURE-ACTIVITY RELATIONSHIPS -- INTERFACE BETWEEN MEDICINAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY -- INFERENCES -- CONCLUDING REMARKS -- CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION -- CONFLICT OF INTEREST -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENT -- REFERENCES -- Medicinal Chemistry: Opportunities and Challenges -- Jamal Akhtar Ansari1,2,*, Abbas Ali Mahdi1 and Zafar Alam2 -- INTRODUCTION -- SOURCES OF A DRUG -- SYNTHETIC SOURCES -- PLANT-DERIVED SECONDARY METABOLITES/PHYTOCHEMICALS -- MICROBIAL METABOLITES -- MARINE INVERTEBRATES DERIVED COMPOUNDS -- PORIFERA -- CNIDARIA -- MOLLUSCA -- ARTHROPODA -- RECOMBINANT DNA TECHNOLOGY -- ANIMAL-BASED MEDICINES -- DESIGNING OF NEW CHEMICAL ENTITIES (NCES) -- DEGRADATION OF DRUGS -- CHALLENGES IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY -- CONCLUDING REMARKS -- CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION -- CONFLICT OF INTEREST -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENT -- REFERENCES -- Environmental Xenoestrogens: Developmental Effect On Changing Environment, Molecular Mechanisms, and Human Health -- Atul Gupta1 and Imran Ahmad2,* -- INTRODUCTION -- Estrogens -- Biosynthesis of Estrogens -- Glandular Estrogen Synthesis -- Extra-glandular Synthesis -- Classification of Estrogens -- Steroidal Estrogens -- Nonsteroidal Estrogens -- Functions and Mechanism of Action of Estrogens -- Estrogen Receptors -- Xenoestrogens -- Natural Environmental Estrogen.

The global economic effect of the five driving chronic diseases-malignancy, diabetes, psychological instability, CVD, and respiratory disease- could reach $47 trillion throughout the following 20 years, as indicated by an examination by the World Economic Forum (WEF). As per the WHO, 80% of the total people principally those of developing countries depend on plant-inferred medicines for social insurance. The indicated efficacies of seaweed inferred phytochemicals are demonstrating incredible potential in obesity, T2DM, metabolic syndrome, CVD, IBD, sexual dysfunction and a few cancers. Hence, WHO, UN-FAO, UNICEF and governments have indicated a developing enthusiasm for these offbeat nourishments with wellbeing advancing impacts. Edible marine macro-algae (seaweed) are of intrigue in view of their incentive in nutrition and medicine. Seaweeds contain a few bioactive substances like polysaccharides, proteins, lipids, polyphenols, and pigments, all of which may have useful well-being properties. People devour seaweed as nourishment in different structures: crude as salad and vegetable, pickle with sauce or with vinegar, relish or improved jams and furthermore cooked for vegetable soup. By cultivating seaweed, coastal people are getting an alternative livelihood just as propelling their lives. In 2005, world seaweed generation totaled 14.7 million tons which has dramatically increased (30.4 million tons) in 2015. The present market worth is almost $6.5 billion and is anticipated to arrive at some $9 billion in the seaweed global market by 2024. Aquaculture is perceived as the most practical methods for seaweed generation and records for around 27.3 million tons (over 90%) of global seaweed creation per annum. Asian nations created 80% for world markets where China alone delivers half of the complete interest. The best six seaweed delivering nations are China, Indonesia, Philippines, Korea, and Japan.