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I’ve written a few sceptical posts here over the years about the annual (or so) Technology Investment Network’s (TIN) boosterish reports on the New Zealand tech sector. The overall story was just even close to as upbeat as the reports liked to make out. Yesterday a link to a new TIN report turned up in … Continue reading The manufacturing sector

The manufacturing sector of any country bears significant importance. Globalisation, and in particular, enhanced exports are generally believed to benefit developing countries. And with Pakistan's exports concentrated largely in textile and semi-manufactures, the country needs to strengthen this sector. Since the foreigncurrency dominated export prices for developing countries are largely determined in the international market, any downward slide in them exerts a downward slide in foreign-exchange export earnings. It is therefore imperative, for a country like Pakistan, to prevent the decline in manufacturing output, not only to sustain but also to increase the export share and hence to gain external competitiveness in this sector.

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to document the transformation of developing Asia's manufacturing sector during the last three decades.Design/methodology/approachThe paper briefly discusses the transformation during the last 30 years and benchmarks the sector by estimating a regression based on the logistic pattern of growth. It then summarizes the main findings.FindingsIt is found that: the share of developing Asia in world manufacturing output has increased significantly since the 1970s; the increase is concentrated in a number a countries, mostly the NIES, China, Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand; and there has been an important technological upgrading as the share of more technologically advanced manufacturers has increased. However, the increase is also concentrated in a reduced group of countries.Originality/valueThe findings in the paper should be of value to both other researchers and policy makers trying to understand industrialization.

India today is at the cusp of a paradigm change in its growth and its position in the world. Its rapid development in all fields has been faster than anywhere else in the world and it is emerged as a global power for its skilled workforce including both men and women. In today's time women are not only competing but also matching their steps with men in many fields. Though, women have proved their mettle, but their presence in manufacturing sector seems to be negligent or on decline. Indian manufacturing sector is predominantly employs majority of the males. . It is also seen that there are a less number of women who are currently work or are keen to work in this sector. "Women may not be as welcome" in manufacturing isn't only about perception, but it is found globally in a recent report from the International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC) that women are paid about 18 percent less than men doing the same manufacturing work on average and this is the fourth largest gender pay gap of any industry, according to the study. If Indian women are achieving success and climbing corporate ladders in all sectors then, why is she lagging behind in this sector? This paper focuses on assessing the employment opportunities for women, challenges being faced by them at work and future scope and to further explore the working environment of manufacturing sector for women.

The focal point of the investigation is the private industrial sector. The investigation looks to the urban informal sector and also to the public enterprises as reference groups

Despite witnessing a decade of rapid economic growth, an acceleration of growth in the organised manufacturing sector has eluded India. Using data from the An nual Survey of Industries, we examine the factors holding back the growth of output and employment in this sector. We find that there are heterogeneities in the performance of the manufacturing sector across industries and states. Recent economic growth has benefited industries which rely more on capital and skilled workers as opposed to unskilled/low skilled workers. This fact combined with the rising capital intensity of production over the decade partly explains the limited contribution of the manufacturing sector to employment generation. At the state level, we find that states with more inflexible labour regulations have witnessed slower growth in employment and output in manufacturing than states with more flexible labour market regulations. However, it would be incorrect to put the entire onus of the dismal performance of the manufacturing sector on labour regulations as firms are responding to rigidities in the labour market in innovative ways such as the greater use of contract workers. Factors such as cumbersome product market regulations and infrastructural bottlenecks have also adversely affected the growth of the manufacturing sector. Given that the days of industrial licensing are gone and markets are influenced not only by regulations enacted by central government, but also those enacted by state governments, much of the action for improving the business environment needs to be taken at the state level.