Suchergebnisse

The 2016 Omani Municipal Council election was held in the backdrop of the economic problems facing the Gulf States due to the decline in international oil prices. Hence, the cut in social security and continued concerns over economy were major issues. This was partly responsible for a low turnout, though a free and fair election was an important takeaway. In comparison to the previous municipal council election, more female candidates were elected and joined the council in 2016. Whereas various encouraging developments can be assuaged including the evolution of the electoral process, growing participation of women, and use of new state-of-the-art technology, the pace of democratization remains painfully slow.

Research Paper With the increase and growth of urbanisation decentralisation of power to urban local bodies had become a major policy initiative of the Indian Government. Mizoram had undergone rapid urbanisation and according to 2011 Census more than half (52.11%) of the total population resides in urban areas. Aizawl, the capital of Mizoram is home to more than one-third of the total population. Through the enactment and enforcement of the 74th Constitutional Amendment, Aizawl Municipal Council was formed in 2008 which was upgraded to Corporation in 2015 by the Fourth Amendment of the Mizoram Municipalities Act, 2007. The concept of Municipal Council administration is very new to the citizens of Mizoram. This paper attempts to probe into the awareness of people on Aizawl Municipal Council among 134 households in two localities namely Bungkawn representing high level development locality and Zemabawk representing low level of development. Keywords: Urban governance, Municipal Council, Aizawl Municipal Council, awareness

The purpose of this paper is to survey the trends in the history of local government in Ontario which are gradually eliminating independence or self-government from municipal councils in Ontario. We are not here as much concerned with considering the desirability or otherwise of these trends as with recording the facts of the situation. Whether for better or for worse, the municipal councils in Ontario, as local self-governing units, have been, and are continuing to be, more and more restricted and circumscribed. They are becoming merely agents for other local units of government and for the central provincial government. The various aspects of this situation will be considered under the following headings, namely: (1) the establishment of subsidiary or auxiliary boards of varying degrees of independence; (2) imposition of obligatory and uncontrollable expenditure and the elimination of sources of revenue; (3) imposition of restrictions on control of municipal officials and employees; (4) the development of the Ontario Municipal Board; (5) establishment of the Department of Municipal Affairs; (6) municipal subsidies.In general, the activities of a modern municipal government fall into two main classes-legislative and administrative. Of these, the first is of relatively minor importance. The second is essential to the everyday life of the individual, particularly of the urban dweller. As it is not possible, in the space available, to deal with all types of municipal government in the Province, this paper will be limited to a survey of the situation as it applies to the larger urban municipalities where the problem is most acute.

Municipal Solid Waste Management (MSWM) is one of the main challenges in urban environment in most of the countries around the world. Sri Lanka is one of the examples. MSWM is an alarming aspect that needs higher attention from the central government and local government authorities in a country. The case study area of Gampaha Municipal Council (GMC), in the last three years, waste generation is about 45-50 metric tons per day and collect only about 15-20 metric tons per day. GMC collects only about 35% of wastes. Urbanization, population growth, growing economies, and the rise of living standards of people have triggered this challenge. This study is designed to identify key issues related to MSWM with special reference to GMC in Sri Lanka. This study used a mixed research method to collect data and analysis. Data collection was conducted through semi-structured in-depth interviews with key informants (07), informal interviews with residents (20), field observations and secondary datasources. The findings of the study reveal that even, there are laws, policies concerning the effective management of solid waste in Sri Lanka, implementation and monitoring are the problematic areas. The legal systems need to be tightened and penalties need to be established for defaulters/polluters, especially for polluters and companies creating excessive waste. The next issues are a lack of proper source separation and lack of minimization of waste at the point of generation. Further, a lack of knowledge in developing technically sound and contextually relevant MSWM approaches in the Municipal Council and No proper record-keeping system in the council such as to identify the types, volume, quality of waste in lane-specific, zone-specific ways and lack of financial support for MSWM can be identified as key issues. MSWM should be an adaptive management approach and evolved to suit the resilient urban environment. In addition, national and local level governments need to run frequent awareness campaigns. The deployment of resources ...

As men and women are sociologically different, scientific literature attempts to explain differences in public outcomes in terms of the gender of elected representatives. In the municipal sphere, few studies have analyzed the short- and long-run effects of the gender of the mayor and the councillors on global budgetary policy. Our research aims to fill this gap. One of our main findings is that a change from a male to a female mayor, or a change in the proportion of female councillors ideologically alienated from a female mayor, has a significant impact on budgetary policy. We have also verified that the presence of female politicians with a right-wing ideology on a municipal council leads the municipality to lower levels of current expenditure with respect to non-social spending in both the short and the long term.

Drawing on theories from social constructivism and political science, the argument of my paper, based on my ongoing PhD research, focuses on two points. How risks – defined using a territorial approach as the confrontation between possibilities of an accident and various stakes (social, economic, cultural, environmental or patrimonial) – are tolerated as part of a complex urban network system and fully integrated as a metropolitan policy. How risks management – defined as a cross-sector public policy integrating civil security, environmental or health policies – represents a space of political and administrative conflicts between traditional responsibilities of the Central State (civil security) and local professionalisation in the fields of environment management, economical development or urban planning.

Drawing on theories from social constructivism and political science, the argument of my paper, based on my ongoing PhD research, focuses on two points. How risks – defined using a territorial approach as the confrontation between possibilities of an accident and various stakes (social, economic, cultural, environmental or patrimonial) – are tolerated as part of a complex urban network system and fully integrated as a metropolitan policy. How risks management – defined as a cross-sector public policy integrating civil security, environmental or health policies – represents a space of political and administrative conflicts between traditional responsibilities of the Central State (civil security) and local professionalisation in the fields of environment management, economical development or urban planning.

Drawing on theories from social constructivism and political science, the argument of my paper, based on my ongoing PhD research, focuses on two points. How risks – defined using a territorial approach as the confrontation between possibilities of an accident and various stakes (social, economic, cultural, environmental or patrimonial) – are tolerated as part of a complex urban network system and fully integrated as a metropolitan policy. How risks management – defined as a cross-sector public policy integrating civil security, environmental or health policies – represents a space of political and administrative conflicts between traditional responsibilities of the Central State (civil security) and local professionalisation in the fields of environment management, economical development or urban planning.

Drawing on theories from social constructivism and political science, the argument of my paper, based on my ongoing PhD research, focuses on two points. How risks – defined using a territorial approach as the confrontation between possibilities of an accident and various stakes (social, economic, cultural, environmental or patrimonial) – are tolerated as part of a complex urban network system and fully integrated as a metropolitan policy. How risks management – defined as a cross-sector public policy integrating civil security, environmental or health policies – represents a space of political and administrative conflicts between traditional responsibilities of the Central State (civil security) and local professionalisation in the fields of environment management, economical development or urban planning.