Suchergebnisse

This paper will examine the changes in government policies across the world in the past few decades with a view to show the tendencies of the national governments to create favourable environments to attract foreign direct investment. The general belief has been that the positive spillovers from MNEs justify the negative impacts such as crowding out and disadvantaging indigenous firms. Following a review of the policy changes particularly those relating to corporation tax we offer the arguments for and against inward investment by MNEs. The review highlights the dynamic effects between corporate tax planning and the national social-economic development. Using the case studies of two countries (United Kingdom and The Netherlands) we review the governments industrial and taxation policies and examine the way such policies have impacted on the presence of the MNEs in those markets. The research will examine the effectiveness of the corporate taxation as a mechanism to overcome market failure but this study also argues that these mechanisms can also work as a mechanism that promotes market failure. The aim of this study is to review alternative ways for more effective distribution of wealth within and between countries. We argue that the national policies cannot be designed in isolation and a joint effort at an international level is needed if the gap in income and equality is to be narrowed in a meaningful manner.

Abstract
This study explores the decision-making behaviour of economic actors in relation to transfer pricing by applying a three-layer practice theory. A critical review of the literature using snowball sampling and a thematic analysis of interview data from the Ministry of Finance, tax consultants and the Zimbabwe Revenue Authority bring to light novel conceptualisations and perspectives on the transfer pricing phenomenon. This study addresses scholarly gaps by exploring a confluence of legal, implementation and exploitative dimensions in transfer pricing regulation. The study also makes a novel contribution by proposing a model that could be useful to policymakers and tax authorities in ameliorating tax avoidance through transfer pricing.

Purpose
The relationship among foreign direct investment, multinationals, inequality and growth is a vexing one that has occupied considerable scholarly and practical attention for many decades. To date, international business scholars have not fully concerned themselves with this issue (Buckley, Doh and Benischke, 2017, for an exception). This paper aims to briefly review this literature and report some of the insights of this work. The author draws from and integrates this literature, concluding that multinationals and the foreign investment that emanate from them have a generally positive impact on growth and a generally negative impact on income and wealth equality. The author then details some of the potential contributions MNEs can make to attenuate the negative relationship of foreign direct investment (FDI) on equality, concluding that governments and their policies are the primary vehicle for addressing wealth and income inequality.


Design/methodology/approach
This paper is an essay.


Findings
The relationship between inequality, growth and FDI is complex. On balance, FDI contributes to growth but may exacerbate inequality under some conditions. More research needs to be conducted, and policymakers need to carefully consider these nuanced relationships.


Originality/value
The paper provides review of the relationship of FDI, growth and inequality.

Preface -- Introduction -- Preamble to MNEs -- Globalization & governance -- Globalization, FDI & growth -- Economic globalization & MNEs -- MNEs and corporate governance -- MNEs & management -- MNEs & management -- The impact of MNEs -- Law in globalization -- Law and MNEs -- MNEs & competition -- MNEs & digital economy -- Conclusions -- Index