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AbstractThe development of the shipping industry has been traditionally based on bank loans. An important step in the credit granting process is the application for the loan and the consequent evaluation of this application by the bank. Numerous bankers, consultants, as well as academics have been addressing this matter, presenting requirements to be satisfied and attributing values indicating the soundness and the financial strength of the applicant (company and/or individual), in relation to the characteristics of the loan application in the loan approval process. The work, however, done on the construction of standardized models able to combine all these criteria and provide relative weighting to assist the decision‐making process of the Bank's Credit Committee is limited.The ability of the multi‐criteria methods to utilize both qualitative and quantitative criteria in the evaluation process renders them a comprehensive tool for the formulation and expression of the shipping credit granting decision. This paper proposes a multi‐criteria methodology for the evaluation of credit applications and for the selection of those applications that better match the policy of the bank as well as the industry knowledge and the shipfinance experience of the decision maker. The study illustrates the application of the method using a suitable set of ship loan applications and the model developed is evaluated according to its usefulness in a decision process. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Bidal Aguero was born on July 23, 1949, and attended Texas Technological College (later Texas Tech University) in the fall of 1967. While there, he became active a Mexican American student organization called Los Tertullianos, becoming vice-president in 1970 and president in 1971. Los Tertullianos organized gatherings and seminars to encourage Mexican American students to be more politically active. Aguero graduated from Texas Tech in December 1972 with a B.A. in music education and after working for Learn-Education Talent Search for seven months, he helped found COMA (Commerciantes Organizacion Mexicano Americano), the Mexican-American Chamber of Commerce, in 1972. ; He joined La Raza Unida Party, ran for local offices such as county commissioner, and participated in organizing protests for injustices done against Mexican Americans. Aguero was one of those who filed a lawsuit against the Lubbock Independent School District to change its method of electing school trustees. Aguero has worked in several local social service organizations such as Defensa, Inc., Chicanos Unidos-Campensions, and Llano Estacado Farmworkers of Tejas and government groups such as the South Plains Association of Governments, the State of Texas, and the City of Lubbock. Aguero is currently publisher of one of the two weekly Spanish newspapers in Lubbock, El Editor. ; Aguero has worked in several local social service organizations such as Defensa, Inc., Chicanos Unidos-Campensions, and Llano Estacado Farmworkers of Tejas and government groups such as the South Plains Association of Governments, the State of Texas, and the City of Lubbock. Aguero is currently publisher of one of the two weekly Spanish newspapers in Lubbock, El Editor. ; Full biography can be found at http://www.lib.utexas.edu/taro/ttusw/00042/tsw-00042.html ; The collection consists of personal, financial and business records, civil rights and social service organizational materials, and government papers. ; Bidal Aguero Papers, 1949-1988 and undated, Southwest ...

AbstractBlack farmers have historically been discriminated against in services from the federal government, including access to credit. Discrimination can take the form of delayed loan processing requests, which can affect timely planting, harvesting, feeding of livestock, and farm performance. This study uses nationwide, farm‐level data from 2009 to 2021 from the Farm Service Agency's direct farm loan program to investigate racial discrimination in the farm loan program. Findings reveal loan processing times average longer for Black borrowers on operating loans, though with a substantial state‐level variation. Specifically, it takes an average of more than two additional days for Black farmers' operating loan applications to be completed and another two additional days to be processed. However, there was no significant difference in time for farm ownership loans suggesting a more nuanced cause than outright racial discrimination. Other factors that increased loan processing time for borrowers included larger loan amounts, more complex loan types, a mix of collateral, and being a new borrower.

This report focuses on the distribution of American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) broadband funding with respect to project category, program, technology deployed, state-by-state distribution, and other factors.

Report of the Texas State Auditor's Office related to an investigation by the State Auditor's Special Investigations Unit into allegations of forged College Access Loan applications, which led to indictments for Brenda Francis and Christopher Abrego on counts of forgery, securing execution of a document by deception, theft, and tampering with a governmental record.

Purpose– The aim of the paper is to analyse female and male loan officers' (LOs) risk aversion as they assess different types of small- and medium-sized enterprises' (SMEs) loan applications.Design/methodology/approach– The data were gathered from a sample of 75 Swedish LOs, using the repertory grid technique and related questions. The data were analysed statistically.Findings– The findings demonstrate that female LOs focus more on collateral (used as a proxy for risk aversion) in their evaluations of first-time loan applications than male LOs. However, the findings also suggest that there are no significant differences between the two groups as far as risk aversion when they evaluate additional loan applications. The other variables controlled for (age, tenure, insight, education, and location) did not significantly affect the LOs' risk aversion.Research limitations/implications– The study might have benefited from the use of complementary data collection approaches. Access to actual assessment and decision-making procedures could have increased the understanding of female and male LOs' attitudes toward risk.Practical implications– The findings suggest that by the use of female-male LO teams, banks may achieve more balanced assessments of SMEs' loan applications.Originality/value– To the authors' knowledge, the literature has not explicitly addressed risk aversion among female and male LOs with respect to different types of bank loans. Moreover, the authors investigated risk aversion in the context of standardised assessments procedures used to reduce exposure to credit risk.

Abstract
Do different loan application formats affect consumer loan requests? Six studies show that when consumers are asked to provide a preferred monthly payment (MP) (vs. loan amount [LA]), they request different principal amounts. This is because these loan application formats differ in the scale-compatible information they bring to consumers' mind. When LAs are elicited, consumers think of and request the cost of the expenditure they seek to finance. When MPs are elicited, however, consumers think of their monthly budget slack to construct and then request MPs they perceive to be affordable. For lower cost loans with a given term and interest rate, the MP (vs. LA) format results in larger principal requests. This effect reverses for higher cost acquisitions because individuals' budget slack caps out around $500 per month. These studies provide insight into how consumer loan application formats can affect consumer borrowing, as well as the psychological underpinnings responsible for the effect. Theoretical, managerial, and consumer welfare implications of the findings are discussed.

"December 1981." ; Includes bibliographical references. ; Mode of access: Internet.

Cooperative societies are growing in Nigerian Educational institutions. Members of different groups within theseacademic settings have been coming together to support each other financially through saving and incidental accessto loans. A good example of such cooperative groups is ASUP SICHST Makarfi cooperative society limited. Oneof the key challenges that most of these societies face in their day-to-day administration is the use of manualtechniques for management of cooperative records. ASUP SICHST Markarfi cooperative society limited is used asthe case study in this work. The society is registered by government of Kaduna State and is operating at Shehu IdrisCollege of Health Sciences and Technology, Makarfi. Despite having some proposals for deploying ICT solutionsto manage cooperative activities, it was observed that there is paucity of works that specifically identify the needto provide solutions to loan application management problem in a custom scenario. This study proposed a webbased loan application management system that addresses the identified problems in the current manual system.The solution was developed with focus on features that cater for loan application management function in thecooperation society, in a custom manner. MySQL, PHP, HTML, CSS and JQuery were the tools used for theimplementation. The new system is found to be custom-developed and can promote the creation and managementof members' loan applications in the cooperative society. It is believed that this approach is better when it comesto deploying solutions for the management of custom operations of cooperative society activities.