Suchergebnisse

Development cooperation is an integral part of India's foreign policy and India has been extending cooperation to its fellow developing countries since even before its independence in 1947. In present times, India's development coop- eration is manifested through its 'development compact' comprising five com- ponents, namely capacity building and skill transfer, technology and related partnerships, development finance (which includes concessional loans and lines of credit [LOCs]), grants, and trade and investment. Of late, Indian extension of LoCs through the EXIM Bank of India has also become a prominent modality of development cooperation. However, in many a cases it has been seen that the projects faced a number of challenges for effective delivery. This article explores these challenges and other issues related to quality and timely delivery of the projects. It also explains the evolution of the scheme IDEAS and discusses new guidelines by the Government of India.

"We argue that a firm's aggregate risk is a key determinant of whether it manages its future liquidity needs through cash reserves or bank lines of credit. Banks create liquidity for firms by pooling their idiosyncratic risks. As a result, firms with high aggregate risk find it costly to get credit lines from banks and opt for cash reserves in spite of higher opportunity costs and liquidity premium. We verify our model's hypothesis empirically by showing that firms with high asset beta have a higher ratio of cash reserves to lines of credit, controlling for other determinants of liquidity policy. This effect of asset beta on liquidity management is economically significant, especially for financially constrained firms; is robust to variation in the proxies for firms' exposure to aggregate risk and availability of credit lines; works at the firm level as well as the industry level; and is significantly stronger in times when aggregate risk is high. Consistent with the channel that drives these effects in our model, we find that firms with high asset beta face higher spreads on bank credit lines"--National Bureau of Economic Research web site

Le missioni, compiute a nome del Governo italiano negli Stati Uniti d'America negli anni 1944-1947, compongono l'argomento trattato nel primo capitolo della presente tesi di dottorato. I rappresentanti del Governo italiano riallacciarono i rapporti con i businessmen americani, che avrebbero giocato un ruolo importante nella ripresa delle relazioni Italia-Stati Uniti. Il secondo capitolo è dedicato alle corrispondenze dagli Stati Uniti del delegato della Banca d'Italia, Giorgio Cigliana Piazza, negli anni 1947-1949. Cigliana prestava grande attenzione all'opinione pubblica americana. Le sue corrispondenze permettono di approfondire il punto di vista dei businessmen americani sull'Italia. Il terzo capitolo è dedicato alla Banca Mondiale. Negli anni novanta, gli studiosi italiani, soprattutto quelli d'impostazione meridionalista, hanno iniziato a studiare i rapporti Banca Mondiale-Italia. Nella nostra ricerca, abbiamo approfondito i rapporti Banca Mondiale-Italia nei primi anni d'attività del Piano Marshall. Abbiamo poi studiato il management della Banca Mondiale e la figura del presidente Eugene R. Black. Infine, abbiamo ripercorso l'iter di concessione dei prestiti all'Italia e alla Jugoslavia nel 1951. Nella considerazioni conclusive abbiamo proposto una disamina delle fonti, conservate presso l'archivio storico della Banca Mondiale, relative all'Italia dal 1952 al 1956. ; The missions, on behalf of Italian government to United States of America from 1944 to 1947, are the subject of the first chapter of the present PhD thesis. The Italian government representatives held relationships with American businessmen, who are going to play a role in restarting the Italy-USA relationship. The second chapter is dedicated to the correspondences, from USA, of the Bank of Italy delegate, Giorgio Cigliana Piazza, from 1947 to 1949. Cigliana gave great attention to American public opinion. His correspondences allow us to study the American businessmen point of view on Italy. The third chapter is dedicated to World Bank. During the Nineties, the Italian historians, especially the experts of Southern-Italian history, had started to study the World Bank-Italy relationship. On our research we inquired into the World Bank-Italy relationship during the first years of Marshall Plan's activity. We continued to study the World Bank management and the role of its President, Eugene R. Black. At last, we retreated the making loans iter to Italy and Jugoslavia in 1951. At the ending conclusions, we proponed the analysis of the World Bank archive source concerning Italy from 1952 to 1956. ; Dottorato di ricerca in Storia dell'Europa XIV-XX secolo (XXVIII ciclo)