Suchergebnisse

In this important work, Professor Brendan Kelly explores the background to Irish psychiatry in the 1800s and its development. Using detailed case studies from the original records, the author examines some of the more bizarre treatments explored, and the history behind them. What emerges is a collection of piercing, untold stories of crime and illness, drama and tragedy. They are filled with a sense of powerlessness amongst those detailed and enthusiastic, if somewhat misguided, paternalism amongst those trying to help, and looks at the foundations for the treatment of mental illness in Irelan

The author illustrates the relations in Italy between industry and the medical-hygienic situation in the XIX century. Italy started industrial processes raher late, about 1840, and between 1840 and 1870, for the first rime, a remarkable quantity of publications about working class life conditions appeared. Special attention was given to spinning-mill workers, who -as Tonini, Ripa and Bonomi describe in their treatises - suffered a very hard life and working conditions, cold, damp, a very poor diet based on stale bread, furthermore, women ha dangerous pregnacies and their babies were extremely undernourished, because of bottle-feeding caused by the impossibility of mothers to take their infants with them. These conditions produced numerous gastric, rheumatic and respiratory diseases. At the end of the XIX century Mantegazza defined, for the first time, professional diseases from a clinical and social point of view. Investigations acquired a more rigorous and scientific character by dividing into a series of subjects such as, for instance, the study of "unhealthy industries". Legislation was adapted quite late, and produced in 1888 the "Crispi act". Key words: Industrial-Social disease - XIX century

A condensation of a Chpt of Talmon's forthcoming The High Tide of Political Messianism. The early 19th cent witnessed an outcrop of revolutionary movements in which religious motivations mingled with radical tendencies unleashed by the French Revolution & the Industrial Revolution. France was the center of this unrest, & French Socialism became its chief vehicle during the generation which followed the fall of Napoleon & the restoration of the old regime in 1815. Of the competing Socialist Sch's, that of Henri de Saint-Simon was for a time the most influential; & though its founder died virtually unknown in 1825, his followers played a part in the revolutionary upheaval of 1830, before declining through splits & dissensions into yet another quasi-religious sect. Some aspects of this movement, with special reference to the part played in it by Jewish intellectuals are analyzed. It is Talmon's thesis that the Messianic strain in traditional Jewish thinking accounts for the prominence of recently emancipated Jews among the SaintSimonists, whose doctrine had a religious as well as a pol'al character. J. A. Fishman.

ABSTRACTDrawing primarily upon data from the various censuses conducted in Ireland after the Act of Union in 1800, this paper seeks to elucidate the changing position of older people in Ireland during the Victorian period. Following the Great Famine of 1845–1849, it is argued, Ireland was transformed from a young, growing country to one that, by the end of the 19th century, had become 'prematurely' old. By the end of Victoria's reign, not only had Ireland grown 'old', but its older population were more likely to be identified as paupers. Later-life expectancy decreased and sickness and infirmity among the over-60 s increased. By employing a stricter form of 'less eligibility' in the drafting and implementation of the Irish Poor Law, proportionately more older people received indoor relief than outdoor relief compared with the rest of the British Isles. Not until the Old Age Pensions Act in 1908 did these disparities begin to change, by which time many of these 'other' Victorians had passed away.