Suchergebnisse

This study aims to develop a contextual model with the practices of IT-institutional alignment for university performance. Based on the prior studies and an extended literature review, six hypotheses were put forward. With a survey research strategy, data were collected from 166 university and government institutions' staff in Rwanda. Findings indicate a significant positive influence of the six categories of IT-institutional alignment practices on institutional performance. The mostly correlated alignment practices with a more significant positive effect were those related to "Structure/Governance," "Skills," and "Communication." Moreover, an IT-Institutional Alignment Model (ITIAM) for the university performance was proposed with 44 practices. This study suggests that for improving the institutional performance through the integration of IT in service delivery, decision makers, and the university managers can primarily prioritize these alignments practices with greater positive influence. Further research could evaluate the ITIAM model for its acceptability and relevance in Rwandan universities or similar contexts. ; PhD Research in Computer and Systems Sciences

Reducing carbon emissions from the transport sector has become a critical imperative for public policy as our understanding of the impacts of the mobility system on the environment has developed. This paper contrasts policy development in three cities (Aberdeen, Bremen and Malmö) that collaborated as part of a European Union knowledge exchange programme designed to share innovative approaches to carbon reduction in the transport sector. We identify a number of critical aspects of governance, including the approach to policy formulation and implementation, and the status of consensus and cohesion, as key determinants of transport outcomes. We conclude that the degree of institutional alignment evident in each city's governance network is crucial in explaining their appetite for the pursuit of low carbon policies, and in turn the real potential for policy transfer to occur as envisaged by European Union collaboration frameworks.

Reducing carbon emissions from the transport sector has become a critical imperative for public policy as our understanding of the impacts of the mobility system on the environment has developed. This paper contrasts policy development in three cities (Aberdeen, Bremen and Malmö) that collaborated as part of a European Union knowledge exchange programme designed to share innovative approaches to carbon reduction in the transport sector. We identify a number of critical aspects of governance, including the approach to policy formulation and implementation, and the status of consensus and cohesion, as key determinants of transport outcomes. We conclude that the degree of institutional alignment evident in each city's governance network is crucial in explaining their appetite for the pursuit of low carbon policies, and in turn the real potential for policy transfer to occur as envisaged by European Union collaboration frameworks.

Reducing carbon emissions from the transport sector has become a critical imperative for public policy as our understanding of the impacts of the mobility system on the environment has developed. This paper contrasts policy development in three cities (Aberdeen, Bremen and Malmö) that collaborated as part of a European Union knowledge exchange programme designed to share innovative approaches to carbon reduction in the transport sector. We identify a number of critical aspects of governance, including the approach to policy formulation and implementation, and the status of consensus and cohesion, as key determinants of transport outcomes. We conclude that the degree of institutional alignment evident in each city's governance network is crucial in explaining their appetite for the pursuit of low carbon policies, and in turn the real potential for policy transfer to occur as envisaged by European Union collaboration frameworks.

This paper explains the institutional logics of academia, and of practitioners within industry and government, as well as the alignment and misalignment that occurs when these actors collaborate. This is achieved by building on the theories on alignment and misalignment and institutional logics, whilst conducting an explorative case study of a circular economy cluster from the Tampere Region of Finland. This paper offers three main contributions: First, convergence and divergence of institutional logics by industry, government, and academic actors can lead to alignment and misalignment at three levels: actor-type, relationship, and system levels. Second, partial alignment and misalignment are found to be in-between modes of alignment, which challenges the idea that alignment and misalignment are dichotomous. Instead, alignment and misalignment should be seen as the two ends of a continuum. Third, alignment and misalignment are dynamic by nature, because institutional logics change and modify during collaboration. For practice, this paper gives advice on how collaboration between academia and practitioners can be advanced to achieve alignment and avoid misalignment. ; publishedVersion ; Peer reviewed

In the current European energy transition we witness that the recent (and in part still ongoing) shift from energy provision by government enterprises to provision by private corporations (albeit not always fully privatized), is followed by a shift towards energy provision by private collectives (e.g. communities) - as the energy market does not seem to live up to the desired sustainability objectives. From a legal governance perspective this latest shift begs the question if upon the hybrid outcomes of the first shift (leading to 'regulated markets' as institutional environments in between public hierarchy and the free market) we find ourselves confronted by further hybridization, matching regulated markets to the institutional arrangements of civil society co-operatives. The paper focuses especially on the normative understanding of these institutional shifts, i.e. the related normative alignment or institutional resilience in terms of legal opportunities and constraints to these shifts. While 'normative alignment' focuses attention to the legal liberties and legal abilities that, as legal opportunities, characteristically fit a particular institutional environment (including the use of green certificates), 'institutional resilience' is especially about the question to what extend normative institutional settings are legally constraining to certain governance arrangements, especially when either governments and/or corporations become strongly involved in community initiatives. The paper presents an analytical approach built upon institutional legal theory and geared towards supporting legal design in the field of the European energy transition.

Previous analysis of legislative voting has focused on the behavior of nominal legislative parties, regardless of whether the country under examination was an established democracy or a newly democratized country. This approach is inadequate for countries with young party systems. To establish the extent to which legislative coalitions are party based, scholars must allow for the possibility that institutional incentives predominate over party influence. For this study, I applied a Bayesian discrete latent variable method to identify the legislative coalitions in the 1996‐99 Duma. I found that legislative alignments cut across party lines: electoral incentives and support for the president contribute to divides within parties that lack coherent platforms. Here I present a novel methodological approach to the identification of intraparty divisions and the major determinants of legislative coalitions in many legislative settings. This approach allows a comparison of the importance of party influence relative to other institutional incentives. It is especially useful for analyzing legislative voting in young party systems and where constitutional frameworks and electoral systems subject legislators to competing pressures.