Suchergebnisse

The quality of wheat is a pre-eminent factor in the criteria for commercialization of this cereal, and several parameters contribute to the evaluation of wheat quality. The objective of this study was to verify the effects of nitrogen fertilization on the cover and the environment for wheat cultivars and the effects on the industrial quality of the grain. Furthermore, we sought to identify correlations between the parameters of industrial quality. Experiments were conducted in Londrina for 2 years, in two distinct environments (A1 and A2). The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with four replications. The cultivars IPR Catuara TM, BRS Gaivota, Quartzo, and CD 120 were evaluated with different forms of nitrogen management: N1, without N in coverage; N2, 60 kg ha-1 of N in the form of urea at the beginning of tillering; N3, 80 kg ha-1 of N in urea formulation (60 kg ha-1 in tillering and 20 kg ha-1 in booting); N4, 100 kg ha-1 of N in the form of urea (60 kg ha-1 in tillering and 40 kg ha-1 in booting); N5, 80 kg ha-1 of N (60 kg ha-1 of N in the form of urea at the beginning of tillering, and 20 kg ha-1 of N in the form of ammonium sulfate in booting); N6, 100 kg ha-1 of N (60 kg ha-1 of N in the form of urea at the beginning of tillering, and 40 kg ha-1 of N in the form of ammonium sulfate in booting). Further, we evaluated grain yield, protein content, sedimentation volume with sodium dodecyl sulfate, and parameters of alveograph and farinograph. Nitrogen fertilization did not influence industrial quality parameters. The stability of the mass was influenced by the isolated effects of cultivars and the environment. The interaction of cultivars and environments influenced the parameters of alveograph and water absorption of the mass. The higher the protein content, the lower the stability of the mass, independent of the cultivar.

The application of trinexapac-ethyl in white oats, in addition to controlling lodging, can modify the architecture of the plant, which can favor good growth and development and the production of well-formed, large and heavy grains, characteristics that are valued by the food industry oat processing. However, the responses of the white oat genotypes regarding the effect of doses and times of application of the growth reducer can be variable. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of different doses and application times of the growth regulator trinexapac-ethyl on the industrial quality of white oat grains. The experiment was carried out with the cultivar IPR Artemis, under a randomized block design with four replications, in a 4 x 3 factorial scheme, corresponding to four doses of trinexapac-ethyl (0, 50, 100 and 150 g ha-1) and three application times (E1: plants with the 1st noticeable node; E2: between the 1st visible node and the 2nd noticeable node and E3: plants with the 2nd visible node and 3rd noticeable node). The weight of one thousand grains, hectoliter weight, percentage of grains with thickness greater than two millimeters, husking index and industrial grain yield were evaluated. The application of trinexapac-ethyl regardless of the stages at doses of 0 and 50 g ha-1 does not interfere with the industrial quality of grains, but at doses of 100 and 150 g ha-1, at times E2 and E3, there is a reduction in industrial quality of grains (weight of a thousand grains, hectoliter weight, percentage of grains thicker than two millimeters, hulling and industrial grain yield) of the cultivar IPR Artemis.

The European Eco-Management and Audit Scheme and the ISO 14001 environmental management standard are currently getting widely adopted by firms. This research shows that the diffusion represents a significant step of the environmental management rationalisation (in firms). This phenomenon gets benefit from the very wide diffusion of quality assurance's standards. The latests' principles are being transposed to environment by means of environmental management schemes. Indeed the application of those standards relies on competencies acquired by industrial organisations regarding quality management : activity's formalisation, management tools, transversal management. However, the " extension " of the quality assurance to new applications fields take a specific meaning in regard of the current evolution of environmental issues. In fact, environmental management schemes contribute to the emergence of a negociated regulation of environment. A higher competency of the industrialists, the involvment into an innovation and permanent improvement's dynamic as well as the investment into management tools allow the firms to be an actor of this negociated regulation. ; Les référentiels de " management environnemental ", le Règlement Européen Éco-audit et la norme ISO 14001, connaissent aujourd'hui une large diffusion auprès des entreprises. La thèse montre que cette diffusion constitue une étape significative de la rationalisation de la gestion de l'environnement dans l'industrie. Certes, ce phénomène hérite de la très large diffusion des normes d'assurance de la qualité. En effet, les référentiels de management environnemental transposent à l'environnement les principes de ces dernières. Aussi, la mise en oeuvre de ces référentiels s'appuie-t-elle sur les compétences acquises par les organisations industrielles en matière de gestion de la qualité : formalisation des activités, instrumentation de gestion, gestion transversale. Cependant, cette " extension " du champ d'application de l'assurance qualité prend un sens ...

The European Eco-Management and Audit Scheme and the ISO 14001 environmental management standard are currently getting widely adopted by firms. This research shows that the diffusion represents a significant step of the environmental management rationalisation (in firms). This phenomenon gets benefit from the very wide diffusion of quality assurance's standards. The latests' principles are being transposed to environment by means of environmental management schemes. Indeed the application of those standards relies on competencies acquired by industrial organisations regarding quality management : activity's formalisation, management tools, transversal management. However, the " extension " of the quality assurance to new applications fields take a specific meaning in regard of the current evolution of environmental issues. In fact, environmental management schemes contribute to the emergence of a negociated regulation of environment. A higher competency of the industrialists, the involvment into an innovation and permanent improvement's dynamic as well as the investment into management tools allow the firms to be an actor of this negociated regulation. ; Les référentiels de " management environnemental ", le Règlement Européen Éco-audit et la norme ISO 14001, connaissent aujourd'hui une large diffusion auprès des entreprises. La thèse montre que cette diffusion constitue une étape significative de la rationalisation de la gestion de l'environnement dans l'industrie. Certes, ce phénomène hérite de la très large diffusion des normes d'assurance de la qualité. En effet, les référentiels de management environnemental transposent à l'environnement les principes de ces dernières. Aussi, la mise en oeuvre de ces référentiels s'appuie-t-elle sur les compétences acquises par les organisations industrielles en matière de gestion de la qualité : formalisation des activités, instrumentation de gestion, gestion transversale. Cependant, cette " extension " du champ d'application de l'assurance qualité prend un sens particulier au regard de l'évolution actuelle des enjeux environnementaux. En effet, les référentiels de management environnemental participent à l'émergence d'une régulation négociée de l'environnement. Une plus grande compétence de l'industriel, l'engagement dans une dynamique d'innovation et d'amélioration permanente et l'investissement dans une instrumentation de gestion lui permettent d'être acteur de cette régulation négociée.