Suchergebnisse

Nchọcha a bụ maka Ilu Igbo: Igosipụta ọnọdụ ụmụnwaanyị n'ọkwa ọchịchị n'ala Igbo. Ihe nwanchọcha bu n'obi bụ izipụta etu ndị Igbo si eji ilu dị iche iche ha ji achọ okwu mma ezipụta na ụmụnwaanyị enweghi ọnọdụ n'ọchịchị n'ala Igbo. Nkụ dị na mba na-eghere mba nri. Ndị Igbo na-esi n'ilu dị iche iche were ezipụtaomenala ha. A bị a n'ala Igbo, ụmụnwaanyị bụ ndị a na-eleda anya nke ukwuu n'ihe gbasara ọnọdụ ọchịchị obodo dị iche iche. Odee nyochara ọnọdụ ọchịchị n'ala Igbo bido n'oge ochie ruo ugbu a; o mere ka o doo anya na n'agbanyeghị na usoro ọchịchị Bekee mere ka onye ọbụla nwee nhatanha ọnụokwu n'usoro ọchịchị mba ọbụla, ọ ka bụ ihe siri ike ugbu a nwaanyị ijide ọkwa ọchịchị n'ala Igbo. Ihe ndị a na-apụta ihe site n'ilu ndị Igbo ji ekwu okwu. Ụfọdụ ilu ndị ahụ bụ ndị a: Nwaanyị lerịa di ya, ike akpọọ ya nkụ., Ụbọchị di nwaanyị nwụrụ ka ọnụ mmiri okwu ya gwụrụ. Odee gara n'ihu wee jụọ ihe a ga-eme iji hụ na onye ọbụla nwere nhatanha ọnụokwu n'ọchịchị ododo dị iche iche. Ka o sila dị, ọ kọwapụtara na e nweela mgbanwo pụtatra ihe n'etu ndị Igbo si elegara ụmụnwaanyị anya n'ihe gbasara ọchịchị . Nke a pụtara na ụmụnwaanyị ji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-abanye n'ọkwa ọchịchị dị iche iche ugbu a.
English Abstract
Igbo Proverbs: X -Ray of the position of women in leadership position in Igboland. The writer intends to manifest how the Igbos use their proverbs to show that women have no chance in Igbo leadership position. The research was guided by transformational theory of leadership. The researcher traced the history of Igboleadership system from the time prior to the advent of the colonial masters till the present age. It was discovered that the Igbos look down on women when it comes to major decision making. They manifest this attitude through the proverbs they use in their daily conversations. Some of those proverbs are Nwaanyị lerịa di ya, ike akpọọ ya nkụ.(If a woman kooks down on her husband she would have a dry buttocks) Ụbọchị di nwaanyị nwụrụ ka ọnụ mmiri okwu ya gwụrụ. (whenever a woman loses her husband, she loses her speep saliva). However, it was noticed that in the present age, women are gradually being recognized in decision making process among the Igbos. He finally advocates that gender should not prevent peoples' participation in leadership. Every person should be equal before the law. As such, women should not be excluded from leadership position among the Igbo.

Ndi Igbo are known by their symbols. Aesthetic relates to the principles of beauty and taste of an art. Aesthetics and Ethics often overlap to the degree that this impression is embodied in a moral ethical code. The symbols in Igbo land are of the ethical codes of the society that project its aesthetic values as such they have what they value as beauty in art or expression. Today, the average Igbo child has lost the grip of the meaning and value of these symbols. It is difficult for such a child to recognize and understand the meaning of such art, both as an expression and as an object. The writers therefore want to use this medium to awaken the interest and consciousness of the Igbo child about one of the African (Igbo) most valued culture, which is in symbols. The researchers attend this goal by reviewing related works and interviewed people. The findings of this work are that a lot of Igbo symbols abound and not much of them are transmitted to the younger generations. As a result, Igbo children do not use them or understand them as symbols rather they see them as ordinary words, expressions and objects. Therefore, the writers suggest that the Igbo child of today's aesthetic and value can be developed through symbolic treasure.

A bilingual dictionary example is a verbal or non-verbal phrase or a grammatically complete sentence that includes the lemma and is translated from the source language to the target language or vice versa (Toope 1996). The use of examples in bilingual dictionaries has been an issue of discussion for many lexicographers like Al Kasimi (1977), Zofgen (1991), Jacobsen et al (1991), and Nielsen (2014) among others. This issue includes questions like 'What is an effective example?', 'Should examples be based on authentic material or should they be written (invented) by the lexicographer? This paper reviews metalexicographic literature on examples in bilingual dictionaries while focusing on two Igbo-English dictionaries with a view to finding out if certain considerations were taken into account in the use of examples. Consequently, it is observed that factors such as availability of space, dictionary type as well as idiosyncratic information, amount of information to be given and the need for generalization all influence the use of examples in both dictionaries thereby leading the researcher to conclude that the use of examples in Igbo-English dictionaries does not deviate but aligns with the norms reviewed in the literature.
Keywords: Bilingual Dictionary, Metalexicography, Lemma, Examples

In dem Beitrag wird in einem historischen Überblick die Herausbildung der jüdischen Bevölkerung in Preußen nachgezeichnet, und zwar im wesentlichen von 1671, dem Beginn einer zielstrebigen Judenpolitik, bis 1815, weil seit dem Wiener Kongreß bis in die 1860er Jahre die staatlichen Grenzen Preußens unverändert blieben. Es werden die Hintergründe für das Grundprinzip der preußischen Judenpolitik erläutert, nur wohlhabende Juden in Preußen zu dulden. Die Auswirkungen der polnischen Teilungen auf die Situation der Juden werden diskutiert. Bis zum Ende des 18. Jahrhunderts und auch darüber hinaus wird eine Vielfalt der Judenschaft konstatiert. Es kann nicht von einer homogenen Gruppe der Juden in Preußen gesprochen werden. Zur preußischen Politik gegenüber den Juden wird festgestellt, daß eine Vereinheitlichung bis in die erste Hälfte des 19. Jahrhunderts nicht zustande kam. (ICA)

La commensalità implica, tra gli Igbo della Nigeria, diversi tipi di relazioni sociali e di simbolismo. Quando vi è un decesso il lignaggio maggiore del morto smette di cucinare. Gli amici e gli affini devono cucinare il cibo per coloro che sono in lutto. Ma non da tutti gli amici o affini si può ricevere cibo in simili occasioni. Ogni errore di condotta al riguardo può suscitare gravi sospetti. Così, chi prepara il cibo, chi lo riceve, dove viene servito, può indicare la struttura delle relazioni sociali esistenti in una comunità. L'offerta di noce di cola può trasmettere messaggi culturali diversi. La formalizzazione dell'atto di donazione indica la maturita anagrafica, sociale e politica dell'ospitante. Normalmente, è infatti l'ospitante che offre la noce all'invitato, e l'atto significa benvenuto e segno di pace; ma il ruolo può anche invertirsi. L'accettazione della noce di cola da parte dell'ospitante significa che questi ha compreso ciò che è implicito nel dono: una richiesta di pace o della mano di una ragazza. La noce di cola segna anche la differenza esistente tra sessi perché alle donne non è consentito offrire formalmente agli uomini né gli uomini alle donne. Per un gruppo, accogliere l'atto di spartizione della noce di cola significa che i membri si conoscono a vicenda e consentono allo scopo della riunione. La spartizione viene così ad esprimere unità, uguaglianza, pace e accordo.

In dem Beitrag werden das Leben der Igbo, ihre Weltanschauung und Kosmographie untersucht. Dies geschieht mit Hilfe einer Analyse, die die früheren Migrationen vom Ursprungsgebiet zu den neuen Siedlungsgebieten, die Auswirkungen der Bevölkerungsdichte, die Sozialstruktur und die daraus resultierenden landwirtschaftlichen Praktiken berücksichtigt. (DÜI-Ott)