Suchergebnisse

Indonesian government concerned to determine the future of the Pacific and Indian Ocean Region through new vision as the world maritime fulcrum. Significant growth in Indian Ocean region urges a cooperation approach between littoral countries located around the Indian Ocean and lead the establishment of Indian Ocean Rim Association (IORA). The cooperation will lead to the accomplishment of the Indonesia's national interests. On the other side, the potential trade volume in the Indian Ocean region cannot be reached because of limited maritime infrastructure that facilitates the current trade. IORA should develop a master plan or blueprint on connectivity that will provide the infrastructure development agenda with the Public-Private Partnership to accelerate the infrastructure development. By this situation, the development of maritime infrastructure can be a double advantage for Indonesia because it will connect APEC and IORA. The important things to consider in terms of security is a potential threat both to security and defense if the government decided to open and build a deep seaport in Western Sumatera and Java Island.It is important to evaluate the potential threats and challenges if Indonesia wants to be a fulcrum of world maritime activity.

ABSTRAKThe Indian Ocean Rim Association (IORA) is a form of regional cooperation of the coastal nations of the Indian Ocean that was established in 1997. Unlike other regional cooperation in the world that often emphasizes the political aspect. This association emphasizes the basis of economic and socio-cultural cooperation. For its member countries, the existence of IORA is very important in maximizing the economic, social and cultural benefits while keeping this area as a peaceful region. Given the importance of this regional cooperation, Indonesia as an IORA member country continues to play a significant role in strengthening the existence of this association and while continuing to develop bilateral forms of cooperation between the coastal nations of the Indian Ocean that can benefit Indonesia's national interests. In order to expand the forms of international cooperation within the IORA, the Indonesian government continues to maximize its efforts by engaging various stakeholders, including local governments. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the importance of IORA for Indonesia, especially Aceh Province and how we can optimize the role of Aceh within the framework of IORA cooperation.Kata kunci: IORA, regional cooperation, Indonesia, Aceh Province

Maritime security in the Indian Ocean needs to be conceptualised. Thus, a rethink about injecting momentum into collective regional cooperation via IORA is required. ...

After the economic reform in 1978, China experienced a rapid economic growth. The open door policy adopted on economic reforms succeeded in attracting many foreign investors in the sector of manufacture. Along with its status as a new power of the world economy, China is also ambitious to become the largest maritime power. The Indian Ocean is a strategic area to strengthen China's steps to support economic needs and become a maritime power. To achieve strategic interests in the Indian Ocean Region, China joins as an IORA partner. China's effort to dominate at the IORA is not only to recruiting rival countries, but also to built strategic partnerships with the countries in the Indian Ocean region. Besides Pakistan and Myanmar, China has also established strategic partnerships with Iran, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka. For strategic partner, China is seen as an alliance in strengthening politics in their country and is a supplier of military weapons and technology with affordable prices. This paper will explain the China's interests in the IORA and China's position compared to other IORA member, and also China's strategy. The results obtained shows that China has the potential to become a maritime power at the IORA.

This article analyzed the opportunities and challenges of Indonesia maritime diplomacy in the context of the Indian Ocean Rim Association (IORA). As part of the effort to realize the policy of global maritime fulcrum, Indonesia utilizes maritime diplomacy to look for the close cooperation and agreements with IORA member countries. Up to date, Indonesian foreign policy, specifically in the maritime field is tending to be more dominant to the Pacific Ocean rather than the Indian Ocean. Thus, this paper will explain how Indonesia implements its maritime diplomacy within IORA, and what the opportunities and challenges faced by Indonesia inside the association. Using the method of literature study, this descriptive paper uses the concept of maritime diplomacy and global maritime fulcrum in order to explain the study. This paper argues that IORA's strategic policy in maritime security and economic policies, links with Indonesia policy in global maritime fulcrum. Thus, Indonesia uses maritime diplomacy to take the advantages and opportunities to enhance maritime connectivity and cooperation with IORA members. Nevertheless, several issues challenge Indonesia like the increasing of great power states maritime influence such as India and China in the Indian Ocean, as well as challenges in integrating IORA member states.

Maritime sovereignty is an integral part of the Indonesia's foreign policy, historically in the era of Nusantara, many competitions to conquer maritime territory was even tangible from the era of Majapahit and Sriwijaya kingdom during their ruling. With the notion of Indonesia as the world's maritime axis, Indonesia's diplomacy is defined clearly by the manifestation of efforts either in bilateral, regional, and multilateral. This article discussed on how Indonesia's diplomacy through IORA cooperation is done to overcome the issue of IUU fishing during the presidency of Joko Widodo from 2015 until 2020. Indonesia's IORA Chairmanship from 2015-2017 has rejuvenate Jakarta's maritime diplomacy. Indonesia's diplomacy depicted that Indonesia is beyond thatn norm-setting but also to the level where Indonesia assert their identity as a sovereign maritime axis amid the challenges and modernization that made non-traditional security as one of the core of contemporary diplomacy.

Kawasan Samudera Hindia atau disebut juga Samudera Indonesia merupakan kawasan samudera terluas ketiga di dunia, yang meliputi 20% dari keseluruhan luas permukaan Bumi (sekitar 68.556 juta km2)dan dengan garis pantai sepanjang 66.526 km yang merangkul 38 Negara dan total jumlah penduduk lebih dari separuh penduduk dunia di belahan bumi Selatan. Uniknya Samudera inni adalah satu-satunya yang dinamai mengikuti nama Negara di Selatan yaitu Indonesia atau Hindia, yang merujuk pada sejarah kekuatan pelaut-pelaut kita pada jaman dahulu. Wilayah Samudra Hindia menjadi wilayah geopolitik yang semakin penting akhir-akhir ini dan ditandai dengan persaingan yang melibatkan negara-negara yang memiliki pantai di Samudera Hindia dengan kekuatan eksternal yang tetap berusaha mempertahankan eksitensinya paska perang dingin dan juga membangun eksistensi baru, seperti China. Dalam kondisi lingkungan strategis global yang dinamis dan juga di lingkup regional mempengaruhi 38 Negara yang mengelilingi Samudera Hindia, dan 22 diantaranya tergabung dalam Asosiasi Negara Lingkar Samudra Hindia / Indian Ocean Rim Association (IORA), dan 13 negara merupakan peserta Konferensi Asia Afrika (KAA) yang diselenggarakan di di Gedung Merdeka, Bandung, Indonesia, pada tanggal 18 April-24 April 1955. KAA yang diprakarsai oleh 5 Negara Asia dan Afrika menandai pertemuan tingkat puncak para pemimpin kemerdekaan negara-negara Asia dan Afrika yang pertama dan juga hasil dari visi politik dan perencanaan yang matang. Hal tersebut menjadi warisan yang sangat penting dan merupakan pemicu terbentuknya banyak organisasi lain seperti Gerakan Non Blok tahun 1961 dan G77 pada tahun 1964. Salah satu organisasi yang muncul kemudian adalah IORA yang didirikan tanggal 6 Maret 1997 di Ebene, Mauritius dan merupakan kesimpulan dari perjanjian multilateral yang dikenal sebagai Charter of the Indian Ocean Rim Association for Regional Co-operation (IOR-ARC) (Piagam Asosiasi Lingkar Samudra Hindia untuk Kerjasama Regional). IOR-ARC secara resmi diluncurkan, dengan sebelas negara anggota. Mengamati perkembangan lingkungan strategis global dan regional, dirasakan perlu untuk mengkaji posisi Indonesia di kawasan Samudera Hindia dengan menggunakan skenario perubahan sistem, mengingat perubahan yang ada di kawasan dan global sangat dinamis. Kajian dilakuan dengan pendekatan analisis intelijen dengan menggunakan fakta dan data yang dapat dikumpulkan sejauh ini dan dengan menggunakan skenario perubahan sistem dan pendekatan kekuatan PMESII-PT (Politik, Militer, Ekonomi, Sosial, Informasi, Infrastruktur, Lingkungan Fisik, dan Waktu).

Indian Ocean Rim Association (IORA) adalah pelopor dan asosiasi teritorial tunggal di wilayah Laut Hindia yang memegang peranan penting, terutama bagi perekonomian. Rencana masalah: 1) Bagaimana inklusi dan minat Indonesia dalam Indian Sea Edge Affiliation (IORA)? 2) Apa konsekuensi dari Indian Sea Edge Affiliation (IORA) untuk eksplorasi yuridis regularisasi ini. Sumber informasi adalah informasi penting dan informasi tambahan. Melaporkan berbagai informasi studi. Pemeriksaan berakhir: 1) Kecenderungan Indonesia sebagai kegiatan untuk mencegah praktik pencurian 2) Konsekuensi bagi Indonesia, khususnya: bidang keamanan, politik dan keuangan.

Tulisan ini membahas upaya keterlibatan Indonesia untuk menginternasionalisasikan konsep blue economy dengan mengambil studi kasus pada kepemimpinan Indonesia di IORA periode 2015-2017. Kepemimpinan Indonesia memprakarsai KTT IORA 2017 dan menghasilkan dokumen penting IORA Concord, IORA Action Plan dan Deklarasi Jakarta tentang Ekonomi Biru. Tulisan ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan sumber-sumber yang diperoleh secara dokumenter, studi kepustakaan, dan penelusuran data online untuk memperkuat argumentasi penulis. Blue Economy merupakan konsep yang dikembangkan oleh Gunter Pauli yang memadukan unsur ekonomi dan lingkungan. Agenda Indonesia untuk mengedepankan konsep ini untuk meningkatkan ekonominya, mengukuhkan kepentingan politisnya dan memperkuat pengaruhnya di Samudra Hindia, dan menyelamatkan lingkungan. Penelitian menggunakan teori rezim internasional untuk melihat perkembangan blue economy sebagai aturan dan norma yang menjadi pengikat Indonesia dengan IORA dan teori norm life cycles yang membahas tentang siklus hidup norma blue economy yang menjelaskan tentang kaitan Indonesia dengan kemunculan blue economy mulai periode Presiden Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono sampai Presiden Joko Widodo, kepemimpinan Indonesia dalam mempersuasi dan mensosialisasikan blue economy dan internalisasi blue economy dalam ruang lingkup IORA. Penelitian ini juga membahas output yang didapatkan setelah Indonesia bertindak sebagai blue economy norm entrepreneur yaitu mendapatkan pengakuan internasional tentang kemampuan Indonesia, hal ini sejalan dengan usaha Indonesia yang berusaha untuk mewujudkan Poros Maritim Dunia.Kata Kunci : Blue Economy, IORA, Norm entrepreneur, Norm Life Cycles, Rezim Internasional.

The Indo-Pacific is an increasingly contested space. Literature on the region revolves around the notion that China's deepening regional footprint has exacerbated apprehensions in Washington, Canberra, New Delhi, and Tokyo. Some worry that Xi might institute a security architecture with the 'Middle Kingdom' at the center rivalling the US hub-and-spokes model. Others, less apprehensive (and […]