Industrialization
In: Economic Ideas Leading to the 21st Century; The Japanese Economy, S. 69-99
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In: Economic Ideas Leading to the 21st Century; The Japanese Economy, S. 69-99
In: The Strategy of Development in Bangladesh, S. 67-98
In: Enviro-graphics
"Readers will learn about the history, importance, and environmental impacts of industrialization through colorful and clear graphics, such as maps, charts, and infographics. Book also includes a glossary, index, suggested books and websites, and a bibliography"--
In: Social research: an international quarterly, Band 16, Heft 1, S. 158
ISSN: 0037-783X
In: Social research: an international quarterly, Band 8, Heft 1, S. 438
ISSN: 0037-783X
Health Industrialization discusses the way healthcare professionals distinguish between medicine, surgery, and diet and lifestyle guidelines. In other words, the ways that medicine aims to provide quantity of life. Men and women would rather remain in good health as long as possible and compensate for the deficiencies that crop up to the best of their abilities. Hence, they are looking for quality of life that results in tensions brought on by different objectives. This book hypothesizes that this tension is the cause of an industrialization of medicine or health that depends to a degree on the point-of-view we choose
In: The economic history review, Band 39, Heft 2, S. 307
ISSN: 1468-0289
After the Second World War, Mozambique went through a series of transformations, from an incipient industrializing colonial society to an independent country with a central planned economy, plus a regional and internal war, and finally from 1994 onwards, a multi-party democracy with a mix of market economy and a still strong public hand. Although growing at more than 7 per cent annually since 1992, the economy is mostly based on low-productivity agriculture. Manufacturing contributes with less than 15 per cent of its GDP, but mineral coal and natural gas tend to expand significantly. The economy faces the challenge to diversify, integrate and industrialize.
BASE
We see industrialization in China the last 150 years as an ongoing process through which firms acquired and deepened manufacturing capabilities. Two factors have been consistently important to this process: openness to the international economy and domestic market liberalization. Openness and market liberalization are usually complementary: One without the other can seriously limit benefits. For a latecomer like China, modern industry initially finds its most success in more labor-intensive products that require only modest capabilities. Gradual upgrading entails the shift into more skilled-labor and capital-intensive products and processes. China's experience shows that government can both support and obstruct this process. Our review of long-term data shows that i) China's industrial growth rate has consistently exceeded that of Japan, India and Russia/USSR not just in recent decades but throughout most of the 20th century; ii) China's shift from textiles and other light industry toward defense-related industries began before rather than after 1949, as did the geographic spread of industry beyond the initial centers in the Lower Yangzi and the Northeast (formerly Manchuria) regions; iii) the state sector has consistently been a brake on industrial upgrading, highlighting the significance of current reform initiatives in determining China's future industrial path.
BASE
In: Globalizing South China, S. 176-204
In: Research series on the Chinese dream and China's development path
Based on long-term research, this book comprehensively and systematically discusses the industrialization process in China, analyzing the level, characteristics, achievements and experiences as well as the problems faced. It also provides answers to important questions related to economic development and the industrialization process in China, such as what level of industrialization China has achieved and whether China can become an industrialized country. Lastly, it offers an explanation of China's economic development from the perspective of industrialization.--
In: University paperbacks 315
In: Debates in economic history
In: The journal of environment & development: a review of international policy, Band 6, Heft 4, S. 464-465
ISSN: 1070-4965
In: The annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, Band 233, Heft 1, S. 121-126
ISSN: 1552-3349
I provide a new theory of the relationship between economic development and democracy. I argue that a large share of employment in manufacturing (i.e., industrialization) makes mass mobilization both more likely to occur and more costly to suppress. This increases the power of the masses relative to autocratic elites, making democracy more likely. Novel manufacturing employment data for 145 countries over 170 years (1845--2015) supports this hypothesis. First, all highly developed countries in the West and East Asia democratized when approximately 25% of their workforce was employed in manufacturing, and virtually no other country has ever reached this level without eventually becoming a well-functioning democracy. Second, industrialization is strongly correlated with democracy, even after accounting for two-way fixed effects and other economic determinants of democracy (e.g., income and inequality). Last, unlike with other economic determinants the effect occurs on both transitions and consolidations, and is equally large after WWII.