Suchergebnisse

LÖSCH legt mit "Genomprojekt und Moderne" eine Analyse der (vornehmlich deutschen resp. europäischen) Diskurse über Biotechnologie und Bioethik vor. Er zeigt die Konstruktion wissenschaftlicher "Wahrheit" und ihre Objektivierung, die Umsetzung dieser Objektivierung in Normen und Regulationen und die Rückwirkung dieser Normen auf Individuen, v.a. in genetischer Diagnostik und Beratung. LÖSCHs inspirierende Interpretationen machen den Band durchaus lesenswert, wenngleich seine empirische Fundierung stellenweise unzureichend ist.

The sequencing of the entire human genome has opened up unprecedented possibilities for healthcare, but also ethical and social dilemmas about how these can be achieved, particularly in developing countries. UNESCO's Bioethics Programme was established to address such issues in 1993. Since then, it has adopted three declarations on human genetics and bioethics (1997, 2003 and 2005), set up numerous training programmes around the world and debated the need for an international convention on human reproductive cloning. Negotiating Bioethics presents Langlois' research on the negotiation and implementation of the three declarations and the human cloning debate, based on fieldwork carried out in Kenya, South Africa, France and the UK, among policy-makers, geneticists, ethicists, civil society representatives and industry professionals. The book examines whether the UNESCO Bioethics Programme is an effective forum for (a) decision-making on bioethics issues and (b) ensuring ethical practice. Considering two different aspects of the UNESCO Bioethics Programme - deliberation and implementation - at international and national levels, Langlois explores: - how relations between developed and developing countries can be made more equal - who should be involved in global level decision-making and how this should proceed - how overlap between initiatives can be avoided - what can be done to improve the implementation of international norms by sovereign states - how far universal norms can be contextualized - what impact the efficacy of national level governance has at international level Drawing on extensive empirical research, Negotiating Bioethics presents a truly global perspective on bioethics

"In 2000, the National Human Genome Research Institute announced the completion of a "draft" of the human genome, the sequence information of nearly all 3 billion base pairs of DNA. In the wake of this major scientific accomplishment, the focus on the genetic basis of disease has sparked many controversies as questions are raised about radical preventative therapies, the role of race in research, and the environmental origins of illness. In The Material Gene, Kelly Happe explores the cultural and social dimensions of our understandings of genomics, using this emerging field to examine the physical manifestation of social relations. Situating contemporary genomics medicine and public health within a wider history of eugenics, Happe examines how the relationship between heredity and dominant social and economic interests has shifted along with transformations in gender and racial politics, social movement, and political economy. Happe demonstrates that genomics is a type of social knowledge, relying on cultural values to attach meaning to the body. The Material Gene situates contemporary genomics within a history of genetics research yet is attentive to the new ways in which knowledge claims about heredity, race, and gender emerge and are articulated to present-day social and political agendas. Kelly E. Happe is assistant professor of communication studies and womens studies at the University of Georgia"--

The hoosier connection : compulsory sterilization as moral hygiene / Elof Axel Carlson -- The Indiana way of eugenics : sterilization laws, 1907-74 / Jason S. Lantzer -- From better babies to the bunglers : eugenics on tobacco road / Paul A. Lombardo -- "Quality, not mere quantity, counts" : black eugenics and the NAACP baby contests / Gregory Michael Dorr and Angela Logan -- From legislation to lived experience : eugenic sterilization in California and Indiana, 1907-79 / Alexandra Minna Stern -- Eugenics and social welfare in new deal Minnesota / Molly Ladd-Taylor -- Reassessing eugenic sterilization : the case of North Carolina / Johanna Schoen -- Protection or control? Women's health, sterilization abuse, and Relf v. Weinberger / Gregory Michael Dorr -- Are we entering a "perfect storm" for a resurgence of eugenics? Science, medicine, and their social context / Linda L. McCabe and Edward R. B. McCabe -- Modern eugenics and the law / Maxwell J. Mehlman