Suchergebnisse

ABSTRACTExpansion of French health insurance coverage has increased funding for dental care for economically disadvantaged adults. This study aimed to measure clinical and self‐perceived oral health, behaviors, and use of dental services by adults who were eligible for such coverage. The regional agency that gives administrative services for the health insurance funds provided a sample of 900 adults aged 35–44 years, insured through this program. We reached 805 of these adults by mail; of these 18% were surveyed and clinically examined. Self‐perceived oral health was measured by the Global Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) and participants' attitudes to dental health, by questionnaire. Decayed and Missing teeth constituted 40% of the DMFT. Participants reported poor oral health (63%), and 79% perceived a need for care, although they used dental services infrequently and had poor knowledge of available services. Cost of care and number of carious teeth were important predictors of the GOHAI.

In this stated preferences study, we describe for the first time French citizens' preferences for various epidemic control measures, to inform longer-term strategies and future epidemics. We used a discrete choice experiment in a representative sample of 908 adults in November 2020 to quantify the trade-off they were willing to make between restrictions on the social, cultural, and economic life, school closing, targeted lockdown of high-incidence areas, constraints to directly protect vulnerable persons, and reduction in the risk of hospital overload. The estimation of mixed logit models with correlated random effects shows that some trade-offs exist to avoid overload of hospitals and intensive care units. The willingness to accept restrictions was shared to a large extent across subgroups according to age, gender, education, vulnerability to the COVID-19 epidemic, and other socio-demographic or economic variables. However, individuals who feel at greater risk from COVID-19, and individuals with high confidence in the governmental management of the health and economic crisis, more easily accept all these restrictions. Policy simulations show that the scenario close to a targeted lockdown or with medically prescribed self-isolation are those satisfying the largest share of the population while achieving high gain in average welfare.

In this stated preferences study, we describe for the first time French citizens' preferences for various epidemic control measures, to inform longer-term strategies and future epidemics. We used a discrete choice experiment in a representative sample of 908 adults in November 2020 to quantify the trade-off they were willing to make between restrictions on the social, cultural, and economic life, school closing, targeted lockdown of high-incidence areas, constraints to directly protect vulnerable persons, and reduction in the risk of hospital overload. The estimation of mixed logit models with correlated random effects shows that some trade-offs exist to avoid overload of hospitals and intensive care units. The willingness to accept restrictions was shared to a large extent across subgroups according to age, gender, education, vulnerability to the COVID-19 epidemic, and other socio-demographic or economic variables. However, individuals who feel at greater risk from COVID-19, and individuals with high confidence in the governmental management of the health and economic crisis, more easily accept all these restrictions. Policy simulations show that the scenario close to a targeted lockdown or with medically prescribed self-isolation are those satisfying the largest share of the population while achieving high gain in average welfare.

In this stated preferences study, we describe for the first time French citizens' preferences for various epidemic control measures, to inform longer-term strategies and future epidemics. We used a discrete choice experiment in a representative sample of 908 adults in November 2020 to quantify the trade-off they were willing to make between restrictions on the social, cultural, and economic life, school closing, targeted lockdown of high-incidence areas, constraints to directly protect vulnerable persons, and reduction in the risk of hospital overload. The estimation of mixed logit models with correlated random effects shows that some trade-offs exist to avoid overload of hospitals and intensive care units. The willingness to accept restrictions was shared to a large extent across subgroups according to age, gender, education, vulnerability to the COVID-19 epidemic, and other socio-demographic or economic variables. However, individuals who feel at greater risk from COVID-19, and individuals with high confidence in the governmental management of the health and economic crisis, more easily accept all these restrictions. Policy simulations show that the scenario close to a targeted lockdown or with medically prescribed self-isolation are those satisfying the largest share of the population while achieving high gain in average welfare.

In this stated preferences study, we describe for the first time French citizens' preferences for various epidemic control measures, to inform longer-term strategies and future epidemics. We used a discrete choice experiment in a representative sample of 908 adults in November 2020 to quantify the trade-off they were willing to make between restrictions on the social, cultural, and economic life, school closing, targeted lockdown of high-incidence areas, constraints to directly protect vulnerable persons, and reduction in the risk of hospital overload. The estimation of mixed logit models with correlated random effects shows that some trade-offs exist to avoid overload of hospitals and intensive care units. The willingness to accept restrictions was shared to a large extent across subgroups according to age, gender, education, vulnerability to the COVID-19 epidemic, and other socio-demographic or economic variables. However, individuals who feel at greater risk from COVID-19, and individuals with high confidence in the governmental management of the health and economic crisis, more easily accept all these restrictions. Policy simulations show that the scenario close to a targeted lockdown or with medically prescribed self-isolation are those satisfying the largest share of the population while achieving high gain in average welfare.

In this stated preferences study, we describe for the first time French citizens' preferences for various epidemic control measures, to inform longer-term strategies and future epidemics. We used a discrete choice experiment in a representative sample of 908 adults in November 2020 to quantify the trade-off they were willing to make between restrictions on the social, cultural, and economic life, school closing, targeted lockdown of high-incidence areas, constraints to directly protect vulnerable persons, and reduction in the risk of hospital overload. The estimation of mixed logit models with correlated random effects shows that some trade-offs exist to avoid overload of hospitals and intensive care units. The willingness to accept restrictions was shared to a large extent across subgroups according to age, gender, education, vulnerability to the COVID-19 epidemic, and other socio-demographic or economic variables. However, individuals who feel at greater risk from COVID-19, and individuals with high confidence in the governmental management of the health and economic crisis, more easily accept all these restrictions. Policy simulations show that the scenario close to a targeted lockdown or with medically prescribed self-isolation are those satisfying the largest share of the population while achieving high gain in average welfare.

In this stated preferences study, we describe for the first time French citizens' preferences for various epidemic control measures, to inform longer-term strategies and future epidemics. We used a discrete choice experiment in a representative sample of 908 adults in November 2020 to quantify the trade-off they were willing to make between restrictions on the social, cultural, and economic life, school closing, targeted lockdown of high-incidence areas, constraints to directly protect vulnerable persons, and reduction in the risk of hospital overload. The estimation of mixed logit models with correlated random effects shows that some trade-offs exist to avoid overload of hospitals and intensive care units. The willingness to accept restrictions was shared to a large extent across subgroups according to age, gender, education, vulnerability to the COVID-19 epidemic, and other socio-demographic or economic variables. However, individuals who feel at greater risk from COVID-19, and individuals with high confidence in the governmental management of the health and economic crisis, more easily accept all these restrictions. Policy simulations show that the scenario close to a targeted lockdown or with medically prescribed self-isolation are those satisfying the largest share of the population while achieving high gain in average welfare.

In this stated preferences study, we describe for the first time French citizens' preferences for various epidemic control measures, to inform longer-term strategies and future epidemics. We used a discrete choice experiment in a representative sample of 908 adults in November 2020 to quantify the trade-off they were willing to make between restrictions on the social, cultural, and economic life, school closing, targeted lockdown of high-incidence areas, constraints to directly protect vulnerable persons, and reduction in the risk of hospital overload. The estimation of mixed logit models with correlated random effects shows that some trade-offs exist to avoid overload of hospitals and intensive care units. The willingness to accept restrictions was shared to a large extent across subgroups according to age, gender, education, vulnerability to the COVID-19 epidemic, and other socio-demographic or economic variables. However, individuals who feel at greater risk from COVID-19, and individuals with high confidence in the governmental management of the health and economic crisis, more easily accept all these restrictions. Policy simulations show that the scenario close to a targeted lockdown or with medically prescribed self-isolation are those satisfying the largest share of the population while achieving high gain in average welfare.

In this stated preferences study, we describe for the first time French citizens' preferences for various epidemic control measures, to inform longer-term strategies and future epidemics. We used a discrete choice experiment in a representative sample of 908 adults in November 2020 to quantify the trade-off they were willing to make between restrictions on the social, cultural, and economic life, school closing, targeted lockdown of high-incidence areas, constraints to directly protect vulnerable persons, and reduction in the risk of hospital overload. The estimation of mixed logit models with correlated random effects shows that some trade-offs exist to avoid overload of hospitals and intensive care units. The willingness to accept restrictions was shared to a large extent across subgroups according to age, gender, education, vulnerability to the COVID-19 epidemic, and other socio-demographic or economic variables. However, individuals who feel at greater risk from COVID-19, and individuals with high confidence in the governmental management of the health and economic crisis, more easily accept all these restrictions. Policy simulations show that the scenario close to a targeted lockdown or with medically prescribed self-isolation are those satisfying the largest share of the population while achieving high gain in average welfare.

In this stated preferences study, we describe for the first time French citizens' preferences for various epidemic control measures, to inform longer-term strategies and future epidemics. We used a discrete choice experiment in a representative sample of 908 adults in November 2020 to quantify the trade-off they were willing to make between restrictions on the social, cultural, and economic life, school closing, targeted lockdown of high-incidence areas, constraints to directly protect vulnerable persons, and reduction in the risk of hospital overload. The estimation of mixed logit models with correlated random effects shows that some trade-offs exist to avoid overload of hospitals and intensive care units. The willingness to accept restrictions was shared to a large extent across subgroups according to age, gender, education, vulnerability to the COVID-19 epidemic, and other socio-demographic or economic variables. However, individuals who feel at greater risk from COVID-19, and individuals with high confidence in the governmental management of the health and economic crisis, more easily accept all these restrictions. Policy simulations show that the scenario close to a targeted lockdown or with medically prescribed self-isolation are those satisfying the largest share of the population while achieving high gain in average welfare.

<i>Aims:</i> We addressed the understudied topic of cessation interventions for adult light smokers (≤10 cigarettes daily). We identified cessation aids offered in French cessation services and their impact on cessation outcomes at 1-month follow-up. <i>Methods:</i> We retrospectively analyzed data from 36,594 smokers in cessation services nationwide. Smokers could be offered pharmacotherapy as well as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). Bivariate methods and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used. <i>Results:</i> Light smokers were 1.23 times more likely to drop out than heavy smokers. 13.3% were abstinent at follow-up versus 14.5% for heavy smokers (p = 0.013). Light smokers were offered pharmacotherapy less often than heavy smokers. Yet, among light smokers, varenicline doubled the odds of abstinence as did nicotine patch. CBT improved abstinence only when combined with nicotine patch. Intervention outcomes differed according to various profiles: light smokers self-referred or with several previous quit attempts achieved better outcomes than those not interested in quitting or referred through hospitalization. <i>Conclusion:</i> Light smokers' poor intervention outcomes might partly be explained by inadequate treatment plans in French cessation services. Our results reveal that pharmacotherapy is effective and that tailored CBT should be offered according to the variety of profiles among light smokers.

Background: There is presently a lack of information on the role of healthcare in suicidal ideation in adults. Aims: To assess the frequencies, patterns, and factors associated with the communication of suicidal ideation toward a health professional. Methods: Participants stem from a French cross-sectional survey of 22,133 randomly selected adults. Lifetime suicidal behaviors and 12-month mental disorder patterns were assessed using the short form of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview. Participants with suicidal ideation were asked whether they had talked about it and, if they had, to whom. Results: Around 20% of people with suicidal ideation had talked about this distress to a health professional. It was more frequent for people with more severe suicidal behaviors (plan or a prior attempt), among women, those aged 30 or more, those suffering from major depressive episode, panic disorder, or drug use disorder. Above all, it was more frequent among those who had also talked to friends or relatives. Conclusions: Prevention strategies that encourage suicidal persons to seek help for their distress, whoever that is, may be the more important strategies to develop.

Commensality is crucial to understanding the social organization of societies, and illustrates transformations in the relationship between humans and food. Societal changes over the last 40 years in western countries have entailed a 'destructuration' of eating patterns, an increase
in the number of solitary food consumptions and of 'snacking'. Using an ethnographic approach, this work investigates how and why young adults (18–27 years old) eat together, in an effort to explore forms and meanings of commensality among peers in this age group. The article presents
the theoretical and methodological frameworks of the study and some data collected in Lyon, Paris and Berlin among French and German young adults. The focus is on four commensal events observed during fieldwork: aperitif dînatoire, brunch, picnics and barbecues. Several common aspects
emerged from the comparison of these four eating occasions: informal table manners, nomadic behaviours, sharing of costs and tasks, intimate social relationships, and meal structure allowing freedom in food choice and rhythms. These forms of commensality serve important social functions in
young adults' lives and elucidate the nature of commensality in this age group.