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At head of title: By Order of The Minnesota Legislature of 1895. ; Mode of access: Internet.

Citation: Bliss, Zina Leigh. The forest tree a paying investment. Senior thesis, Kansas State Agricultural College, 1900. ; Morse Department of Special Collections ; Introduction: The study of Forestry as a factor in the life and civilization of our country, and its effect upon the country itself, is a question that has been sadly neglected. Since time immemorial, the tree has stood in all its silent beauty and grandeur, performing a work which is a daily blessing to every home in the land. Silently, year by year, the tree has done its noble work, yet is has received scarcely a word of praise for its mission of mercy. There has been no intention to slight an important subject, but the American mind has been filled too full by other questions. The attention has been given to political, economic, or social topics, more exciting, but less important. In clinging to the back of our own hobby, we often lose sight of the hobbies which other people ride. The politician has the money question for a hobby. In the office, on the street, or at the home, his mind is filled by this one important subject, and his time is given to convincing his friends that the adoption by the government of a single gold standard is the only thing that will keep it from following Rome in the downward step to oblivion. Another hobbyist will convince you that unless the rum traffic is crushed the country is ruined. It has been the tendency to let the factional rivalry absorb the interests of the people, at the expense of other questions less open to debate. This has been the position of the forestry question. All who will look at the facts cannot help but see what the tree is doing, and give ear to the lesson it is teaching. Yet the interests have been absorbed in other fields, and without doing anything to stop their progress, the people have stood and heard the woodman's axe and the crash of the falling trees. They have seen the brush accumulate behind the work of destruction, and watched the fire, gaining a start in this brush, then rapidly spreading in the trees and flames leaping high in air and painting upon the clouds their picture of desolation, the fury of the fire devastating miles of forest and transforming the scene of beauty to a barren waste.

The Ethiopian government has set ambitious landscape restoration targets to achieve by 2030. Here, we describe a novel approach to identify landscapes to prioritize for tree-planting-based restoration interventions in the country. Our approach, which has several advantages compared to existing prioritization methods, starts with current land use patterns and potential natural vegetation maps, and uses a wide range of other open-access spatial datasets. The approach estimates the benefits of restoration on prioritized areas compared to a null model where no prioritization is applied. Across identified prioritized landscapes, we then quantify the expected impacts of restoration in terms of the number of households that would be reached by interventions, and by estimating carbon sequestration and soil conservation potentials. Our analysis indicated that Ethiopia has high potential for achieving enhanced restoration targets through landscape prioritization. A total of almost 17 million hectares of land prioritized for tree-based restoration by our exercise could reach 4 million rural households with interventions, with 178 million tonnes of CO2 equivalent sequestered and 160 million tonnes of soil conserved annually. The prioritized landscapes could be restored with a combination of agroforestry, forest enrichment and woodland enrichment practices (on 31%, 8% and 61% of the total prioritized area, respectively). The Oromia region of Ethiopia was identified as a crucial location for intervention, containing almost half of the entire prioritized areas for restoration in the country. Our results provide the foundation for further studies to evaluate the potential impacts of tree-based restoration programmes in Ethiopia, and more widely, as the methods are of general application. Within Ethiopia, investigations in particular support the ex ante impact evaluation of the Provision of Adequate Tree Seed Portfolios project, which is developing national capacity to supply tree seed for restoration purposes. We discuss our findings in this context.

The Tweed Family Papers consists primarily of correspondence between Mrs. Richard Tweed and her children, relatives, and friends. Diaries, essays and poetry written by family members, newspaper clippings (photocopies), and financial and legal material are also included, as are a handful of photographs. All related primarily to the life of Mrs. Richard Tweed and her descendants. ; Mrs. Richard Tweed, upon whom the majority of the materials focus, was the sister-in-law of William Marcy ("Boss") Tweed, who controlled the Democratic political machine at New York City's Tammany Hall during the mid-19th century. He and his associates misappropriated public funds on a large scale, leading to his arrest and imprisonment in 1871. ; The Tweed Family Papers are organized by the following categories: Correspondence, Newspapers, Literary Production, Photographs, Financial Material, Printed Material, Scrapbook Material, Legal Material, and Artifacts. ; Tweed Family Papers, 1836-1932 and undated, Southwest Collection/Special Collections Library, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas

Understanding people's attitudes towards the urban forest is crucial in advancing the goal of urban sustainability and for proposing changes in policies and practices of local government. The aim of the thesis is to assess attitudes of residents and local government officers in order to identify barriers and opportunities for tree planting in two local government areas of Sydney region, namely Parramatta and North Sydney. A mixed methods approach within a case study is adopted to analyse data from mail-out questionnaires, semi-structured interviews and key documents. Results indicate that residents' attitudes towards trees vary depending on tree location. On private land, residents will plant because of the aesthetic and functional (shade and privacy) values of trees; whereas on public land the aesthetic and the environmental factors are relevant. The North Sydney stakeholders present a stronger aesthetic attitude. In addition, the damage done to infrastructure by roots and branches or tree age and health are motives for tree removal. Allergies are more relevant for the Parramatta municipality. Barriers to tree planting include lack of space and professional advice in private gardens, and timing and physical limitations for participating in tree programs, in North Sydney and Parramatta, respectively. Additionally, attitudes vary due to income, education and dwelling type, in particular the education variable. Six attitude groups are identified for Parramatta and four for North Sydney. A key guide is recommended to local government officers in order to identify attitude groups. The barriers for public tree planting by officers include long-term maintenance, budget, infrastructural damage and tree longevity. Constraints are soil type and space and threats from utility authorities. Lack of training, the relationship with stakeholders and undefined tree strategies are also mentioned. It is demonstrated that local governments still need to consider residents' attitudes towards trees as values differ between ...

This article presents a critical political ecology of the various forms of tree theft in a Bulgarian locality. Based on primary fieldwork carried out almost annually since 1992, Chad Staddon argues that even in a relatively tightly bounded space such as a single locality or forest stand, environment-society relationships are sufficiently complex to make the enterprises of analysis and theory-building quite challenging. Yet, as this case study of tree theft shows, it is precisely because environment-society relationships are so intertwined that a "symmetrical" treatment of humans and nonhuman actors is required that takes us well beyond the bounds of "traditional" political ecology. Locating the treatment of tree theft in just such a social theoretical framework offers many benefits. Staddon contends that it is not possible to really understand, or develop policy for, tree theft without carefully considering the relational networks that bind together all the protagonists, including loggers, foresters, policy-makers, and local people, as well as trees, forests, road networks, and other nonhuman agents.