Suchergebnisse

In the article the peculiarities of financing healthcare in Ukraine. Analyzed various sources of funding for the sector. Health expenditure per capita of the population in Ukraine and around the world have been investigated. On the basis of the analysis found that the size of budget financing are inefficient and do not meet the resource needs of the industry. Clarified the problems of resource provision of health care and the shortcomings of public Finance mechanisms. Asked to review the existing allocation mechanism of the industry and the rapid transition to a model of budgetary-insurance medicine. Keywords: realm healthcare, financing sources, government budget, expenditure, insurance medicine. JEL: H 51

Chapter 1 gives a short presentation of the health care systems in the Nordic countrieswith a focus on organization, responsibility and legislation. In Chapter 2, theinternational system of health accounts is described, and Chapter 3 provides a descriptionof the expenditure development of the health care sector in 2000-2010. Inthe main chapter of the report, Chapter 4, the financing of the health care sector inthe Nordic countries is described on the basis of the health accounts principles. InChapter 5, the Nordic reforms as to freedom of choice are presented. Chapter 6deals with diagnosis-related groups (secondary patient classification). The report iscompleted by a chapter on factors that may influence future financing of health carewith a view to the fact that the need for health care is expected to increase overtime.The purpose of this theme is to provide an overview of the financing of health care.The thematic reports also aim at developing and improving Nomesco's annual statistics.

In the article the peculiarities of financing healthcare in Ukraine. Analyzed various sources of funding for the sector. Health expenditure per capita of the population in Ukraine and around the world have been investigated. On the basis of the analysis found that the size of budget financing are inefficient and do not meet the resource needs of the industry. Clarified the problems of resource provision of health care and the shortcomings of public Finance mechanisms. Asked to review the existing allocation mechanism of the industry and the rapid transition to a model of budgetary-insurance medicine. JEL:H 51 ; В статті розглянуто особливості фінансування сфери охорони здоров'я в Україні. Проаналізовано різні джерела фінансування галузі. Досліджено витрати на охорону здоров'я у душовому вимірі в Україні та різних державах світу. На основі здійсненого аналізу встановлено, що розміри бюджетного фінансування є неефективними та не відповідають ресурсним потребам галузі. З'ясовано проблеми ресурсного забезпечення сфери охорони здоров'я та вади механізмів державного фінансування. Запропоновано переглянути існуючий механізм розподілу ресурсів галузі та прискорити перехід на модель бюджетно-страхової медицини.

Purpose – The purpose of the paper is to examine the relationship between the organisation of the state (determined by selected characteristics, i.e. the organisational structure model and the position of the SNG sector) and the organisation of the health care system, and an indication of the possible consequences for the sustainability of public finance. Research method – The author uses a method of descriptive analysis and the analysis of statistical data on health care expenditure in 12 EU Member States with an insurance model of health care. The quantitative analysis was based on the latest available statistical data (2017) from the OECD, the WHO and Eurostat databases (according to ICHA and SHA2011). Results – It was concluded that despite the legal separation and theoretical independence from the budget system, the insurance model of health care may pose a threat to the sustainability of public finance. This applies both to the state budget and the SNG sector, which is particularly vulnerable in countries where the decentralisation of public services is not accompanied by an appropriate design of the financing system. Originality /value / implications /recommendations – This paper discusses the problem of the compatibility of the health care system and state organisation, omitted in literature, including the position of the SNG sector, in the context of fiscal sustainability.

AbstractAn analysis of the financing of Nigeria's health‐care system in response to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic was conducted. Nigeria projected that it would need US$330 million to control its COVID‐19 pandemic. However, it raised more than US$560.52 million, of which more than 90% came from the private sector and the donor/philanthropist community. The pooled COVID‐19 fund is mainly being expended on temporary public health and clinical care measures, with little invested to strengthen the health system beyond the pandemic. The poor turn‐around time for COVID‐19 test results and the stigma associated with the disease results in most persons with mild to moderate symptoms seeking care from alternatives to the health‐care institutions designated for COVID‐19 health care. The huge out‐of‐pocket expenses, and the inability of most Nigerians to earn money because of measures instituted to contain the pandemic, will likely cause many Nigerians to become economically impoverished by the COVID‐19 pandemic. COVID‐19‐related commodity procurement was least responsive to the needs of those most in need of care and support. The government needs to institute several fiscal policies. Immediate response to ease the financial impact of COVID‐19 require inclusion of COVID‐19 management in health insurance packages and an increase in domestic government health spending.

AbstractMany high‐income countries have cut public health care spending since the global economic downturn in 2008. In some cases these cuts have been accompanied by calls to expand private financing to improve the efficiency of health systems. In low and middle‐income countries seeking to increase access to health care, it is sometimes suggested that private financing is more effective than public financing because of weak state institutions and bureaucratic shortcomings.In this paper, we review the theoretical and empirical evidence on private financing in terms of cost, efficiency, equity and financial protection. We consider private health insurance, medical savings accounts and user charges in high, middle and low‐income countries.The theoretical and empirical evidence reveals major market failures in the health sector. It is unlikely that private financing generates better results than public financing. Still, as private financing options are heterogeneous, it is possible that a particular form might play a beneficial role in a specific setting. Given the current state of knowledge, however, any calls to increase private financing must be accompanied by robust evidence, such as real world pilot studies.

Policy Points - We compared the structure of health care systems and the financial effects of the COVID‐19 pandemic on health care providers in the United States, England, Germany, and Israel: systems incorporating both public and private insurers and providers. - The negative financial effects on health care providers have been more severe in the United States than elsewhere, owing to the prevalence of activity‐based payment systems, limited direct governmental control over available provider capacity, and the structure of governmental financial relief. - In a pandemic, activity‐based payment reverses the conventional financial positions of payers and providers and may prevent providers from prioritizing public health because of the desire to avoid revenue loss caused by declines in patient visits.

POLICY POINTS: We compared the structure of health care systems and the financial effects of the COVID‐19 pandemic on health care providers in the United States, England, Germany, and Israel: systems incorporating both public and private insurers and providers. The negative financial effects on health care providers have been more severe in the United States than elsewhere, owing to the prevalence of activity‐based payment systems, limited direct governmental control over available provider capacity, and the structure of governmental financial relief. In a pandemic, activity‐based payment reverses the conventional financial positions of payers and providers and may prevent providers from prioritizing public health because of the desire to avoid revenue loss caused by declines in patient visits.

Study supported in part by the National Institute of Mental Health ; Bibliography: p. 180-182 ; Mode of access: Internet.

In recent years, Ukraine has undergone significant changes in the field of health care, but the peculiarities of public administration, financing and organization of the health care system in the context of perestroika, priorities of its activities, social justice in access to necessary medical services are not sufficiently substantiated. In the current conditions of health care reform in Ukraine, it is necessary to substantiate the essence and basic principles and mechanisms for improving the management and financing of this area, optimizing the relationship between the public and private sectors. One of the priorities in the restructuring of the health care system is the transfer of power to lower levels of management and funding, as well as the involvement of the private sector in the provision of health services. The most important direction of decentralization of management and financing in the field of security is, first of all, such goals as the efficiency of the system and social justice in obtaining the necessary, medically sound services. Insufficiently substantiated principles and mechanisms for the transfer of authority for management and financing in the field of health care in Ukraine, the development of privatization. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the principles and mechanisms of transfer of authority for management and financing in the field of health care, to clarify the peculiarities of balancing public and private interests. The main goal of health care is to ensure that public policy goals are achieved through the most effective means. This applies, first of all, to the transition from financing the industry on the basis of an itemized budget to contractual relations, in particular with the National Health Service of Ukraine. The transition to a contractual model of activity is that in this case the differences between the public and private sectors in this area are eliminated, as buyers may be quasi-governmental, non-governmental organizations, or corporations managed on a non-profit basis. It is argued that the success of health care restructuring in Ukraine depends to a large extent on the establishment of clear public policy objectives, including efficiency and equity, as well as the improvement of public health. The limits of the transfer of managerial and financial powers to the regional level and the level of local self-government are determined by political considerations, the amount of resources, the availability of appropriate information systems. The transition to a contract model of health care significantly eliminates the differences between the public and private sectors in this area in terms of the provision of medically necessary services. ; В останні роки в Україні здійснюються значні зміни у сфері охорони здоров'я, але особливості державного управління, фінансування та організації системи охорони здоров'я в умовах перебудови, пріоритети її діяльності, соціальна справедливість в доступі до необхідних медичних послуг, недостатньо обґрунтовані. В сучасних умовах реформування сфери охорони здоров'я в Україні необхідним є обґрунтування сутності та основних принципів і механізмів удосконалення управління та фінансування зазначеної сфери, оптимізація співвідношення між суспільним і приватним секторами. Одним з пріоритетних напрямів перебудови системи охорони здоров'я є передача повноважень на нижчі рівні управління та фінансування, а також залучення приватного сектору до надання послуг з охорони здоров'я. Найбільш важливим спрямуванням децентралізації управління та фінансування у сфері охорони є, перш за все, такі цілі, як ефективність діяльності системи та суспільна справедливість щодо отримання необхідних, медично обґрунтованих послуг. Недостатньо обґрунтовані принципи та механізми передачі повноважень з управління і фінансування у сфері охорони здоров'я в Україні, розвиток приватизації. Метою статті є обгрунтування принципів та механізмів передачі повноважень з управління і фінансування у сфері охорони здоров'я, з'ясування особливостей встановлення рівноваги між суспільними та приватними інтересами. Основна мета діяльності сфери охорони здоров'я полягає в тому, щоб досягнення цілей державної політики забезпечувалося найбільш ефективними засобами. Це стосується, перш за все, перехід від фінансування галузі на основі постатейного бюджету до договірних відносин, зокрема з Національною службою охорони здоров'я України. Перехід на контрактну модель діяльності полягає в тому, що у даному випадку нівелюються відмінності між суспільним і приватним секторами у цій сфері, поскільки покупцями можуть бути квазі-державні, неурядові організації, або корпорації, якими управляють на некомерційній основі. Обгрунтовано, що успіх перебудови сфери охорони здоров'я в Україні в значній мірі залежить від встановлення чітких цілей державної політики, зокрема ефективності та справедливості, а також покращення стану громадського здоров'я. Межі передачі управлінських та фінансових повноважень на регіональний рівень та рівень місцевого самоврядування визначаються політичними міркуваннями, обсягами ресурсів, наявністю відповідних інформаційних систем. Перехід на контрактну модель діяльності у сфері охорони здоров'я істотно нівелює відмінності між суспільним і приватним секторами у цій сфері стосовно надання медично необхідних послуг.