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Cover -- Half-title page -- Series page -- Title page -- Copyright page -- Contents -- Tables -- Figures -- Maps -- Boxes -- Preface to the second edition -- Preface to the first edition -- Introduction: What is economic history? -- Efficiency in the use of resources shapes the wealth of nations -- Outline of the chapters -- 1 The making of Europe -- 1.1 The geo-economic continuity of Europe -- 1.2 Europe trades, therefore it is! -- 1.3 The limits of geographical integration -- 1.4 From geo-economics to geo-politics: the European Union -- Summary -- 2 Europe from obscurity to economic recovery -- 2.1 Light in the Dark Ages -- 2.2 Gains from division of labour: Adam Smith revisited -- 2.3 Division of labour is constrained by insufficient demand -- 2.4 Division of labour promotes technological change -- 2.5 After the post-Roman crisis: the economic renaissance of the ninth to fifteenth centuries -- 2.6 Population -- 2.7 The restoration of a monetary system -- 2.8 Transport and trade routes -- 2.9 Urbanization -- 2.10 Production and technology -- 3 Population, economic growth and resource constraints -- 3.1 Historical trends in population growth -- 3.2 The Malthusian theory of population growth and stagnation -- 3.3 Is the Malthusian theory testable? -- 3.4 The secrets of agricultural progress -- 3.5 Understanding fertility strategies -- 3.6 The demographic transition -- 4 The nature and extent of economic growth in the pre-industrial epoch -- 4.1 Understanding pre-industrial growth -- 4.2 Accounting for pre-industrial productivity growth -- 4.3 Wages and income distribution -- 4.4 The Great Divergence: when did Europe forge ahead? -- Appendix: The dual approach to total factor productivity measurement -- 5 Institutions and growth -- 5.1 Institutions and efficiency -- 5.2 The peculiarity of institutional explanations.

Intro -- ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL ISSUES IN EUROPE -- ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL ISSUES IN EUROPE -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- Chapter 1 HOUSE PRICE DETERMINANTS IN LIVERPOOL, UNITED KINGDOM -- Abstract -- Introduction -- The Hedonic Pricing Model -- Multicollinearity -- Heteroskedasticity -- Omitted Variable Bias -- Choice of Functional Form -- House Price Determinants -- A Description of Liverpool City -- City Centre -- Inner Core (excluding the City Centre and Waterfront) -- Waterfront -- Suburban Core -- Central Buffer -- Southern Fringe -- Eastern Fringe -- Research Methodology -- Discussion -- Descriptive Statistics -- Hedonic Regression Analysis -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 2 MULTILEVEL GOVERNANCE: PARTICIPATORY DEMOCRACY AND CIVIL SOCIETY'S ROLE IN GOVERNANCE IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF THE LISBON TREATY1 -- 1. Who? -- 2. Where and How? -- 3. Expected Outcome -- 4. Required Framework -- 1) Mutuality Seems to Be an Issue that Is at the Centre in Three Ways -- 2) A Real Challenge Can Be Seen in the Process of regaining and Maintaining Proximity -- Where to Go? - Theses, Proposing an Outlook -- First -- Second -- Third -- Fourth -- Fifth -- References -- Chapter 3 TRANSATLANTIC REGULATORY COOPERATION: BACKGROUND AND ANALYSIS -- Abstract -- Introduction -- U.S.-EU Regulatory Barriers -- Rationale for Transatlantic Regulatory Cooperation -- Economic Rationale -- Political Rationale -- Counter-Arguments -- U.S.-EU Differences in Regulatory Approaches -- Political Cycles -- Values and Public Preferences -- Transparency and Rule-Making -- Institutional Capacity to Undertake Reforms -- Forms of Transatlantic Regulatory Cooperation -- Information Exchanges and Dialogues -- Mutual Recognition Agreements -- Harmonization / Agreement on Regulatory Standards -- Results of Past Initiatives at Regulatory Cooperation -- Highlights of Past Initiatives

Upon its initial publication in 1973 this was the first textbook to present a unified view and comprehensive treatment of the economic development of Europe from a continental rather than a British perspective. At the same time, it is more than mere textbook: it is an interpretive analysis of a wide range of research on the subject in many countries which explores the objective validity of earlier theories and provides an ideal starting point for further research into economic development and European history.The work deals mainly with Western Europe, but in principally studying both

Does economics influence elections? How does such influence work? Under what conditions is it more or less likely to occur? These appear to be simple questions, but answering them is difficult. And they may appear to be trivial questions to those who contend that elections in the western democracies are at best placebos that disguise the Â"realÂ" dynamics of power in societies still mostly characterized by the capitalist mode of production, even if the economy is directed by government. This is an argument we do not propose to address. We do believe that free, popular elections matter, and tha

Cover -- Copyright -- Contents -- Contributors -- Preface -- PART I Framing the discussion on rebalancing challenges -- 1. European investment to support CESEE and euro area countries -- 2. The rebalancing challenge in Europe -- 3. Mid-term growth perspectives for CESEE -- 4. Rebalancing the CESEE economies: a crucial agenda for future years -- PART II Balance sheet adjustments and economic growth -- 5. Fighting balance sheet recessions: a Japanese lesson for the euro zone -- 6. Post-crisis recovery in slow-motion mode: the role of the non-financial corporate sector -- 7. Private and public sector deleveraging in the EU -- PART III Macroeconomic adjustments and economic inequality -- 8. External rebalancing: is it cyclical or structural? -- 9. Macroeconomic imbalances and economic inequality in CESEE -- 10. Inequality, the crisis and stagnation -- PART IV The future of (central) banking in Europe -- 11. The ECB, the banks and the sovereigns -- 12. Europe's banking union: glass half full or glass half empty? -- 13. What can monetary policy achieve, and what is the relation between monetary policy and financial stability? -- PART V Regional perspectives on monetary policy issues: dilemmas and trade-offs -- 14. Policy trade-offs in CESEE and elsewhere -- 15. A central bank's dilemmas in highly uncertain times: a Romanian view -- 16. The monetary policy framework of the central bank of Montenegro: is financial stability a feasible central bank goal? -- 17. Inflation targeting and use of the exchange rate as a monetary policy instrument: the CNB experience -- Index

In 2010 the European Union faced the worst economic and financial crisis of its fifty year-long history. The European Lawyers' Union (UAE), upon the occasion of its 27th Congress, held in Lisbon, sought to engage in a reflection on the crisis and the reme

Intro -- Anthony de Jasay, Economic Sense and Nonsense -- Front Matter -- Title Page -- Copyright Details -- Table of Contents, p. vii -- Preface, p. xi -- Part I. To Spend or Not to Spend?, p. 1 -- 1. To Spend or Not To Spend?, p. 3 -- 2. Who is Afraid of the National Debt?, p. 8 -- 3. Two Cheers For Fiscal Austerity: Part I, p. 13 -- 4. Two Cheers For Fiscal Austerity: Part 2, p. 17 -- 5. What Became of the Liquidity Trap?, p. 22 -- 6. The Archbishop and the Accountants, p. 25 -- 7. Two Ways, But Where To?, p. 29 -- 8. The Platinum Rule, p. 34 -- 9. A Fiscal Curb To Tame the State?, p. 40 -- 10. Can Sovereign Borrowing Be A Criminal Offense?, p. 43 -- Part 2. The Third Way to Stability?, p. 47 -- 1. Greed, Need, Risk, and Regulation, p. 49 -- 2. Trudging Down the Third Way, p. 59 -- 3. Open Season on the Capitalist Free-For-All, p. 63 -- 4. Collective Choice at Work, p. 66 -- 5. Instinctive Blunders: Job Protection and Redistribution, p. 70 -- 6. In Fantasyland: the Stressless Economy, p. 74 -- 7. They Wanted A New Order, p. 78 -- Part 3: The United States of Europe and America, p. 83 -- 1. The Foolish Quest For Stability, p. 85 -- 2. Europeans Know Better: The Atlantic Cleavage on Financial Reform, p. 89 -- 3. Our Cherished Optimum Currency Area: Its Trials and Tribulations, p. 93 -- 4. Eurozone: It Seemed A Good Idea at the Time, p. 98 -- 5. Stone-Age Banking, Anti-Speculation, and Rescuing the Euro, p. 102 -- 6. Butcher, Brewer, Baker, Banker: All Must Work by the Golden Rule, p. 106 -- 7. Euramerica: A Safety-First Economy, p. 110 -- 8. Come and Get Caught in my Trap, p. 114 -- 9. The Use and Abuse of Taxes and Tax Havens, p. 118 -- 10. Russia's Socialist Heritage, p. 122 -- 11. Oil, Gas, and Bluster, p. 127 -- Part 4. The Best of the Worst, p. 135 -- 1. The Best of the Worst: What Price Democracy?, p. 137.

This study interprets and interrelates the major political, economic and security developments in Europe - including transatlantic relations - from the end of World War II up until the present time, and looks ahead to how the continent may evolve politically in the future.

Intro -- Foreword: Social Progress around the Globe -- Introduction: Social Progress in Europe -- Chapter 1 Basic Human Needs -- Chapter 2 Foundations of Well-being -- Chapter 3 Opportunity -- Chapter 4 European Countries at a Glance -- Conclusion -- Glossary -- Index -- Resources.