Suchergebnisse

U.S. INDOPACOM commander Admiral Samuel Paparo's comments on U.S. escorts of Philippine vessels on resupply missions being "entirely reasonable" has taken the jostling in the South China Sea up a notch. Such missions to a Philippine military position on a beached ship on the Second Thomas Shoal, which China also claims, have drawn coercive responses from Beijing. An egregious example was the serious clash on June 17, during which Chinese coast guard personnel brandished weapons and forcibly boarded Philippine craft.The latest incidents are however expanding to new sites — most prominently Sabina Shoal, located even closer to Philippines' shoreline than the Second Thomas Shoal. These have involved blocking and multiple cases of ramming. Provocative as Chinese behavior is, it is questionable if deeper involvement of the U.S. Navy is the answer. Direct insertion of U.S. troops between the sparring parties would up the ante and dare China to confront the U.S. directly. It would transform the current lower-level incidents into potentially a direct clash between two great powers. The risk-to-reward ratio from the standpoint of U.S. vital interests, not to mention regional stability, does not seem to merit such a step, especially when the jostling is over mere specks in the ocean. This is especially true as some of Washington's policies are themselves contributing to the escalation. Besides, Manila too has demurred on any such escorts (but has indicated that they are not ruled out in the future.)Admiral Paparo also mentioned the escorts "in the context of consultations," a reference to Articles III and V of the 1951 U.S.-Philippines Mutual Defense Treaty (MDT), which calls for such consultations and indicates invocation in case of "armed attack" on one of the parties. Manila itself has stated, in comments soon after the June 17 clash, that Chinese provocations do not rise to the level of "armed attack" thus far. President Marcos meanwhile drew a red line for the MDT's invocation as the death of even a single Filipino during his remarks at this year's Shangri La Dialogue in Singapore. Fortunately, we are not there yet.Whichever way one slices the developments in the South China Sea, it is clear they are incrementally heading toward a military crisis. Avoiding such a crisis by finding a de-escalatory ladder should be the first priority of all three states involved.

The ships of the Oliver Hazard Perry-class were designed in the United States in the mid-1970's as general-purpose escort vessels. They were inexpensive enough to be bought in large quantities and replace older ships. Meant to protect amphibious landing forces, supply and replenishment groups, and merchant convoys from submarines, they also became part of battleship-centric groups and aircraft battle/strike groups

Glossary of terms and abbreviations -- Patrol air cushion vehicles (PACV) -- River patrol boats (PBR) -- Submarine chasers (PC) -- Patrol coastal ships (PC) -- Control submarine chasers (PC[C]) and patrol control craft (PCC) -- Patrol escorts (PCE) -- Control escorts (PCEC) -- Patrol rescue escorts (PCER) and experimental patrol rescue escorts (EPCER) -- Fast patrol craft (PCF) / inshore patrol craft (PCF) -- Patrol craft--hydrofoil (PCH) -- Patrol craft sweepers (PCS) and patrol craft control sweepers (PCSC) -- Eagle boats (PE) -- Patrol frigates (PF) -- Nineteenth century gunboats -- Prewar gunboats (PG) -- World War II gunboats (PG) -- Temptress-class patrol gunboats (PG) -- Patrol gunboat--hydrofoils (PGH) -- Motor gunboats (PGM) -- Patrol combatant missile--hydrofoils (PHM) -- River gunboats (PR) -- Motor torpedo boats (PT) -- Motor torpedo boat submarine chasers (PTC) -- Fast patrol boats (PTF) -- Patrol yachts (PY) -- Coastal patrol yachts (PYc) -- Submarine chasers (SC) -- Patrol potpourri -- U.S. patrol vessels built for foreign navies -- Patrol vessel transfers -- Patrol vessel builders.

Funding Information: The work received funding from SIMREC project (CBC 2014?2020), funded by the European Union, the Russian Federation and the Republic of Finland. The work also received funding from the Lloyd's Register Foundation, a charitable foundation, helping to protect life and property by supporting engineering-related education, public engagement and the application of research www.lrfoundation.org.uk. The contributions by the third author were undertaken in context of the project ?Safe Navigation and Environmental Protection?, thanks in part to funding from the Canada First Research Excellence Fund, through the Ocean Frontier Institute. The authors also thank Fang Li and Mikko Suominen for their valuable comments to the paper. Publisher Copyright: © 2021 The Author(s) Copyright: Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. ; Ships navigating in ice inevitably encounter different ice conditions. Dynamic ice typically presents severe conditions when it is moving perpendicular towards the parallel midship section, which can lead to ships getting stuck in ice. This can cause delays for ships or even damage to the ship hull. However, there currently is no model to assess ship operability in this dynamic ice. This paper aims to develop a method to assess operability of ships in dynamic ice conditions, which can be used for ship routing to avoid ship stuck. The method is especially useful for emergency response planning purposes, e.g. for marine pollution preparedness and response planning, where an understanding of the operability of response vessels in dynamic ice conditions currently is lacking. First, a transit model is introduced for both independent navigation and escort operations, considering the additional ice resistance by dynamic ice. Then, a ship operability index is proposed based on the modelling of ship's performance. Case studies of independent navigation and escort operations in realistic dynamic ice conditions are investigated to compare with the simulated results. Reasonable agreement is obtained, indicating that the proposed method can be used for ship operability assessment in dynamic ice. ; Peer reviewed

The vessels -- AMH-mine sweeper, harbor -- APC-small transport, coastal -- At-ocean tugs -- LCI(L)-landing craft, infantry, large -- LCS(L)-landing craft support, large -- LCT-landing craft, tank -- LSM-landing ship, medium -- LST-landing ship, tank -- Named craft -- PC-patrol craft -- PCE-patrol craft, escort -- PCS-patrol craft, sweeper -- PT-patrol torpedo -- SC-submarine chaser -- SC-submarine chaser, Canadian-built -- YAG-miscellaneous auxiliary -- YDG-district degaussing vessel -- YMS-auxiliary motor minesweeper -- Yo-self-propelled fuel oil barge -- YOG-self-propelled gasoline barge -- YOL-coastal tanker -- YP-yard patrol -- YW-self-propelled water barge

Kanadas Marine will seine Flotte modernisieren. Dabei geht es um neue Arctic-Patrol-Ships, um den Ersatz der veralteten Zerstörer und Fregatten und um die Beschaffung von Joint Support Ships (JSS), die nach dem Design der deutschen Einsatzgruppenversorger der BERLIN-Klasse gebaut werden sollen. (Europäische Sicherheit & Technik / SWP)

Ein Joint Support Ship USS) ist ein vielseitig einsetzbarer Schiffstyp für Joint-Operationen, der sich bereits in vielen Marinen in unterschiedlichen Varianten durchgesetzt hat. Ein JSS dient u.a. der gesicherten militärischen Seeverlegefähigkeit und der umfassenden operativen und logistischen Unterstützung in weltweiten Krisen-, Konflikt- und Katastrophengebieten. Für die Bundeswehr ist langfristig die Beschaffung von zwei JSS anerkannt und vorgesehen. (Europäische Sicherheit & Technik / SWP)