Suchergebnisse

Report of the Texas State Auditor's Office related to the accounts payable and encumbrances at the Texas Education Agency (TEA), the Department of Aging and Disability Services (DADS), and the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT).

As a product of the Progressive Reform movement of the early 20th century, the Forest Service was created to be a scientific, well-organized, ethical and efficient new form of government. In over a century of service, the agency retains many proud traits and traditions along such lines, but it has been noted as being technocratic and overly rigid in its emphasis on the biophysical sciences, analysis and administrative procedures, and lacking agility in the socio-political aspects of natural resource management. While the agency has endeavored to better integrate the social sciences and improve its policies toward meaningful public involvement, issues have become more complex, nuanced, and conflicting. When compounded with a number of legal, administrative, budgetary and organizational encumbrances, the agency has tremendous difficulty maneuvering in today's vexing operating environment. Standardized procedures and traditional public involvement methods are proving inadequate for dealing with these complex and "wicked" problems. Recreation management is an area of increasing complexity and the one we explore in this paper. The Forest Service has national goals for sustainable recreation management, but at the field level, where budgetary and workforce resources are often inadequate, the agency tends to fall back to a "default approach": the repeated situation where managers allow or even encourage recreation use to occur in an area, but at some point the use and impacts become unacceptable, so managers then attempt to restrict use in the affected area. This pattern has unintended consequences and can worsen conditions in the broader sense, making sustainability goals difficult, if not impossible, to achieve. In restricting use in high-use areas, managers may actually displace users, and their impacts, to other lesser-used areas. Ironically, the incremental impacts of new visitors to low-use areas tend to be substantial, whereas in areas where high-use is already established, visitors may not be as sensitive to existing impacts as managers tend to be, and the impacts of increasing visitation are negligible. Displacing use, on the other hand, creates new impacts and issues in new places, over and over again, exacerbating ecological and social problems over the broader landscape. This paper explores Forest Service history and culture, changes in recreation management, the persistent "default approach", and the promising policy shift toward sustainability and greater collaboration with stakeholders and communities. The paper suggests that sustainable recreation management will be difficult to achieve, however, given particular cultural attitudes, and the issues and encumbrances that beset the agency. The encumbrances include legal and administrative morass, inadequate budgets, and outmoded management actions, furthering the default approach, and moving the agency away from its sustainability goals, not toward them. Drawing on examples in travel planning from the Dixie National Forest, the paper concludes that additional change in agency culture is needed, requiring development and transfer of a new tacit knowledge, through a professional recreation community of practice, with an emphasis on collaborative processes and authentic public participation.

The research objective was to examine the legal protection against the winner of the auction the object is blocked by the land office to analyze the reason for blocking, and the responsibility of the winning bidder auction officials that the object is blocked by the land office How Legal protection for the Auction Winner of the auction Exsekusi security rights. The method used is as an additive normative juridical research interviews to the land office and Legal Section Kospin pekalongan Services. Based on the results of the study concluded eat: first, Consideration of the Land Office to block the process of reverse auction execution object name Encumbrance (Civil Case Study No.25 / Pdt.G / 2011 / PN.Tegal) is: Based on Government Regulation No. 24 of 1997 Article 45, which reads the Head of the Land Office reserves the right to delay on behind the object name that is being problematic of land ", as well as the attitude of prudence to avoid the risk in the future in order not to become a defendant in the case; Secondly, legal protection for the winner of the auction execution Encumbrance Land Office blocked the auction of objects is very weak, as in this case the winning bidder can not do anything but just wait until the court decision is completed; Third, auction Officials Responsibility for the blocking of the auction objects at the office of the Land does not exist at all.Keywords: Legal Protection, Winning Bidder, Execution Mortgage.

The article examines the transformations of Peter the Great in the context of the evolution of serfdom in Russia. The author substantiates the thesis that during the Peter's transformations, the so-called "second edition of serfdom" took place, replacing its original, forced by objective conditions of survival and development of the country, estate-legal grounds. The substitution of the serfdom's grounds is seen primarily in the rejection by the state of the conditionality principle of noble rights to the estate by compulsory lifelong service in the army, namely, this followed from the extension to estates of the patrimony's possessory format. The analysis of the decree on single inheritance and its interpretations in historiography allowed us to conclude that the liberation of noble land ownership from the encumbrance of compulsory service created a legal basis for the subsequent "freedom of the nobility", the rapid expansion of the privileges of the "noble estate" and, mainly, the ownership rights to land and peasants. The tax reform of Peter led to the fact that landlords began to assimilate the view of peasants as serfs, completely dependent on them, especially in the conditions of the responsibility imposed by the state on the owner of the estate for the payment of poll taxes and the supply of recruits. ; В статье рассмотрены преобразования Петра Великого в контексте эволюции крепостного права в России. Обоснован тезис о том, что в ходе петровских преобразований произошло так называемое «второе издание крепостничества», подмена его изначальных, вынужденных объективными условиями выживания и развития страны, сословно-правовых оснований. Подмена оснований крепостничества видится прежде всего в отказе государства от принципа обусловленности дворянских прав на поместье обязательной пожизненной службой в войске, а именно это вытекало из распространения на поместья владельческого формата вотчин. Анализ указа о единонаследии и его трактовок в историографии позволил сделать вывод о том, что освобождение дворянского ...

The subject of this research is about the noted improvement of the international systems towards the consideration of compensation for the service damage without the necessity of committing an error as a condition in all cases, but rather acting in accordance with justice and equality against general encumbrances. The Administrative Compensation was not applied in our Jordanian system, then its improvement was identified on the basis of only the tort and committing an administrative error as a condition, so we decided to make this research in order to achieve a dual benefit; first benefit is: 1- simplify the current Jordanian system, in the way that elaborates the system conditions and restrictions in the field of Compensation for the service damage, second benefit is: 2- clarify the original rules of other preceding comparative systems in such field to the extent of the compensation for the service damage as well even if without committing an error, so, this comparison becomes a proper preliminary step in the process of improving our current Jordanian system. Hereupon, this research is divided into three chapters as follow; The First Chapter: "The field of Administrative Compensation and its relation with the Civil and Administrative Laws". Which consists of two parts and four requests, where the research discusses the basic rules of the civil liability in compensation, in terms of the both basic rules or the exceptions, and also the Administrative rules in such compensation, in terms of both the compensation for the service error or the compensation for the service damage. The Second Chapter: "The Restrictions on the Administrative Compensation" Which also consists of two parts and four requests, where the research discusses these restrictions, either in terms of legal restrictions; (acts of sovereignty and acts of the legislative and judicial authorities) or the pragmatic restrictions; (Prerogatives of public and administrative discretion powers and the exceptional conditions and how they affect in such area). The Third Chapter: "The Administrative Liability in the Jordanian System" Which also consists of two parts and four requests, where the research discusses the compensation for the service error in the Jordanian system and its relation to the personal error, and also the statement of limiting this system not only to the point of the tort in the field of the Administrative Compensation, beside, but also the limitation of this liability with different legal, pragmatic and judicial restrictions. These chapters are followed by a conclusion and recommendations, through which we elucidated the summary of what we achieved in our research and the recommendations we call for.

The article discusses the need to create a Unified Notary Information System in the Eurasian Economic Union, which will allow advancement to a higher level of economic cooperation, lead to more effective development of civil legal relations, and allow for electronic exchange of information and documents. The procedure for reg-istration and execution of notarial acts has been studied; the amount of information to be recorded, as well as methods for recording it. A comparative analysis of the legislation of the member states of the Eurasian Eco-nomic Union regulating notarial activities was carried out. The procedure and method of collecting information, the level of security of documents, and the possibility of conducting verification activities to determine the au-thenticity of the submitted documents are considered. The subject of comparison is the degree of use of digital technologies within the framework of the electronic exchange of information and documents between partici-pants in civil transactions (notaries, citizens, legal entities). Attention is focused on analyzing the degree of im-plementation of digital technologies within the framework of storing notarial documents. The capabilities of notaries to provide notarial services are considered, including the ability to collect information necessary to per-form a notarial act, and information necessary to formalize inheritance rights. The powers of notaries in the framework of interaction with state registers have been studied, including the powers to carry out verification actions in relation to applicants, register rights to movable and immovable property, to introduce encumbrances on movable and immovable property, as well as to make changes to the information contained in state regis-ters. The subject of comparison was the degree of digital technology usage in the process of storage of notarial documents, as well as in the framework of electronic exchange of information between participants of civil turnover (notaries, individuals and legal entities). Prospects for further research in this area are defined.

Bank of Shariah as a new financial institution that emerged much later than conventional banks, in its operations will face various problems it is a challenge for Islamic banks.The purpose of this study was to determine the know: 1) the development of Islamic Agreement made in the form UUJN Deed in accordance with the terms of both form and substance; (2) The assurance certificate and the legal protection of the parties to the deed; (3) The obstacles in the execution of the security rights at Bank Shariah Mandiri.The method used is a problem with juridical sociological approach, specification using descriptive analytical research, collecting data from field studies and literature, technical data analysis with qualitative descriptive.The final conclusion is that: 1) In the Islamic banking, notary is authorized to make a warranty deed in Murabahah financing agreement, made in the form of the Deed of Acknowledgment of Debt with the Provision of Security and Authorization to Sell. Inside the deed in addition to providing power to sell the bank if the debtor defaults, the bank is also given the power to take care of the land certificate, if the certificate has been completed debtor authorizes the bank to install Deed Mortgage Encumbrances rights to the land. 2) Certainty Murobahah Deed and Legal protection against the parties in the government as the deed Murobahah is organizing institutions of governance, particularly the shade of a notary office is required to provide insight to improve contract-related notary Shariah in particular, through training contract manufacturing of Shariah, or seminars to improve Notary services to the community for the better and the maximum. 3) The resistance that occurs is the debtor convoluted in negotiations to resolve the security rights, the incompatibility of the price of the auction conducted by the debtor and the latter is the resistance efforts of the debtor law that pursue a lawsuit to the District Court.Keywords : Murobahah Agreement; Execution Mortgage; Bank Shariah Mandiri.

В статье рассмотрены актуальные проблемы и спорные вопросы возникающие в процессе приобретения жилого помещения с использованием ипотечного кредитования и средств материнского капитала. Актуальность исследования обусловлена недостаточной урегулированностью и наличием пробелов в законодательстве при заключении договора купли­продажи и кредитного договора с использованием для расчётов с кредитором материнского капитала. Показаны условия, при которых сделка может быть признана недействительной, главное из них нарушение прав детей. С целью устранения пробелов в законодательстве автор предлагает наделить Пенсионный фонд обязанностью ведения контроля за использованием средств материнского капитала, внести изменения в ст. 14 Закона о государственной регистрации прав на недвижимое имущество, внести особую графу в свидетельство о праве собственности на недвижимость с информацией о наличии обременения на недвижимое имущество. Данные меры предусматривают тесное сотрудничество Пенсионного фонда и Федеральной службы государственной регистрации, кадастра и картографии. ; The article deals with topical problems and issues arising in the process of acquiring a dwelling using mortgage lending and the maternity capital. The relevance of the study is due to inadequate regulation and the presence of legislation gaps at the conclusion of the sales contract and the loan agreement, including the maternity capital to be used for calculations with the lender. The conditions, under which the transaction may be declared invalid, with the most important of them being the violation of the rights of children, are pointed out. In order to eliminate the gaps in the legislation the author proposes to authorize the Pension Fund to take the responsibility for monitoring the use of the maternity capital. It is suggested to amend Art. 14 of the Law on State Registration of the Rights to Immovable Property and to make a special graph in the certificate of property ownership, including information of encumbrances on real estate. These measures provide for close cooperation of the Pension Fund and the Federal Service for State Registration, Cadastre and Cartography.

В статье представлен анализ базовых нормативно-правовых актов, определяющих правила и порядок сохранности и благоустройства жилищного фонда и эффективности предоставления коммунальных ресурсов, в аспекте требуемой и возможной меры бремени собственников по содержанию жилых помещений и общего имущества в многоквартирных домах. Автором формулируется вывод, что действующие нормативноправовые акты усложняют исполнение обязанностей собственниками жилых помещений: из обязанностей вытекают латентные требования овладевать многими квалификационными компетенциями, которые усредненному собственнику освоить практически невозможно; и это идентифицируется как проблема результативности реформирования ЖКХ. Выявлены факторы, характеризующие меру бремени как обременение, а именно: перегруженность законодательства объемами прав и обязанностей собственников и процедурная трудоемкость практического исполнения прав и обязанностей. Указанные факторы формируют фиктивную субъектность собственника и, соответственно, фиктивного субъекта жилищно-коммунальных отношений. В статье ставится вопрос о необходимости определения разумной достаточности меры бремени содержания жилья собственниками. В частности, в мере бремени руководствоваться принципом: собственник должен быть равноценным, но не обязательно равнокомпетентным участником жилищно-коммунальных отношений. быть равноценным, но не обязательно равнокомпетентным участником жилищно-коммунальных отношений. Автором предлагается бремя содержания и ответственности в большей мере перенести на управляющие организации, обладающие всеми необходимыми профессиональными компетенциями и материальнотехническим потенциалом для надлежащего содержания жилого фонда. В статье для широкого обсуждения сформулированы подходы и предложения к разрешению выявленных проблем в реформировании ЖКХ. ; The article presents an analysis of the basic legal acts that define the rules and procedures for the preservation and improvement of the housing stock and the efficiency of municipal resources, in terms of the required measures and possible burden on the owners of the dwelling and common property in apartment buildings. The author formulates a conclusion that the existing regulations complicate the duties of the owners of premises: from the obligation arises to acquire a number of latent demand qualification competencies that the average owner almost impossible to master; and it is identified as a problem of the impact of reform of housing and communal services. The factors that characterize the measure as a burden encumbrance, namely congestion legislation scope of rights and responsibilities of owners and procedural complexity of the practical implementation of rights and obligations. These factors from the fictitious owner of subject of housing and communal relations. The article raises the question of development of reasonable sufficiency measures the burden of a property owners. In particular, as a burden of the principle: the owner must be equally competent party housing and communal relations. The author suggests the burden of responsibility and increasingly transferred to the management organization has all the necessary expertise and logistical capacities for proper maintenance of the housing stock. The paper for discussion includes approaches and proposals to resolve the problems identified in the reform of housing and communal services.

This article analyzes jurisdiction al means of settling and resolving legal disputes in Ukraine.The protection of rights may be in a jurisdiction al or extrajudicial form. The jurisdiction al form of protection involves resolving a dispute in accordance with the normatively defined competence in the field of the protection of the rights of an authorized official body or other authority acting on behalf of the state. Jurisdiction al form of protection is provided by judicial and extrajudicial means.The court system (the system of courts of general jurisdiction and constitutional jurisdiction) is the main means of resolving disputes: the court decision must be based on the principles of the rule of law, judicial decisions are binding, the place of each court act is clearly regulated. Only the court is able to administer justice. Justice is a form of public activity and is aimed at achieving equity and ensuring an effective renewal and protection of rights.Non-judicial jurisdictional means are the Authorized Commissioner of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine for Human Rights, the President of Ukraine, the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine, other bodies of state power, bodies of power of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea or local self-government, as well as specially authorized bodies or bodies with special status, having certain powers in the field of protection of rights: the Antimonopoly Committee of Ukraine, diplomatic services, the Fund for the Guaranteeing of Deposits of Natural Persons, State Registration Bodies Closed Rights to Real Estate and their Encumbrances. All these bodies are state authorities and have a normatively defined competence in the field of protection of rights.A notary is not a body of the state but is a body of jurisdictional activity on behalf of the state, a nongovernmental institution, which according to the legislation of Ukraine delegated certain powers of the state regarding the protection of rights.The number of jurisdictional means of adjustment and solving legal disputes in Ukraine will increase with the expanding powers of existing bodies and the creation of new bodies with a special status in the field of rights protection.Article received 11.06.2018 ; Статтю присвячено аналізу юрисдикційних засобів врегулювання та вирішення правових спорів в Україні. Вирішення цих спорів може здійснюватися в юрисдикційній або позаюрисдикційній формі. Юрисдикційна форма захисту передбачає вирішення спору відповідно до нормативно визначеної компетенції в галузі захисту прав уповноваженого на те органу державної влади або іншого органу, що діє від імені держави. Юрисдикційна форма захисту представлена судовими та позасудовими засобами.Матеріал надійшов 11.06.2018

This article analyzes jurisdiction al means of settling and resolving legal disputes in Ukraine.The protection of rights may be in a jurisdiction al or extrajudicial form. The jurisdiction al form of protection involves resolving a dispute in accordance with the normatively defined competence in the field of the protection of the rights of an authorized official body or other authority acting on behalf of the state. Jurisdiction al form of protection is provided by judicial and extrajudicial means.The court system (the system of courts of general jurisdiction and constitutional jurisdiction) is the main means of resolving disputes: the court decision must be based on the principles of the rule of law, judicial decisions are binding, the place of each court act is clearly regulated. Only the court is able to administer justice. Justice is a form of public activity and is aimed at achieving equity and ensuring an effective renewal and protection of rights.Non-judicial jurisdictional means are the Authorized Commissioner of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine for Human Rights, the President of Ukraine, the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine, other bodies of state power, bodies of power of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea or local self-government, as well as specially authorized bodies or bodies with special status, having certain powers in the field of protection of rights: the Antimonopoly Committee of Ukraine, diplomatic services, the Fund for the Guaranteeing of Deposits of Natural Persons, State Registration Bodies Closed Rights to Real Estate and their Encumbrances. All these bodies are state authorities and have a normatively defined competence in the field of protection of rights.A notary is not a body of the state but is a body of jurisdictional activity on behalf of the state, a nongovernmental institution, which according to the legislation of Ukraine delegated certain powers of the state regarding the protection of rights.The number of jurisdictional means of adjustment and solving legal disputes in Ukraine will increase with the expanding powers of existing bodies and the creation of new bodies with a special status in the field of rights protection.Article received 11.06.2018 ; Статтю присвячено аналізу юрисдикційних засобів врегулювання та вирішення правових спорів в Україні. Вирішення цих спорів може здійснюватися в юрисдикційній або позаюрисдикційній формі. Юрисдикційна форма захисту передбачає вирішення спору відповідно до нормативно визначеної компетенції в галузі захисту прав уповноваженого на те органу державної влади або іншого органу, що діє від імені держави. Юрисдикційна форма захисту представлена судовими та позасудовими засобами.Матеріал надійшов 11.06.2018

This article analyzes jurisdiction al means of settling and resolving legal disputes in Ukraine.The protection of rights may be in a jurisdiction al or extrajudicial form. The jurisdiction al form of protection involves resolving a dispute in accordance with the normatively defined competence in the field of the protection of the rights of an authorized official body or other authority acting on behalf of the state. Jurisdiction al form of protection is provided by judicial and extrajudicial means.The court system (the system of courts of general jurisdiction and constitutional jurisdiction) is the main means of resolving disputes: the court decision must be based on the principles of the rule of law, judicial decisions are binding, the place of each court act is clearly regulated. Only the court is able to administer justice. Justice is a form of public activity and is aimed at achieving equity and ensuring an effective renewal and protection of rights.Non-judicial jurisdictional means are the Authorized Commissioner of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine for Human Rights, the President of Ukraine, the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine, other bodies of state power, bodies of power of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea or local self-government, as well as specially authorized bodies or bodies with special status, having certain powers in the field of protection of rights: the Antimonopoly Committee of Ukraine, diplomatic services, the Fund for the Guaranteeing of Deposits of Natural Persons, State Registration Bodies Closed Rights to Real Estate and their Encumbrances. All these bodies are state authorities and have a normatively defined competence in the field of protection of rights.A notary is not a body of the state but is a body of jurisdictional activity on behalf of the state, a nongovernmental institution, which according to the legislation of Ukraine delegated certain powers of the state regarding the protection of rights.The number of jurisdictional means of adjustment and solving legal disputes in Ukraine will increase with the expanding powers of existing bodies and the creation of new bodies with a special status in the field of rights protection.Article received 11.06.2018 ; Статтю присвячено аналізу юрисдикційних засобів врегулювання та вирішення правових спорів в Україні. Вирішення цих спорів може здійснюватися в юрисдикційній або позаюрисдикційній формі. Юрисдикційна форма захисту передбачає вирішення спору відповідно до нормативно визначеної компетенції в галузі захисту прав уповноваженого на те органу державної влади або іншого органу, що діє від імені держави. Юрисдикційна форма захисту представлена судовими та позасудовими засобами.Матеріал надійшов 11.06.2018