Suchergebnisse

The concepts of power and state - particularly embedded in the idea of the Great Power, with a geopolitical perspective and a profoundly aggressive character - are tantamount in importance to the Russia's elite political ideology. However, the existence of different emphases within such a political ideology, ranging from the active-obstructive to the passive stances, brings into question the factors of variation that might be responsible for the elite's level of determination to pursue these concepts over an internal or foreign policy development.In addressing this query, two tasks are set: descriptive - involving a survey of the content of Russian aggressive political ideology over different periods in history; and explanatory - determining circumstances that might account for the empowerment of one or other option of Russian aggressive political ideology. Therefore, the thesis includes a comparison of historical periods with similar relevance to the Russian state. The concern here is in relation to shifting factors of variations of aggressive political ideology acting in the space-frame of one state, but in different time-frame. Resting on these frames the thesis explores the shaping of the Russian elite's defining principles of state internal and foreign policy development and traces the factors of variation responsible for the empowerment of one or other particular form of the aggressive political ideology.The factors of variation discussed in the thesis are different in nature and intensity. The primary impetus for variation in the form that aggressive political ideology would take is determined by the factor of national distress. Other factors (regime volatility, political and economic motivations, information dissemination, and challenges within the international system) are responsible for the depth and extent to which aggressive ideology is going to resonate. No factor could create the variation by itself. The argument is that a specific set of factors is required to create the conditions for variations in the form the aggressive political ideology would take and to determine whether aggressive ideology would generate or not an obstructive political decision.

Study conducted in Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka, India

Poverty is one of the social problems which requires teamwork and synergy to counter it. Poverty is not only the government's responsibility but also other stakeholders. Damandiri Foundation takes a role to help counter measuring poverty through community empowerment concept by initiating the establishment of Family Empowerment Post (Posdaya). Posdaya is not only associated with material or economic aspect but also with social relation intended to build through this Posdaya so that this program can be sustainable among the society. The purposes of the present study were: 1) to find out the role of parties involved in community empowerment through Posdaya, and the social relation built among the stakeholders; 2 ) to find out the pattern of synergy in the attempt of developing Posdaya to be sustainable community empowerment program. The present study employed qualitative approach, this approach was employed to obtain an in-depth understanding of the implementation of Posdaya program initiated by Damandiri Foundation. The result of the study shows that the stakeholders, especially Damandiri Foundation, Government, especially regional government, Universities, and Private sectors should maintain their involvement to continue and support Posdaya, especially the established ones, and develop communication network pattern that allows all parties to take active participation in developing Posdaya.

This paper is an opinion writer about community empowerment. The purpose of the opinion is to provide readers with an understanding that empowerment is an activity that focuses on changing client behavior so that they are able to exploit their potential as well as various capital injections and external working methods so that they can increase production, income and welfare. So empowerment is very different from social security, which is assistance only to channel the prepared budget. The method used is literature review and field conservation of several empowerment programs. The data analysis method is descriptive qualitative. The results obtained are that the empowerment that has been implemented so far is still limited to social and political assistance, on the contrary, it is not based on planning to change the behavior of millennials so that they can get out of underdevelopment and poverty.

The concept of empowerment has become increasingly widespread in recent years. Its use is still, however, somewhat controversial and diverse, particularly when referring to young people. This article presents a systematic analysis of how empowerment has been conceptualized over the past 15 years and has been applied to young people. A systematic search of the major databases filtered by relevance provided 297 bibliographical references. The results confirm the ambiguous nature of the concept and the imprecision with which it is used, although they do link its use to three common concepts: power, participation and education. The concept of youth empowerment needs to be defined in order to highlight any nuances that distinguish it from the generic use of the term. The main dimensions associated with youth empowerment have been identified as: (a) that of growth and well-being; (b) relational; (c) educational; (d) political; (e) transformative; and, finally, (d) emancipative