Suchergebnisse

S. 55-88: Social aspects of economic development in Israel

Intro -- Contents -- Notes on Contributors -- 1 Studying Youth and Development in Cuba -- Introduction -- The Concept and Reality of the Study of Youth(s) -- The Cultural-Historical Approach to the Study of Youth(s) in and from Cuba -- Structure of the Book -- Bibliography -- 2 On the Challenges Facing Young People in Contemporary Sociocultural Development -- Contemporary Society and Its Demands on Young People -- Conclusion -- Bibliography -- 3 Cultural Violence in Youth? -- Introduction -- Authentic Culture Versus Culture of Domination -- Racial Component and Hegemonic Culture: Contributions of Feminism -- Pseudo-Culture in the Interference of Relationships of Gender -- Epistemic Criteria to Understand Violence from a Cultural Perspective -- Experiences of Cultural Violence Among Young Adults in Holguín -- Cultural Offerings in Rural and Urban Spaces: Authentic Culture or Hegemonic Culture in the Shaping of Identity Patterns in Young People? -- Recreational Needs: Satisfaction from Abstract Universal Patterns or Concrete Situated Preferences? -- The Role of Race in Cultural Violence -- Gender: Expression of Relationships of Symbolic Power or Condition of Social Development? -- Conclusion -- Criteria of Symbolic Violence in Youth -- Symbolic Violence Among Youth in Holguín -- Bibliography -- 4 Espacios que pesan/Heavy Spaces: (Re)thinking Rural Youth Through Gender and Generation -- Introduction -- Methodology -- Choosing Threads -- Basting Rurality -- Youth(s) -- Interweaving Threads -- Cuba in the Skein -- Imagined Threads -- Found Threads -- Unfinished Threads -- Bibliography -- 5 Studies about/with Youth: Methodological Dialogues for Practices of Science with Life -- (Un)Adjusting Frames -- Framings About Youth -- Frames with Youth -- Framing (Dis)Adjustments -- Bibliography.

It is suggested that the new psychol'al theories re ED fail to take into account specific instit's & cultural values, & often take only a microscopic & not a macroscopic view. A macroscopic view of ED in India is here presented. Econ behavior is interpreted in a context of soc instit's & cultural values, in particular the effects of the joint fam & the caste systems. Both provide certain econ benefits to their members, some of which aid the economy as a whole, but the net effect of caste on the economy is negative: it is occup'ally restrictive & hinders labor mobility; it creates nepotism on a vast scale & often results in underemployment. It is stated that 'India is not yet a nation in a sociol'al or psychol'al sense. It is a collection of mutually suspicious & mutually hostile extended fam's. This aspect of the soc structure prevents cooperation between groups even when selfish interests would rationally dictate cooperation.' Indians tend to use the term 'community' where 'caste' would be more appropriate. It is difficult to ascertain whether Indian values, in particular Hindu religious values, keep India econ'ly backward, but it is certain that many Indian instit's besides caste & the joint fam inhibit ED. It is shown how dysfunctional bur'tic rules are which set narrow limits to profit & discourage capital accumulation. India is not giving adequate higher educ to her youth in many fields; elementary & secondary educ are also deficient. The attachment to caste & village & the fact that the joint fam seldom migrates as a unit keep labor mobility low. The diversity of languages & the religious diff's create a handicap for the migrating workers. Gov has facilitated ED in many ways, but it has also hampered it in some signif ways-ie, its failure to improve agri; the corruption of the lower bur'cy; the status conception of the gov official. The backward land tenure system is viewed as one factor in the lack of agri'al growth; India's mfg is far more rational & modern than its food production & distribution. The pop factor has aggravated India's problems. It is concluded that the cumulative & interrelated effect of all the inhibiting factors, rather than a single one, is responsible for keeping India backward. India needs a revolution in many of its instit's & cultural practices. M. Maxfield.

This paper is concerned with the development of the full person, i.e. meaningful participation of the individual in the economic and political processes and the acquisition of a sense of self-respect, confidence and responsibility. Malnutrition is la.rgely a social problem in the sense that it occurs under adverse social conditions such as poverty and disrupted family life. As a social problem it can best be solved under conditions of sound development in all the abovementioned respects. Since underdevelopment and malnutrition in South Africa occur mainly among Blacks, malnutrition is a basic aspect of the problem of race relations in South Africa, i.e. a problem that stands squarely in South African politics. Individuals such as doctors, health officers and social workers and organisations concerned with development and nutrition, are therefore involved in the basic political issues of the country. It is my plea that, while they should avoid partisan, emotional involvement, they should not shy away from their democratic responsibility to express themselves on basic political issues that affect development and nutrition.S. Afr. Med. J., 48, 1669 (1974)

This paper is concerned with the development of the full person, Le. meaningful participation of the individual in the economic and political processes and the acquisition of a sense of self-respect, confidence and responsibility. Malnutrition is largely a social problem in the sense that it occurs under adverse social conditions such as poverty and disrupted family life. As a social problem it can best be solved under conditions of sound development in all the abovementioned respects. Since underdevelopment and malnutrition in South Africa occur mainly among Blacks, malnutrition is a basic aspect of the problem of race relations in South Africa, i.e. a problem that stands squarely in South African politics. Individuals such as doctors, health officers and social workers and organisations concerned with development and nutrition, are therefore involved in the basic political issues of the country. It is my plea that, while they should avoid partisan, emotional involvement, they should not shy away from their democratic responsibility to express themselves on basic political issues that affect development and nutrition.S. Afr. Med. J., 48, 1669 (1974)