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Wong, Ying Suet. ; Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2009. ; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 120-131). ; In English with some Chinese and Japanese; abstract also in Chinese. ; Chapter Chapter One: --- Introduction --- p.3 ; Literature Review --- p.7 ; Structure --- p.10 ; Notes on Sources --- p.13 ; Chapter Chapter Two: --- Venereal Disease Policies in the Metropole and Their Colonies --- p.15 ; The Case of Britain --- p.16 ; VD Policy in the Metropole: The case of Britain --- p.16 ; VD Policy in the Colonies: The Case of Colonies under Britain --- p.23 ; The Case of Japan with Reference of Britain as the Pioneer Policy Maker --- p.28 ; Chapter Chapter Three: --- Venereal Disease control in the Metropole --- p.31 ; Legislation --- p.32 ; Institutions --- p.44 ; Education and Social Discussion --- p.49 ; Resistance --- p.55 ; VD control in the Japanese Military Force --- p.60 ; Summary --- p.67 ; Chapter Chapter Four: --- Venereal Disease Control in Colonial Taiwan --- p.70 ; Legislation --- p.72 ; Licensed prostitution system --- p.72 ; The VD Prevention Law --- p.79 ; Education and Social Discussion --- p.84 ; Before the VD Prevention Law in Japan in 1927 --- p.84 ; Education and Public Discussion of VD after the promulgation of the VD Prevention Law in 1927 --- p.90 ; The Changing Discourse of VD --- p.95 ; Summary --- p.100 ; Chapter Chapter Five: --- "Sex, Gender, Class, Race and Colonialism" --- p.101 ; Taiwanese Women´ةs image: Scapegoating --- p.101 ; Medical Development: State Medicine and Local Elites --- p.106 ; VD Control in the Military in Taiwan --- p.109 ; Summary --- p.111 ; Chapter Chapter Six: --- Conclusion --- p.114 ; Bibliography --- p.120

Based on careful analysis of burden of disease and the costs of interventions, this second edition of Disease Control Priorities in Developing Countries, 2nd edition highlights achievable priorities; measures progress toward providing efficient, equitable care; promotes cost-effective interventions to targeted populations; and encourages integrated efforts to optimize health. Nearly 500 experts - scientists, epidemiologists, health economists, academicians, and public health practitioners - from around the world contributed to the data sources and methodologies, and identified challenges and p

This volume contains final figures on the reported incidence of notifiable diseases for 1978 as well as selected data on non-notifiable conditions of special interest. The first section of this summary contains morbidity and mortality information for each of the 46 currently reportable conditions. Tables in this section contain the number of cases of notifiable diseases reported to the Center for Disease Control (CDC) during the past 10 years, and for 1978 describe the distribution of cases by age, month, and geographic location. The second section of this volume includes additional epidemiologic information regarding 36 reportable conditions. The third section contains data about other conditions of special interest. The data from all these sections come either from annual summary reports or case-investigation forms, which are completed by state and territorial health departments as well as from other sources. Finally, a brief historical summary of morbidity reporting and surveillance in the United States is contained in this volume. ; Foreward -- Historical development of national morbidity reporting and surveillance in the United States -- Sources of data -- -- Section 1. Summary of notifiable diseases in the United States -- Reported cases by year, 1968-1978 -- Reported case rates by year, 1968-1978 -- Reported deaths by year, 1968-1977 -- Reported cases by month, 1978 -- Reported cases by age, 1978 -- Reported cases by geographic division and by state, 1978 -- -- Section 2. Additional analysis of notifiable diseases in the United States (statistical tables, graphs, maps, and narratives for each of 36 notifiable conditions are grouped in alphabetical order in this section) -- -- Section 3. Conditions of special interest -- Cases optionally reported by certain states, 1978 -- Deaths from special acute conditions by year, 1968-1977 -- Abortion -- Lead poisoning -- Pneumonia and influenza (deaths in 121 selected cities) -- Reye syndrome -- Index -- State epidemiologists ; Cover title. ; ""September 1979." ; Includes index.

A growing portion of aid directed through multilateral channels is earmarked for specific recipients and purposes, giving donors greater control, also known as multi-bilateral aid. This project examines competing explanations of donors' use of this multi-bilateral aid for different problems within the same sector, specifically development aid for disease control. Using explanations from the literature on multilateralism and principal-agent dynamics, I compare donors' use of multi-bilateral and bilateral delivery of disease-specific foreign aid. The results suggest that while donors deliver a greater portion of aid through multi-bilateral channels for larger, more complex problems, they are reluctant to delegate issues that most affect their populations.

This document provides guidelines on the management of children and young people who present for care relating to sexual health issues, or who may be the victims of sexual abuse or exploitation. The document has been developed as a reference for health professionals working in remote and urban clinical situations. The document clearly defines the statutory requirements for primary health care providers in the area of sexual health.

In the globalized political economy of the late 20th century, increasing social, political, and economic interdependence is occurring as a result of the rapid movement of people, images, values, and financial transactions across national borders. Another consequence of the increase in transnational trade, travel, and migration is the greater risk of cross-border transmission of infectious diseases. As the world becomes more interconnected, diseases spread more rapidly and effectively. With more than one million people crossing international borders every day, and with the globalization of food production, manufacturing, and marketing, the risk of infectious disease transmission is greater. Economic globalization has also increased the need for governmental budget austerity, and consequent national preparedness has been eroded. The emergence of new infectious diseases, as well as the reemergence of old ones, thus represents a crucial transnational policy issue. These problems cannot be resolved by national governments alone; they require international cooperation. This article analyzes the role of foodborne disease surveillance programs, nationally and internationally, in the control of foodborne diseases.

Major Sawyer asks this question,—"The army is being sent home clean. Will your community make it easy or difficult for the men to remain so?" His short paper is an introduction to the longer one that follows it.

In 1994, CDC launched the first phase of a nationwide effort to revitalize national capacity to protect the public from infectious diseases. The effort focused on four goals: improving disease surveillance and outbreak response; supporting research to understand and combat emerging infectious threats; preventing infectious diseases by implementing disease control programs and communicating public health information; and rebuilding the infectious disease-control component of the public health infrastructure. As a nation, we have made progress in all four areas. The first line of defense for public health— our network of state and local health departments— has been strengthened, and as a nation we have become better prepared to address new diseases as they arise. We have developed new tools for detecting and controlling infectious diseases. New programmatic efforts have incorporated the latest theories and techniques to help people change behaviors that favor the spread of infectious diseases. These achievements were made possible by the hard work and dedication of colleagues in local, state, and federal government; in universities; in private industry; and in many nongovernmental organizations and professional societies. CDC has also begun to address emerging disease issues at the global level, working in partnership with foreign governments, the World Health Organization, and other organizations and agencies. At the same time, however, we have witnessed the appearance of new and unforeseen disease threats, such as a virulent strain of avian influenza that attacks humans, a human variant of "mad cow disease,â€? and new drug-resistant forms of Staphylococcus aureus. The emergence of these threats reminds us that we must not become complacent. We must never underestimate the power, destructiveness, and endless adaptability of infectious microbes. As we face the new millennium, we must renew our commitment to the prevention and control of infectious diseases, recognizing that the battle between humans and microbes will continue long past our lifetimes and those of our children. This document, Preventing Emerging Infectious Diseases: A Strategy for the 21st Century, describes CDC's plan to combat infectious diseases over the next 5 years. ; Preface -- Executive Summary -- -- Introduction -- Background -- The "Endâ€? of infectious diseases -- A New consensus: the Institute of Medicine report -- CDC's response -- -- The Second Phase of CDC's Strategy -- CDC's role -- CDC components involved with infectious diseases -- Partnerships -- Goals for preventing emerging infectious diseases: -- Target areas -- -- Summary of the Goals and Objectives -- -- CDC's Plan: Preventing Emerging Infectious Diseases: A Strategy for the 21st Century -- Goal I: Surveillance and response -- Goal II: Applied research -- Goal III: Infrastructure and training -- Goal IV: Prevention and control -- -- Anticipated Outcomes -- -- Appendix: Implementation of high priorities from Addressing Emerging Infectious Disease Threats: A Prevention Strategy for the United States 1994–1997 -- -- Acknowledgments -- References -- List of Boxes -- Acronyms -- Index ; October 1998. ; Includes index. ; References: p. 60-63.

BACKGROUND: The rapid spread of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic demonstrates the value of regional cooperation in infectious disease prevention and control. We explored the literature on regional infectious disease control bodies, to identify lessons, barriers and enablers to inform operationalisation of a regional infectious disease control body or network in southeast Asia. METHODS: We conducted a scoping review to examine existing literature on regional infectious disease control bodies and networks, and to identify lessons that can be learned that will be useful for operationalisation of a regional infectious disease control body such as the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) Center for Public Health Emergency and Emerging Diseases. RESULTS: Of the 57 articles included, 53 (93%) were in English, with two (3%) in Spanish and one (2%) each in Dutch and French. Most were commentaries or review articles describing programme initiatives. Sixteen (28%) publications focused on organisations in the Asian continent, with 14 (25%) focused on Africa, and 14 (25%) primarily focused on the European region. Key lessons focused on organisational factors, diagnosis and detection, human resources, communication, accreditation, funding, and sustainability. Enablers and constraints were consistent across regions/ organisations. A clear understanding of the regional context, budgets, cultural or language issues, staffing capacity and governmental priorities, is pivotal. An initial workshop inclusive of the various bodies involved in the design, implementation, monitoring or evaluation of programmes is essential. Clear governance structure, with individual responsibilities clear from the beginning, will reduce friction. Secure, long-term funding is also a key aspect of the success of any programme. CONCLUSION: Operationalisation of regional infectious disease bodies and networks is complicated, but with extensive groundwork, and focus on organisational factors, diagnosis and detection, human resources, communication, accreditation, funding, and sustainability, it is achievable. Ways to promote success are to include as many stakeholders as possible from the beginning, to ensure that context-specific factors are considered, and to encourage employees through capacity building and mentoring, to ensure they feel valued and reduce staff turnover.