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Purpose of the study: This study aims to investigate the internal and external factors for CC adoption decisions of companies in Izmir, Turkey using a combination of DOI and TOE models. Methodology: This is a confirmatory survey of businesses, forming a questionnaire for 176 IT decision-makers of non-cloud or cloud user businesses in the city of Izmir in Turkey. SmartPLS 3.0 software is used to assess the determinants affecting cloud computing adoption. Main Findings: The study identified relative advantage, compatibility, complexity, and top management support, using security and privacy concerns and cost savings as mediating variables of relative advantage for CC adoption. The survey results indicated that complexity and top management supports are significantly important for efficient CC adoption. The model explained 41.2 percent of CC adoption. Applications of this study: The study is believed to be useful in fields including business development for most sectors, computing, cloud providers as well as researchers on business administration, sales, marketing, and IT infrastructure. Particularly this study and the suggested framework will help companies and businesses adopt CC appropriately. Moreover, as suggested in the study, governments can use such frameworks when encouraging cloud providers to support companies in their decision making and transition periods for CC adoption. Novelty/Originality of this study: This study will undoubtedly contribute to the decision making processes of the companies for CC adoption. Through the integrated in-depth analysis of the factors that affect the adoption decisions in an industrial region of Turkey, the study will also provide valuable data for the researchers and businesses within similar company personas.

This study uses diffusion of innovations (DOI) as a framework for formative research to understand different stakeholders' perceptions of renewable energy initiatives (i.e., wind, solar, and biomass). Focus groups ( N =12) were conducted with several different stakeholders in Michigan: farmers ( n = 17), rural residents ( n = 20), urban residents ( n = 30), citizen activists/environmentalists ( n = 13), and individuals who live in tourist-based economies ( n = 7). Data were analyzed based on DOI constructs. Results suggest that farmers would be considered early adopters, while urban residents would fall in the late majority. Overall, stakeholder groups perceived renewable energy to be relatively advantageous and compatible with their values.

Intro -- Dedication -- Preface -- Chapter 1: Elements of Diffusion -- Water Boiling in a Peruvian Village: Diffusion That Failed -- What is Diffusion? -- Controlling Scurvy in the British Navy -- Nondiffusion of the Dvorak Keyboard -- Four Main Elements in the Diffusion of Innovations -- 1. The Innovation -- 2. Communication Channels -- 3. Time -- 4. A Social System -- Diffusion of Hybrid Corn in Iowa -- Summary -- Chapter 2: A History of Diffusion Research -- The Beginnings of Diffusion Research in Europe -- Gabriel Tarde and Imitation -- Georg Simmel's Stranger -- The British and German-Austrian Diffusionists -- The Rise of Diffusion Research Traditions -- Paradigms and Invisible Colleges -- The Anthropology Research Tradition -- Miracle Rice in Bali: the Goddess and the Computer -- Early Sociology -- Rural Sociology -- The Diffusion of Modern Math in Pittsburgh -- Worldwide Diffusion of the Kindergarten -- Public Health and Medical Sociology -- The Columbia University Drug Diffusion Study -- The Taichung Field Experiment -- STOP AIDS in San Francisco -- Communication -- Diffusion of News of the September 11 Terrorist Attacks -- Marketing -- Opinion Leaders and Mavens in the Diffusion of Electric Cars -- Geography -- General Sociology -- Networks in Recruitment to Freedom Summer -- Trends by Diffusion Research Traditions -- A Typology of Diffusion Research -- Summary -- Chapter 3: Contributions and Criticisms of Diffusion Research -- The Status of Diffusion Research Today -- Criticisms of Diffusion Research -- The Pro-Innovation Bias of Diffusion Research -- Pure Drinking Water in Egyptian Villages -- Preference for Sons in India and China -- The Individual-Blame Bias in Diffusion Research -- The Recall Problem in Diffusion Research -- The Issue of Equality in the Diffusion of Innovations -- Summary -- Chapter 4: The Generation of Innovations.

Purpose: The advancement of technologies and their adoption affects the socio-economic growth of nations. This research is focused on how this innovation adoption path is linked to economic growth of nations since the previous IT revolution has been combined with existing industries and adding values in terms of applying intelligence through adopting digital technologies. Approach/Design/Methodology: There are two different approaches&mdash ; process approach and factor approach&mdash ; in innovation adoption research. Innovation diffusion research, which is one of the process approaches, is related to adoption, diffusion, and impact theories, but there are limitations in explaining the perspective of a nation other than individual and organization on the basis of previous literatures. Therefore, we build the integrative model to verify innovative growth path of nations by applying Diffusion of Innovation Theory (DoI) and Technology (T)-Organization (O)-Environment (E) framework, which can explain factors of affecting innovation. We evaluate eight hypotheses with data collected from 137 to 212 nations using international information index by credible organizations: World Economic Forum (WEF), World Bank, United Nations (UN), and International Communications Union (ITU), based on the integrative model we proposed. The path analysis using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) is performed, and the result shows that the path from technological innovation capabilities (T), human capital (O), and environment (E) is related directly to economic impact, except for the path from human capital to value chain breadth directly and indirectly. The indirect path through Information and Communication Technology (ICT) access, use, and value chain helps to understand the full impact of digital innovation. Practical implications: By verifying this relationship, we expect to give suggestions in policy perspective and in building strategy towards innovative growth of countries. Our results show that technological innovation capabilities take time to show impact in terms of economic growth than the other factors, which are human capital, and political and regulatory environment of country. The nurture of human capital directly affects to the economic growth of nations relative to other T and E factors. The political and regulatory environment support stable ICT usage, which gives impact to the economic growth of nations.

It is often assumed that only successful or effective innovations diffuse. Examined here is the diffusion of an unsuccessful protest tactic used during the US student divestment movement of the late 1970s-early 1980s: the shantytown. Two factors led student activists to adopt it: (1) media construction of the tactic as successful, & (2) how this tactic fit with an existing student tactical repertoire & resonated with students' perceptions of South Africa. These factors led students to adopt it without attaining information about its effectiveness to actually force university divestment. 22 References. Adapted from the source document.