Suchergebnisse

The article deals with the demographic situation in Ukraine at the close of 20th century. Changes in population size and proportions of its forming sources after the last All-Soviet Union general census of the population (1989) are the focus of attention in the article. The author investigates the main features of fertility, mortality, marriages, divorces and demographic development of Ukrainian family for this period of time. There was also examined the contribution of natural increase/decrease of population and its net-migration to the process of depopulation and deepening of the demographic crisis in the country. The author remarked the tendency to growth of the indices of demographic loading per 1000 midyear population of working age and transformations in its structure. There was predicted the further aging of population and lessening of its labour potential in the nearest future. There are no reasons to expect any swift positive changes in the demographic situation now. The demographic crisis is deepening.

Population size & structure, fertility, mortality, & migration affect security. Eventually, the populations in the developing world with rapid population growth will contrast starkly with those in advanced countries with lower fertility & an aging demographic. Population growth can drive political violence & threats to security due to resource scarcity, unemployment, migration, & lack of access to power. The UN & other agencies are dealing with the rapid population growth that has an affect on sustainable development & international stability with programs to reduce fertility levels through family planning. Policy responses to the HIV-AIDs epidemic, refugee movement, & population aging are discussed. Since demographic factors, especially migration, indirectly contribute to security, but are not amenable to military solutions, they need to be addressed in a security agenda. M. Pflum