Suchergebnisse

Cover -- Contents -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- Style Conventions -- Introduction -- Part I Metaphor Background and Theory -- 1 Metaphor and Thought -- 2 Critical Approaches to Metaphor -- Part II Metaphor in Political Discourse -- 3 The Metaphors of New Labour -- 4 Metaphor in British Party Political Manifestos -- 5 Metaphor in American Presidential Speeches -- Part III Metaphor in Press Reporting -- 6 Metaphor in Sports Reporting -- 7 Metaphor in Financial Reporting -- Part IV Metaphor in Religious Discourse -- 8 Metaphor in the Bible -- 9 Metaphor in the Old Testament -- 10 Metaphor in the Koran -- Part V A Discourse Theory of Metaphor -- 11 Critical Metaphor Analysis -- Bibliography -- Index -- Index of Conceptual Metaphors and Conceptual Keys.

Abstract
This study amplifies Latinx students' voices about their bilingual experience in a Spanish in the U.S. course. We use conceptual metaphor theory to analyze how students conceptualize their bilingualism and reinforce or resist present language ideologies. The data consists of 50 writing samples: 25 autobiographical narratives and 25 sets of blog commentaries. We found 356 language-related conceptual metaphors. The most common framing was Spanish as a natural resource (e.g., root or plant), vulnerable to dissipating if neglected. Both English and Spanish are referred to as tools for success (e.g., opens doors). Students use journey metaphors to discuss the challenges of learning English, and describe English as an opponent. Finally, they personify language to express the "higher value" of bilinguals, potentially criticizing monolinguals. Understanding how students conceptualize their language situations and express ideologies through metaphor leads to a deeper understanding of their bilingual experiences. These findings also have implications for tailoring language pedagogy.

Abstract
This article makes a comparative analysis of the use of metaphors in the Hong Kong riot reports by British and American mainstream media. The analysis reveals the conceptualization process of events and finds that the use of metaphors is mainly concentrated in the war domain, the flare domain, and the natural forces domain.

This study explores French President Emmanuel Macron's rhetorical framing of the COVID-19 pandemic during two nationally televised public addresses given on the eve of the unprecedented country-wide shut down in March 2020. The shutdown was actually be the first of three confinements or public lockdowns that were ordered by the Macron during 2020. Critical metaphor analysis (CMA) was used as the methodological framework to deconstruct Macron's use of the 'war' and 'journey' metaphors and their role in his attempt to persuade his people to make major personal sacrifices and comply with their government's request to limit travel, shut down businesses and confine themselves in their homes. Centring this corpus in the rhetorical moment, this study argues that Macron's public perception as a wealthy elitist, as well as his failure to adequately respond to the Gilets Jaunes and pension strike revolts that preceded the COVID-19 outbreak prevented him from effectively identifying with the French people and earning their full support and confidence. This may have been exacerbated by his use of the 'war' metaphor which, in his role as 'commander and chief', likely reified the public's impression that he was more of a monarchist than a populist.

Abstract
This study is aimed at unveiling the implicit assumptions underlying the language of EU policy-making, drawing on Hannah Arendt's critique of modernity. It conducts a critical metaphor analysis of strategic EU policy documents from 1985 to 2014 to reveal the extent to which EU policy-making, by relentlessly focusing on the 'competitiveness, growth, and jobs' narrative, relies on modern conceptual frameworks. These are characterized by the prominence of rationality and causality, at the expense of sense of purpose, reality and meaning, which is revealed through the validation of four metaphorical keys. These are (i) sensitive inversion, i.e. economic agents are sensitive and humans are functional; (ii) size matters, i.e. big is better than small and one is better than many; (iii) deficit framing, i.e. potential is locked and present is broken/future is bright; and (iv) speed is of the essence, i.e. the world moves fast and we must hurry up.

In the last twenty years, a highly productive space of metaphor analysis has been established in discourse studies of media, politics, business and education. By using the analytical framework of Critical Metaphor Analysis (CMA) and procedurally employing Pragglejaz Group's MIP, this study aims at evaluating metaphor use in the mission statements of the first twenty European Universities, according to the Webometrics ranking. The findings have shown that the selected narratives are based on the positive evaluation of two conventionalized metaphors: HIGHER EDUCATION IS AN ACT OF COMMERCE and HIGHER EDUCATION IS A COMPETITIVE RACE. Using Lakoff's study of the conservative worldview and Goatly's work on the hidden complexity of capitalist ideology, it has been determined that the evoked metaphors do not correlate with the framework of sustainability education but are rather oriented towards pragmatic consumerism in both education and society. The most frequent metaphoric usages evoke market ideology based on the concepts of transactional approach to relationship, competitiveness for superiority, the importance of self-interest and strength, and quantifiable quality.

In the last twenty years, a highly productive space of metaphor analysis has been established in discourse studies of media, politics, business and education. By using the analytical framework of Critical Metaphor Analysis (CMA) and procedurally employing Pragglejaz Group's MIP, this study aims at evaluating metaphor use in the mission statements of the first twenty European Universities, according to the Webometrics ranking. The findings have shown that the selected narratives are based on the positive evaluation of two conventionalized metaphors: HIGHER EDUCATION IS AN ACT OF COMMERCE and HIGHER EDUCATION IS A COMPETITIVE RACE. Using Lakoff's study of the conservative worldview and Goatly's work on the hidden complexity of capitalist ideology, it has been determined that the evoked metaphors do not correlate with the framework of sustainability education but are rather oriented towards pragmatic consumerism in both education and society. The most frequent metaphoric usages evoke market ideology based on the concepts of transactional approach to relationship, competitiveness for superiority, the importance of self-interest and strength, and quantifiable quality.

In this article, we analyse the response of UK academics to the UK government decision to cut international development research funding as part of the overseas aid budget reduction, undertaken in March 2021. This decision affects and will have long-lasting effects on any research project involving the UK and international partners, particularly in Global South contexts. We use Critical Metaphor Analysis (CMA) to analyse news, blogs, interviews that UK-based academics wrote in response to the cuts announcement, from 11 March 2021 to 30 April 2021. We identified the following metaphors: CUTS ARE AN ENTITY; CUTS ARE A THREAT, CUTS ARE ILLNESS, CUTS ARE VIOLENCE; plus, on the other hand, RESEARCH IS HEALTH, RESEARCH IS A JOURNEY, RESEARCH IS CONNECTION. UK academics have used 'idioms of distress', which are cultural expressions, often metaphorical, through which people articulate distress. Therefore, our contribution is threefold. First, we suggest that the metaphors used have a persuasive and evaluative aim and function. Second, we open up a space for an interdisciplinarity between CMA and 'idioms of distress'. Third, we warn about the need for the UK government and responsible institutional bodies to restore communication and trust with the global academic research community in International Development.

Metaphors are used in political discourse in order to advance one particular view of the world whilst delegitimising other ideologies and belittling political opponents. The author verifies this claim by analysing the wrestling with a pig in the mud metaphor in light of the Critical Metaphor Analysis model and by providing broad reference to the socio-political context of the 2019 European Parliament election in Poland. Consistent with the premises of the selected paradigm, the investigation is performed at three intermingling levels. Basic categories of source domains present in the complex metaphorical structure are identified at the descriptive level. At the interpretative level, attention is directed towards mapping out correspondences between source and target domains. 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Abstract In recent years, metaphorical linguistic expression has been shown to play a significant role in representing a thought-provoking and novel way of viewing the world and assisting individuals in understanding more about the meaning of linguistic realization. As a result metaphorical analysis has attracted a great deal of scholarlyattention in various fields over a wide range of textual typologies. This study aims at examining the types of conceptual metaphor used in the English subtitles of General Prayut Chan-o-cha's weekly addresses during times of political crisis in order to reveal the underlying political ideologies in relation to the politics and democracy-related issues. The present study also applied a corpus-assisted approach and the Metaphor Identification Procedure (MIP) to identify the conceptual metaphors. The finding reveals seven categories of conceptual metaphor are used, including MACHINE AND TOOLS, JOURNEY, BUILDING AND CONSTRUCTION, HUMAN, WAR, ANIMAL (BIRD), and OBJECT. Data analysis indicated that the conceptual metaphor of MACHINE AND TOOLS appeared to be the most frequently used comparing to other types. The study also suggests that Thai military government, led by General Prayut Chan-o-cha, has exploited metaphorical expressions in order to shed light on the hope of seeing the democratic-building processes becoming accepted by both the Thai populace and the international community. บทคัดย่อ ในปัจจุบันนั้น สำนวนภาษาเชิงอุปลักษณ์นั้นมีบทบาทสำคัญที่แสดงถึงวิธีในการกระตุ้นความนึกคิดและแนวทางที่แปลกใหม่ในการมองโลก อีกทั้งยังเป็นการช่วยให้ผู้คนเข้าใจความหมายเชงิ กระจ่างทางภาษาศาสตร์มากยิ่งขึ้นผลที่ตามมาคือการวิเคราะห์ อุปลักษณ์จึงเป็นที่ดึงดูดความสนใจเพื่อการศึกษาเชิงวิชาการในหลากหลายสาขาวิชาที่เกี่ยวข้องกับการศึกษารูปแบบและสัญลักษณ์เชิงตัวบท งานวิจัยชิ้นนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อศึกษาประเภทของอุปลักษณ์เชิงมโนทัศน์ที่ใช้ในวาทกรรมทางการเมืองในช่วงเวลาของวิกฤตการณ์ทางการเมืองไทย เพื่อทำให้เห็นถึงอุดมการณ์ทางการเมืองที่เกี่ยวเนื่องกับประเด็นทางการเมืองและประชาธิปไตยที่ซ่อนอยู่ งานวิจัยชิ้นนี้ได้มีการประยุกต์ใช้แนวทางการศึกษาโดยการช่วยจากคลังข้อมูลและกระบวนการระบุอุปลักษณ์เพื่อระบุอุปลักษณ์เชิงมโนทัศน์ ผลการศึกษาพบอุปลักษณ์เชิงมโนทัศน์ทั้งหมด 7 ประเภท ประกอบด้วย เครื่องจักรและเครื่องมือ การเดินทาง อาคารและสิ่งก่อสร้าง มนุษย์ สงคราม สัตว์ (นก) และ สิ่งของ จากการวิเคราะห์ข้อมูลพบว่ามีการใช้ อุปลักษณ์เชิงมโนทัศน์ในรูปแบบของเครื่องจักรและเครื่องมือจำนวนมากที่สุดเมื่อเปรียบเทียบกับอุปลักษณ์เชิงมโนทัศน์ประเภทอื่น งานวิจัยชิ้นนี้ชี้ให้เห็นว่ารัฐบาลทหารไทยนำโดยพลเอกประยุทธ์ จันทร์โอชา ใช้ถ้อยคำเชิงอุปลักษณ์เพื่อให้เกิดความกระจ่างในแง่ของความหวังที่จะเห็นกระบวนการสร้างประชาธิปไตยให้เป็นที่ยอมรับทั้งชาวไทยและประชาคมนานาชาติ

By using the analytical framework of Critical Metaphor Analysis (CMA) and procedurally employing Pragglejaz Group's Metaphor Identification Procedure (MIP), this study aims at evaluating metaphor use in the narrative of presidential New Year greetings of twelve political leaders. The evaluation of the identified 409 metaphoric clusters has demonstrated that different political leaders evoke two power skills within the ethical dimension: hard and soft. Furthermore, it has been clarified that hard power leadership is more varied at its three conceptual levels of semantic representation: pragmatic, intermediary and transactional. The clarified metaphoric utterances have revealed that female leaders are more democratic in their conceptualisation and linguistic preferences than their male counterparts, i.e. the male leaders tend to prioritise competitive forcefulness over cognitive empathy and community concerns, while the female leaders tend to emphasize the importance of a unified and compassionate approach to solving social and political problems.

By using the analytical framework of Critical Metaphor Analysis (CMA) and procedurally employing Pragglejaz Group's Metaphor Identification Procedure (MIP), this study aims at evaluating metaphor use in the narrative of presidential New Year greetings of twelve political leaders. The evaluation of the identified 409 metaphoric clusters has demonstrated that different political leaders evoke two power skills within the ethical dimension: hard and soft. Furthermore, it has been clarified that hard power leadership is more varied at its three conceptual levels of semantic representation: pragmatic, intermediary and transactional. The clarified metaphoric utterances have revealed that female leaders are more democratic in their conceptualisation and linguistic preferences than their male counterparts, i.e. the male leaders tend to prioritise competitive forcefulness over cognitive empathy and community concerns, while the female leaders tend to emphasize the importance of a unified and compassionate approach to solving social and political problems.