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The belief in the possibility of artificial intelligence (AI), given present computers, is the belief that all that is essential to human intelligence can be formalized. AI has not fulfilled early expectations in pattern recognition & problem solving. These tasks cannot be formalized. They necessarily involve a nonformal form of information processing which is possible only for embodied beings--where being embodied does not merely mean being able to move & to operate manipulators. The human world, with its recognizable objects, is organized by human beings using their embodied capacities to satisfy their embodied needs. There is no reason to suppose that a world organized in terms of the body should be accessible by other means. HA.

The field of artificial intelligence is reviewed. The work of George Stiny and myself on design and criticism is discussed briefly in terms of a paradigm of artificial intelligence research.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is concerned with the symbol-manipulation processes that produce intelligent action; that is, acts that are arrived at by intelligible reasoning steps that are guided by knowledge of a particular domain. AI areas relevant to human factors and automation include expert systems, natural-language understanding, and intelligent robotics. These topics are reviewed and illustrated. Potential contributions of human factors research to AI are briefly described.

The belief in the possibility of artificial intelligence (AI), given present computers, is the belief that all that is essential to human intelligence can be formalized. AI has not fulfilled early expectations in pattern recognition and problem solving. These tasks cannot be formalized. They necessarily involve a nonformal form of information processing which is possible only for embodied beings —where being embodied does not merely mean being able to move and to operate manipulators. The human world, with its recognizable objects, is organized by human beings using their embodied capacities to satisfy their embodied needs. There is no reason to suppose that a world organized in terms of the body should be accessible by other means.

When it was originally published in 2002, Sue Curry Jansen's "What Was Artificial Intelligence?" attracted little notice. The long essay was published as a chapter in Jansen's Critical Communication Theory, a book whose wisdom and erudition failed to register across the many fields it addressed. One explanation for the neglect, ironic and telling, is that Jansen's sheer scope as an intellectual had few competent readers in the communication studies discipline into which she published the book. "What Was Artificial Intelligence?" was buried treasure. In this mediastudies.press edition, Jansen's prescient autopsy of AI self-selling—the rhetoric of the masculinist sublime—is reprinted with a new introduction. Now an open access book, "What Was Artificial Intelligence?" is a message in a bottle, addressed to Musk, Bezos, and the latest generation of AI myth-makers.

If one posed a question on how ready is the Republic of Croatia, for use of artificial intelligence in legal and legislative terms in medicine, the answer at this point would be – it is not. The fact is that processes in medicine involve the application of state-of-the-art technologies, as is artificial intelligence, but it is also a controversial fact that the health legislative system does not develop seemingly, in the direction in which it is assumed, according to standards that exist in other developed countries of Europe and the world. Our society awaits many challenges due to the use of ever more ubiquitous applications of artificial intelligence and state-of-the-art, sophisticated technologies and technological processes in treatment, which will need regulation through the prescribed cognitive legal norm. Regulation of the medical treatment process driven by artificial intelligence, must be in place through the norm because the area is too important to be left to technological progress without legal control and adequate legal regulation. In this regard, medicine and all treatment processes, diagnostics and therapies in the health care system must be carried out with one single clear goal, which is the protection and preservation of human health and life.

Cover -- Half Title -- About the Authors -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Preface -- Table of Contents -- Part A: Fundamental of Artificial Intelligence -- Chapter 1 Artificial Intelligence -- Chapter 2 Learning Python for Artificial Intelligence -- Chapter 3 Machine Learning -- Chapter 4 Deep Learning -- Chapter 5 Computer Vision -- Chapter 6 Knowledge Based Expert System -- Part B: Implementation of Artificial Intelligence -- Chapter 7 Tools for Artificial Intelligence -- Chapter 8 Important Libraries for AI -- Chapter 9 Machine Learning Algorithms -- Chapter 10 Disease Classification and Detection in Plants -- Chapter 11 Species Recognition in Flowers -- Chapter 12 Precision Farming.

Artificial Intelligence as a Challenge for Law and Regulation -- Part I -- Foundations of Artificial Intelligence Regulation -- Artificial Intelligence and the Fundamental Right to Data Protection: Opening the Door for Technological Innovation and Innovative Protection -- Artificial Intelligence and Autonomy: Self-Determination in the Age of Automated Systems -- Artificial Intelligence and Transparency: Opening the Black Box -- Artificial Intelligence and Discrimination: Discriminating Against Discriminatory Systems -- Artificial Intelligence and Legal Personality: Introducing "Teilrechtsfähigkeit": A Partial Legal Status Made in Germany -- Part II -- Governance of and Through Artificial Intelligence -- Artificial Intelligence and Social Media -- Artificial Intelligence and Legal Tech: Challenges to the Rule of Law -- Artificial Intelligence and Administrative Decisions Under Uncertainty -- Artificial Intelligence and Law Enforcement -- Artificial Intelligence and the Financial Markets: Business as Usual? -- Artificial Intelligence and Public Governance: Normative Guidelines for Artificial Intelligence in Government and Public Administration -- Artificial Intelligence and Taxation: Risk Management in Fully Automated Taxation Procedures -- Artificial Intelligence and Healthcare: Products and Procedures -- Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare: Doctors, Patients and Liabilities -- Artificial Intelligence and Competition Law

International audience ; BOX is an artwork that exposes some of the social and political impact of artificial intelligence, computer vision, and automation. The project uses a commercially available computer vision system that predicts the interactor's ethnicity, and locks or unlocks itself depending on this prediction. The artwork showcases a possible use of computer vision, making explicit the fact that every technological implantation crystallises a political worldview.