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The role of the Information Technology department is changing as it continues to mature and adapt to changes in technology, much of that change dealing with its interaction with corporate end-users. IT departments must continue to move in a more user friendly direction or they are going to encounter serious political problems with top management. The increased interest in cloud computing, green computing, and in outsourcing are further indicators of the problems that IT departments are currently facing. Information Technology departments must approach client/server with a clear view of the lasting business benefits that it can bring rather than opposing or resisting the migration

What is the nature of the process of implementing a new technology? How should the dynamics of implementing a new technology be studied? What research methods are best-suited to the study of complex issues of social and organizational impacts arising from the implementation of a new technology? Client-server computing represents a significant new technology that has not been a focus of research investigations. As companies pursue client-server technology as a replacement for legacy computing systems, there is a need to provide practitioners with grounded research that discover patterns of organizational and social dynamics that influence the successful outcome of a transition to this new technology. This article suggests that naturalistic research studies can formulate realistic business foundations for the successful implementation of client-server computing.

Human Rights enables readers to understand international standards for human rights, human rights abuses around the world, and the social, economic, and natural causes and effects of such abuses. The history of human rights concepts and declarations of human rights are examined, including the distinction that many historical theories and movements in human rights have made between social groups, namely free men versus women, children, slaves, and immigrants. This new resource goes on to explore human rights positions in the United States, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, China, Chechnya

Front cover -- Series title -- Title page -- Imprint -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- Abstract -- Content -- List of tables -- List of figures -- Abbreviations -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Definitions and concepts -- 3. Theoretical framework -- 3.1 New Economics of Labour Migration -- 3.2 Network theory -- 3.3 Human capital theory -- 4. State of research -- 4.1 Determinants of migration -- 4.2 Determinants of remittances -- 4.3 Socio-economic impact of migration and remittances in origin countries -- 4.3.1 Impact on poverty -- 4.3.2 Impact on education -- 4.3.3 Impact on health -- 4.3.4 Impact on business ownership -- 4.3.5 Impact on housing -- 4.3.6 Impact on agriculture -- 4.3.7 Impact on household expenditures -- 5. Research hypotheses and conceptual framework -- 5.1 Research hypotheses -- 5.2 Conceptual framework -- 6. Economic framework and migration in Nepal -- 6.1 Natural conditions -- 6.2 Population -- 6.3 Economic development -- 6.4 Foreign trade -- 6.5 Human development index and poverty -- 6.6 Education -- 6.7 Employment -- 6.8 Agricultural sector -- 6.9 Household income and expenditures -- 6.10 International migration and remittances -- 6.10.1 History of international migration in Nepal -- 6.10.2 Migration patterns -- 6.10.3 Remittances -- 6.11 Labour law and migration policy in Nepal -- 7. Research design and methodology -- 7.1 Study area -- 7.1.1 Selection of the study area -- 7.1.2 Location and physical environment -- 7.1.3 Demographic characteristics -- 7.1.4 Development indicators -- 7.2 Sampling unit -- 7.3 Sampling procedure and sample size -- 7.4 Data collection and processing -- 7.4.1 Primary data collection -- 7.4.2 Secondary data collection -- 7.4.3 Limitations and constraints faced during field survey -- 7.4.4 Data processing -- 7.5 Data analyses -- 7.5.1 Logistic regression -- 7.5.2 Multiple linear regression model.

As the hubs of economic activity, cities drive the vast majority of the world's energy use and are major contributors to global greenhouse gas emissions. Because they are home to major infrastructure and highly concentrated populations, cities are also vulnerable to the impacts of climate change, such as rising sea levels, warmer temperatures and fiercer storms. At the same time, better urban planning and policies can reduce energy use and greenhouse gas emissions and improve the resilience of urban infrastructure to climate change, thus shaping future trends. This book shows how city and metropolitan regional governments working in tandem with national governments can change the way we think about responding to climate change. The chapters analyse: trends in urbanisation, economic growth, energy use and climate change, the economic benefits of climate action, the role of urban policies in reducing energy demand, improving resilience to climate change and complementing global climate policies, frameworks for multilevel governance of climate change including engagement with relevant stakeholders, and the contribution of cities to "green growth", including the "greening" of fiscal policies, innovation and jobs. The book also explores policy tools and best practices from both OECD and some non-member countries. Cities and Climate Changereveals the importance of addressing climate change across all levels of government. Local involvement through "climate-conscious" urban planning and management can help achieve national climate goals and minimise tradeoffs between environmental and economic priorities at local levels. The book will be relevant to policy makers, researchers, and others with an interest in learning more about urbanisation and climate change policy.