Suchergebnisse

In this article the new disability anti‐discrimination law in Sweden is considered. The underlying prejudice‐causes‐discrimination model is criticised. It is argued that the new law ‐ which makes unlawful to discriminate persons with disabilities by applying stereotypes in evaluating them as job applicants outlaws prejudiced behaviour on the part of employers as such, without connecting it with any outcome in employment opportunities. The disability anti‐discrimination law is elitist in so far as it only assists those disabled workers whose profile is rather congruous with the profile of non‐disabled employees. The law individualises a systemic problem; it makes discrimination and exclusion of disabled persons from the labour market a problem concerning the prejudiced individual, thereby simplifying both the problem and the way to solve it. The lawmaker has not taken into consideration systemic aspects or gain‐motivated discrimination, neither that which might appear, as a gulf between ideals and practice are the outcome of a whole range of different practices that respond to different needs. The antidiscrimination law ‐ as if guided by neo‐liberal considerations, i.e. rules are not drawn up in order to direct the behaviour of the market ‐ rescues governments from the requirements of acting on behalf of the disadvantaged group.

Actions against any acts of criminal nature should be complex. Fight against corruption as a multi aspect social phenomenon especially requires a complex approach. Each state that considers corruption as a negative social phenomenon and is willing to eliminate it, uses, maximum possible resources in compliance with political position of a ruling class. First of all, a state makes full use of legal remedies – regulative and protective (punitive). It is reasonable to make the steps in social and economic direction. However, reliance only on public law measures in terms of preventing and fighting corruption cannot be justified. The reason lies in the corruption itself, its expansion and tolerant attitude of the society. This proves the need to uproot corruption determinants not only "from the top" but from "down", i.e. from the civil society as well. On the one hand, the society serves as a social base for corruption; on the other hand, it is the civil society that is able to control corruption and the work of public authorities in terms of corruption combat. The aim of this paper is to designate civil society as a subject fighting against corruption. The objectives are to detect the means with the help of which civil society could significantly increase efficiency in terms of combating corruption adding to governmental means. The authors of the paper applied traditional methods of criminal science. The paper presents the results of criminological studies carried out by the authors of this paper and by other researches concerning corruption combating. ; peer-reviewed

This volume is an unabridged translation of the textbook 'Soviet Civil Law', originally published in 1983 under the auspices of the USSR Ministry of Justice. Edited by Professor O.N. Sadikov, the work includes contributions from nine Soviet legal scholars